Among the persecuted were the poet Ernst Moritz Arndt, the publisher Johann Joseph Görres and the " Father of Gymnastics " Ludwig Jahn.

His older brother, Gebhard Ludwig, was born in July 1898, and his younger brother, Ernst, was born in 1905.

The main influences on the early logical positivists were the positivist Ernst Mach, Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell and the young Ludwig Wittgenstein.

* 1880 – Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, German painter ( d. 1938 )

* 1868 – Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine ( d. 1937 )

* 1937 – Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine ( b. 1868 )

File: Kirchner-Straßenszene bei Nacht. jpg | Street Scene at Night by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, 1926-7.

* Ernst Ludwig Kirchner – painter

* Physics – Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck

* May 6 – Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, German painter ( d. 1938 )

* November 24 – Ernst Ludwig I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen ( b. 1672 )

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner,

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Portrait of Otto Mueller | Otto Müller, 1915

During the 1938 crisis over Czechoslovakia that culminated in the Munich Agreement, Canaris was together with the army chief of staff, General Ludwig Beck and the Foreign Office ’ s state secretary Ernst von Weizsäcker, a leader of the " anti-war " group in the German government, which was determined to avoid a war in 1938 that it felt Germany would lose.

" Many other well-known Russian and Jewish artists eventually sought to escape: these included Chaim Soutine, Max Ernst, Max Beckmann, Ludwig Fulda, author Victor Serge and prize-winning author Vladimir Nabokov, who although not Jewish himself, had a " passionate interest " in Jews and Israel.

In 1905, a group of four German artists, led by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, formed Die Brücke ( the Bridge ) in the city of Dresden.

* Germany: Ernst Barlach, Max Beckmann, Fritz Bleyl, Heinrich Campendonk, Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüller, George Grosz, Erich Heckel, Carl Hofer, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Käthe Kollwitz, Wilhelm Lehmbruck, Elfriede Lohse-Wächtler, August Macke, Franz Marc, Ludwig Meidner, Paula Modersohn-Becker, Otto Mueller, Gabriele Münter, Rolf Nesch, Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein, and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff

File: Ernst Ludwig Kirchner-Nollendorfplatz. jpg | Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Nollendorfplatz, 1912

Influential in the early days of Modernism were the theories of Sigmund Freud ( 1856 – 1939 ), and Ernst Mach ( 1838 – 1916 ).

He was a leading member of the Frankfurt School of critical theory, whose work has come to be associated with thinkers such as Ernst Bloch, Walter Benjamin, Max Horkheimer and Herbert Marcuse, for whom the work of Freud, Marx and Hegel were essential to a critique of modern society.

Some of the University's better-known students include: Christian Doppler, Kurt Adler, Franz Alt, Bruno Bettelheim, Rudolf Bing, Lucian Blaga, Josef Breuer, F. F. Bruce, Elias Canetti, Ivan Cankar, Otto Maria Carpeaux, Felix Ehrenhaft, Mihai Eminescu, Paul Feyerabend, Heinz Fischer, O. W. Fischer, Ivan Franko, Sigmund Freud, Alcide De Gasperi, Ernst Gombrich, Kurt Gödel, Erich Göstl, Franz Grillparzer, Jörg Haider, Edmund Husserl, Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Marie Jahoda, Elfriede Jelinek, Percy Lavon Julian, Karl Kautsky, Elisabeth Kehrer, Hans Kelsen, Rudolf Kirchschläger, Arthur Koestler, Jernej Kopitar, Karl Kordesch, Karl Kraus, Bruno Kreisky, Richard Kuhn, Paul Lazarsfeld, Gustav Mahler, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, Lise Meitner, Gregor Mendel, Franz Mesmer, Franc Miklošič, Alois Mock, Matija Murko, Pope Pius III, Maxim Podoprigora, Hans Popper, Karl Popper, Otto Preminger, Wilhelm Reich, Peter Safar, Mordkhe Schaechter, Arthur Schnitzler, Albin Schram, Wolfgang Schüssel, Joseph Schumpeter, Theodor Herzl, John J. Shea, Jr., Adalbert Stifter, Yemima Tchernovitz-Avidar, Kurt Waldheim, Otto Weininger, Stefan Zweig, and Huldrych Zwingli.

After World War II Dr. Kurt Eissler ( 1909 – 1999 ) and a small group of psychoanalysts who knew Sigmund Freud personally, including Heinz Hartmann, Ernst Kris, Bertram Lewin and Hermann Nunberg, decided to preserve Freud's letters and papers in a single archive.

Born in Berlin, Freud was the son of a German Jewish mother, Lucie ( née Brasch ), and an Austrian Jewish father, Ernst L. Freud, an architect.

Plot developments in this segment are: the father's decline following the death of his wife ; the family's relationships with the prostitutes and the radicals ; John and Franny falling in love with each other ; John's relationship with a communist who commits suicide ; Franny's sexual relationships with Susie and with the " quarterback " of the radicals, Ernst ; Lilly developing as a writer and penning the story of the family ; and the radicals ' plot to blow up the opera house, using Freud and the family as hostages, which Freud and Win foil.

In 1912 he undertook to study trip to Italy and Balkans with Ernst Ludwig Freud ( son of Sigmund Freud ).

Weinreich translated Sigmund Freud and Ernst Toller into Yiddish.

Basic's list of authors includes Christopher Andrew, Anthony Appiah, Isaac Asimov, Robert Axelrod, Susan R. Barry, Daniel Bell, John Bradshaw, Allan Brandt, Richard Brookhiser, Zbigniew Brzezinski, William F. Buckley, Stephen Carter, Iris Chang, George Chauncey, Stephanie Coontz, Dinesh D ’ Souza, Devra Davis, Richard Dawkins, Hernando de Soto, Jared Diamond, Michael Eric Dyson, Thomas B. Edsall, Richard Evans, Graham Farmelo, Niall Ferguson, Richard Feynman, Richard Florida, Robin Lane Fox, Sigmund Freud, Howard Gardner, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Clifford Geertz, George Gilder, Barry Glassner, Robert Harms, Judith L. Herman, Christopher Hitchens, Douglas Hofstadter, Samuel P. Huntington, Jacqueline Jones, June Jordan, Leszek Kołakowski, Lawrence Krauss, Irving Kristol, George Lakoff, Edward Larson, Christopher Lasch, Mary Lefkowitz, Lawrence Lessig, Claude Levi-Strauss, Bernard Lewis, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeff Madrick, Nelson Mandela, Benoit Mandelbrot, Ernst Mayr, Walter A. McDougall, John McWhorter, Dana Milbank, Alice Miller, Walter Mosley, Charles Murray, Richard John Neuhaus, Donald Norman, Robert Nozick, Joseph S. Nye, Jr., James T. Patterson, Orlando Patterson, Jean Piaget, Steven Pinker, Karl Popper, Samantha Power, Diane Ravitch, Eugene Rogan, Juliet Schor, Brent Scowcroft, Anne-Marie Slaughter, Lee Smolin, Timothy Snyder, Thomas Sowell, Ian Stewart, Cass Sunstein, Beverly Daniel Tatum, Lester Thurow, Sherry Turkle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Michael Walzer, Elizabeth Warren, George Weigel, Steven Weinberg, Cornel West, Frank Wilczek, A. N.

W. H. Auden's poem " In Memory of Ernst Toller " was published in Another Time ( 1940 ) together with poems memorializing Yeats and Freud, and mourning the spread of fascism and war ( Spain 1937 and September 1, 1939 ).

A small sun room in a modern style was added at the rear by Ernst Ludwig Freud that same year.

In addition to the books, the library contains various pictures hung as Freud arranged them ; these include ' Oedipus and the Riddle of the Sphinx ' and ' The Lesson of Dr Charcot ' plus photographs of Martha Freud, Lou Andreas-Salomé, Yvette Guilbert, Marie Bonaparte, and Ernst von Fleischl.

Ernst Fleischl von Marxow ( 1846-1891 ), and Joseph Paneth ( 1857-1890 ), two colleagues of Freud, were also assistants to Brücke in Vienna.

Another example, a famous historical case, is that of Dr. Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, an Austrian physician, pathologist and physiologist, who infected his finger during an autopsy and became dependent on morphine, due to the pain ; and, later, on cocaine, by instigation of his friend, Sigmund Freud.

Riedl built upon the work of the Viennese school of thought initially typified by Konrad Lorenz, and continued today by Gerhard Vollmer, Franz Wuketits, and in Spain by Nicanor Ursura, skeptical of German idealism, and nourished by the tradition that produced Ernst Mach, Ludwig Boltzmann, Erwin Schrödinger, Karl Popper, Hans Reichenbach and Sigmund Freud.

Influential in the early days of Modernism were the theories of Sigmund Freud ( 1856 – 1939 ), and Ernst Mach ( 1838 – 1916 ).

* 1837 – Ernst Ziller, German-Greeek architect, designed the Presidential Mansion, Athens ( d. 1923 )

* 1886 – Ernst May, German architect ( d. 1970 )

* Ernst May – architect

A social housing project in Frankfurt ( the Römerstadt of architect Ernst May ) realized in 1927 / 8 was the breakthrough for her Frankfurt kitchen, which embodied this new notion of efficiency in the kitchen.

This palace was constructed to the plans of Gottfried Heinrich Krohne, architect of Ernst August I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar.

Major rebuilding and restoration of the cathedral started in 1869, initially led by architect Heinrich Ernst Schirmer, and nearly completed by Christian Christie.

The Austrian architect Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky applied the principles of Taylorism to the kitchen workspace and developed the Frankfurt kitchen while working for Ernst May.

In 1926 she was called to the Hochbauamt of the City Council of Frankfurt am Main, Germany, by the legendary architect and city planner Ernst May.

When the political situation in the Weimar Republic began to further deteriorate and unduly favour the political right, Schütte-Lihotzky joined a team of seventeen architects, the " May Brigade ", led by architect Ernst May and including her husband and Erich Mauthner, also from Vienna.

* Ernst Cramer ( architect ) ( 1898 – 1980 ), Swiss landscape architect

* The municipal Theatre Apollon, built in 1872 after plans by the German architect Ernst Ziller.

The extension to the existing church was by the architect Dr. Manfred Fuchs Bichler, and the Austrian painter, graphic artist and architect Prof. Ernst Fuchs.

Ultimately, he was always drawn back to inflated neo-baroque such as Kaiser Wilhelm II had fostered, through his court architect Ernst von Ihne.

The airport halls of Tempelhof International Airport built by Nazi architect Ernst Sagebiel are still known as the largest built entities worldwide.

Ernst Fuchs ( born February 13, 1930 ) is an Austrian painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, architect, stage designer, composer, poet, singer and one of the founders of the Vienna School of Fantastic Realism.

It was designed in 1926 by Austrian architect Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky for architect Ernst May's social housing project Römerstadt in Frankfurt, Germany.

The Association contracted with the architect Ernst Stahl to " build in the ruin, in the spirit of the old buildings and making use of the old walls, a building which fit well into the landscape ".

The architect was Ernst Sagebiel, an architect who worked full-time for the Luftwaffe and also designed Tempelhof Airport.

Ernst May, a famous German functionalist architect, formulated his initial plan for Magnitogorsk, a new city in the Soviet Union, primarily following the model that he had established with his Frankfurt settlements: identical, equidistant five-story communal apartment buildings and an extensive network of dining halls and other public services.