In former times, it was customary to have a portrait in Confucius Temples ; however, during the reign of Hongwu Emperor ( Taizu ) of the Ming dynasty it was decided that the only proper portrait of Confucius should be in the temple in his hometown, Qufu.

* 960 – The coronation of Zhao Kuangyin as Emperor Taizu of Song, initiating the Song Dynasty period of China that would last more than three centuries.

* Guo Wei, also known as Emperor Taizu of Later Zhou

* November 14 – Emperor Taizu of Song China

* Emperor Taizu of Liao leads another campaign to the west, reaching the former Uyghur capital on the Orkhon River.

* March 17 – Zhao Kuangyin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizu of Song

* June 30 – Guo Wei, posthumously known as Emperor Taizu of Later Zhou

* Emperor Taizu of Song China conquers Hunan Province.

Emperor Taizu of Song ( r. 960 – 976 ) unified China through conquering other lands during his reign, ending the upheaval of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period.

Emperor Taizu of Song ( r. 960 – 976 ), a court portrait painting

The Hongwu Emperor (; 21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398 ) — known variably by his given name Zhu Yuanzhang () and by his temple name Taizu of Ming () — was the founder and first emperor of the Ming Dynasty of China.

* Taizu Chang Quan — Emperor Taizu's long fist ( this refers particularly to the military commander who, using his technique in his armies, became the first Song emperor )

In 2006, a 40-episodes wuxia TV series named ' Li Hou Zhu yu Zhao Kuang Yin ' or ' Li Hou Zhu and Zhao Kuang Yin ' was made, with main stars Nicky Wu ( as Li Houzhu ), Huang Wen Hao ( as Emperor Taizu of Song ) and Liu Tao ( as Empress Zhou, wife of Li Houzhu ).

According to half historian and half writer Jin Yong, Hong Taiji had the broad and wise views of Qin Shi Huang, Emperor Gaozu of Han, Emperor Guangwu of Han, Emperor Wen of Sui, Emperor Taizong of Tang, Emperor Taizu of Song, Kublai Khan, the Hongwu Emperor, and the Yongle Emperor.

Emperor Taizu of Song ordered Lu Duosun and a team of cartographers and scholars in 971 to initiate the compilation of a huge atlas and nationwide gazetteer that covered the whole of China proper, which comprised approximately 1, 200 counties and 300 prefectures.

In this, he was matched perhaps only by Emperor Taizu of Song ( Zhao Kuangyin ).

Emperor Taizu was successful in nearly completing the incorporation of the southern kingdoms into the Song Dynasty by his death in 976.

The armies of Emperor Taizu of Song had a large pontoon bridge built across the Yangtze River in 974 in order to secure supply lines during the Song Dynasty's conquest of the Southern Tang.

* 1085 – Emperor Shenzong of Song ( b. 1048 )

Furthermore, China's first permanent standing navy was assembled and provided an admiral's office at Dinghai in 1132, under the reign of Emperor Renzong of Song.

In 1055, Emperor Renzong of Song first bestowed the title of " Duke Yansheng " on Kong Zongyuan of the 46th generation.

Emperor Yingzong of Song ordered Sima Guang and other scholars to begin compiling this universal history of China in 1065 and they presented it to his successor Emperor Shenzong of Song in 1084.

The oldest confirmed written mention of dominoes in China comes from the Former Events in Wulin ( i. e. the capital Hangzhou ) written by the Yuan Dynasty ( 1271 – 1368 ) author Zhou Mi ( 1232 – 1298 ), who listed " pupai " ( gambling plaques or dominoes ) as well as dice as items sold by peddlers during the reign of Emperor Xiaozong of Song ( r. 1162 – 1189 ).

According to the Nihon Shoki, Emperor Kimmei received a bronze statue of Buddha as a gift from the king of Paekche King Song Myong ( 聖明王, Seimei Ō ) along with a significant envoy of artisans, monks, and other artifacts in 552.

Image: Meister nach Chang Hsüan 001. jpg | Ladies making silk, a remake of an 8th-century original by Zhang Xuan by Emperor Huizong of Song, early 12th century, Chinese

File: Shenzong of Song. jpg | Court portrait of Emperor Shenzong of Song ( r. 1067-1085 ), Chinese

Image: Songhuizong4. jpg | Golden Pheasant and Cotton Rose, by Emperor Huizong of Song ( r. 1100-1126 AD ), Chinese

Image: Songhuizong8. jpg | Listening to the Guqin, by Emperor Huizong of Song ( 1100-1126 AD ), Chinese

During the Chinese Song Dynasty ( 960-1279 AD ), not only landscape art was improved upon, but portrait painting became more standardized and sophisticated than before ( for example, refer to Emperor Huizong of Song ), and reached its classical age maturity during the Ming Dynasty ( 1368-1644 AD ).

