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* Elvish Linguistic Fellowship, an organization that studies the invented languages of J. R. R. Tolkien
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Elvish and Linguistic
* The Elvish Linguistic Fellowship: Publishes the journals Parma Eldalamberon, Tengwestië, and Vinyar Tengwar
However, numerous unpublished texts are still known to exist in the Bodleian and Marquette University libraries and in other papers held by individuals or organizations, such as the Elvish Linguistic Fellowship.
Elfcon ( also ELFcon ), short for " Elvish Linguistic Fellowship Convention ", is a convention first proposed by Jorge Quiñónez, and then organized and originally hosted by Bill Welden, dedicated to the study of the languages created by J. R. R. Tolkien.
The Elvish Linguistic Fellowship ( E. L. F .) is a " Special Interest Group " of the Mythopoeic Society devoted to the study of the constructed languages of J. R. R. Tolkien, today headed by Carl F. Hostetter.
Vinyar Tengwar is a journal () published by the Elvish Linguistic Fellowship, dedicated to the study of the invented languages of J. R. R. Tolkien.
Parma Eldalamberon and Vinyar Tengwar are published by the Elvish Linguistic Fellowship of the Mythopoeic Society a non-profit organization.
* The home page of the Elvish Linguistic Fellowship, which publishes the journals Parma Eldalamberon, Vinyar Tengwar, and Tengwestie, and sponsors the discussion list, Lambengolmor ( discussion list launched 29 May 2002, archives at lambengolmor-l ).
Elvish and invented
Tolkien sometimes changed the " meaning " of an Elvish word, but he almost never disregarded it once invented, and he kept on refining its meaning, and countlessly forged new synonyms.
Known members of the Lambengolmor were Rúmil, who invented the first Elvish script ( the Sarati ), Fëanor who later enhanced and further developed this script into his Tengwar, which later was spread to Middle-earth by the Exiled Noldor and remained in use ever after, and Pengolodh, who is credited with many works, including the Osanwe-kenta and the Lhammas or " The ' Account of Tongues ' which Pengolodh of Gondolin wrote in later days in Tol-eressëa ".
Although the Elvish languages Sindarin and Quenya are the most famous and the most developed of the languages that Tolkien invented for his Secondary World, they are by no means the only ones.
The Elvish form Nírnaeth Arnoediad ( pronounced ; in this case the digraph oe denotes a rounded variant of the sound, more or less like German ' ö ') comes from Sindarin, one of the languages invented by Tolkien, and translates to Tears Uncountable: nîn means ' tear ( s )', in compound nírnaeth ' tears of woe '; prefix ar-bears the sense of ' beyond ' and the root nod-means ' count ', with o umlauted to œ by the following i. J. R. R. Tolkien often omitted the accent over the first vowel ( due to haste or neglect ), and this spelling was introduced into the published Silmarillion by Christopher Tolkien ; in editorial text within later writings, as The War of the Jewels, he used the accented form.
It gave rise to the first Elvish root ever invented: EL -, from which the Common Eldarin word ēl (' star ') is derived.
He and Marshall also contributed a chapter on Tolkien's invented languages to From Elvish to Klingon ( edited by Michael Adams, Oxford University Press, 2011, ISBM 978-0-19-280709-0 ).
Elvish and languages
In fiction, J. R. R. Tolkien's Elvish languages use a hybrid decimal-duodecimal system, primarily decimal but with special names for multiples of six.
A notable fictional duodecimal system was that of J. R. R. Tolkien's Elvish languages, which used duodecimal as well as decimal.
Tolkien also created scripts for his Elvish languages, of which the best known are the Sarati, the Tengwar, and the Cirth.
The Elvish languages underwent countless revisions in grammar, mostly in conjugation and the pronominal system.
After the publication of The Lord of the Rings ( 1954 – 1955 ), the grammar rules of his major Elvish languages Quenya, Telerin and Sindarin went through very few changes ( this is late Elvish 1954 – 1973 ).
Almost each year, new Elvish words are published and the grammar rules of the Elvish languages are disclosed.
The acute accent ( á, é, í, ó, ú ) or circumflex accent ( â, ê, î, ô, û, ŷ ) marks long vowels in the Elvish languages.
Below is a family tree of the Elvish languages, showing how the Primitive Quendian word kwendī " people " ( later meaning " Elves ") was altered in the descendant languages.
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