* 1276 – While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Song Dynasty court hold the coronation ceremony for the young prince Zhao Shi, making him Emperor Duanzong of Song.

* 1107 – Emperor Gaozong of Song ( d. 1187 )

* 1127 – Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing ( Kaifeng ), the capital of the Song Dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.

* 1010 – Emperor Renzong of Song ( d. 1063 )

* 1100 – Emperor Qinzong of Song ( d. 1161 )

Augustus (, September 23, 63 BC – August 19, 14 AD ) was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD.

Hongwu Emperor, founder of the Ming Dynasty

Chiang Kai-shek considered both the Han Chinese and all the minority peoples of China, the Five Races Under One Union, as descendants of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor and semi mythical founder of the Chinese nation, and belonging to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China.

In addition to his administrative and legal impact on history, the Emperor Diocletian is considered to be the founder of the city of Split in modern-day Croatia.

Former Emperor Haile Selassie was a founder of the Organization of African Unity ( OAU ).

His grandfather, Thomas Francis, founder of the Carignano line of the House of Savoy, was the son of Catherine Michelle – a daughter of Philip II of Spain – and the great-grandson of the Emperor Charles V. But of more immediate consequence to Leopold I was the fact that Eugene was the second cousin of Victor Amadeus, the Duke of Savoy, a connection that the Emperor hoped might prove useful in any future confrontation with France.

The clan originated when the founder, Nakatomi no Kamatari ( 614-669 ), was rewarded by Emperor Tenji with the honorific " Fujiwara ", which evolved as a surname for Kamatari and his descendants.

The Holy Roman Empire looked to Charlemagne, Charles the Great, King of the Franks, as its founder, who had been crowned Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day in 800 by Pope Leo III.

The Kuomintang considers all minorities to be members of the Chinese Nation, Chiang Kai-shek, the Kuomintang party leader, considered all the minority peoples of China, including the Hui, as descedants of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor and semi mythical founder of the Chinese nation.

Although never Emperor, Henry I the Fowler, Duke of Saxony, was arguably the founder of this imperial dynasty, since his election as German king in 919 made it possible for his son, Otto the Great to take on the imperium.

* Hongwu Emperor ( 1328 – 1398 ) founder of the Ming Dynasty in China.

* 566: Birth of Lǐ Yuān, founder of the Tang Dynasty and Emperor of China under the name of Gaozu ( 618-626 )

* Emperor Wen of Sui, founder and first emperor of Chinese Sui Dynasty

* Emperor Gaozu of Han, founder of the Han Dynasty in China, ( 256 BC – 195 BC, reigned 202 BC – 195 BC )

* Hongwu Emperor of China, founder of the Ming Dynasty.

Sima Qian's " Annals of the Yin " begins by describing the predynastic founder of the Shang lineage, Xie ( 偰 ) — also appearing as Qi ( 契 ) — as having been miraculously conceived when Jiandi, a wife of Emperor Ku, swallowed an egg dropped by a black bird.

* May 17 – Emperor Jin Wudi, founder of the Western Jin Dynasty, dies after a 25-year reign.

Sun Quan ( 182 – 252 ), formally Emperor Da of Wu, was the founder of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history.

However, its founder Emperor Wu was considered one of the greatest generals during the Southern and Northern Dynasties period, and the reign of its third emperor, Emperor Wen, is known for its political stability and capable administration, not only of its emperor but its strong and honest officials.

Thus, in Botticelli's interpretation, Pankaspe ( the ancient living prototype of Simonetta ), the mistress of Alexander the Great ( the Laurentian predecessor ), becomes the lovely model for the lost Venus executed by the legendary Apelles ( reborn through the recreative talents of Botticelli ), which ended up in Rome, installed by Emperor Augustus in the temple dedicated to Florence's supposed founder Julius Caesar.

According to some reports, Zhu is a 18th generation descendent of Zhu Bian ( 朱楩 ), titled Prince of Min ( 岷王 ), the 18th son of Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming Dynasty.

Concubine Qi ( died 194 BC ), also known as Lady Qi or Consort Qi, was a consort of Emperor Gaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty.