Yet, although the Don Flap technique is a relatively simple surgical procedure, the most obvious disadvantages of the labia minora flap surgery include the need for restorative labiaplasty and cervical dilation to produce a vagina of adequate dimensions ( depth and width ).

* Flap ( aircraft ), a hinged surface on the trailing edge of an airplane wing

* In her work " Ruben's Flap " ( 1998 – 1999 ), Saville creates an oil painting on a 10 ' X 8 ' canvas.

Suporn's form of vaginoplasty has been referred to as the Chonburi Flap or Suporn technique.

The Don Flap correction of vaginal agenesis, uses a technique similar to that of penile inversion, that sutures the labia minora together to create a neovagina.

* Flap reconstruction The second most common procedure uses tissue from other parts of the patient's body, such as the back, buttocks, thigh or abdomen.

Legally recognized good reasons for consent include ; surgery, activities within the rules of a game ( Mixed martial arts, wrestling, boxing, or contact sports ), bodily adornment ( R v Wilson ), or horseplay ( Jones and others ).

The English word " amputation " was first applied to surgery in the 17th century, possibly first in Peter Lowe's A discourse of the Whole Art of Chirurgerie ( published in either 1597 or 1612 ); his work was derived from 16th century French texts and early English writers also used the words " extirpation " ( 16th century French texts tended to use extirper ), " disarticulation ", and " dismemberment " ( from the Old French desmembrer and a more common term before the 17th century for limb loss or removal ), or simply " cutting ", but by the end of the 17th century " amputation " had come to dominate as the accepted medical term.

Using the SAFE strategy ( acronym for surgery for in-growing or in-turned lashes, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, and environmental improvements ), the World Health Organisation aims for the global elimination of trachoma by 2020 ( GET 2020 initiative ).

If the surgery is performed on very young patients ( 2 – 5 years old ), the remaining hemisphere may acquire some rudimentary motor control of the ipsilateral body ; in older patients, paralysis results on the side of the body opposite to the part of the brain that was removed.

Considerable enthusiasm has built around robotic surgery ( also known as robotic-assisted surgery ), despite a lack of data suggesting it has significant benefits that justify its cost.

The Ayurvedic classics mention eight branches of medicine: kāyācikitsā ( internal medicine ), śalyacikitsā ( surgery including anatomy ), śālākyacikitsā ( eye, ear, nose, and throat diseases ), kaumārabhṛtya ( pediatrics ), bhūtavidyā ( spirit medicine ), and agada tantra ( toxicology ), rasāyana

Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi ( Abulcasis ), who some have called the father of modern surgery, wrote the Kitab al-Tasrif ( 1000 ), a 30-volume medical encyclopedia which was taught at Muslim and European medical schools until the 17th century.

The most important organic causes are cardiovascular disease and diabetes, neurological problems ( for example, trauma from prostatectomy surgery ), hormonal insufficiencies ( hypogonadism ) and drug side effects.

Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery ( MIS ), bandaid surgery, or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique in which operations in the abdomen are performed through small incisions ( usually 0. 5 – 1. 5 cm ) as opposed to the larger incisions needed in laparotomy.

Many other surgeons feel that since they will have to make a larger incision for specimen removal anyway, they might as well use this incision to have their hand in the operative field during the procedure to aid as a retractor, dissector, and to be able to feel differing tissue densities ( palpate ), as they would in open surgery.

Due to improved patient outcomes, in the last two decades, laparoscopic surgery has been adopted by various surgical sub-specialties including gastrointestinal surgery ( including bariatric procedures for morbid obesity ), gynecologic surgery and urology.

The term abdominal surgery broadly covers surgical procedures that involve opening the abdomen.

Regarding breast-feeding capability after breast reduction surgery, studies reported that women who underwent breast reduction can retain the ability to nurse an infant child, when compared to women in a control group who underwent breast surgery using a modern pedicle surgical technique.

He published works on a number of subjects other than the thyroid gland including hemostasis, antiseptic treatments, surgical infectious diseases, on gunshot wounds, acute osteomyelitis, the theory of strangulated hernia, and abdominal surgery.

General surgery is a surgical specialty that focuses on abdominal contents including esophagus, stomach, small bowel, colon, liver, pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts, and often the thyroid gland ( depending on the availability of head and neck surgery specialists ).

The Suśrutasamhitā is notable for describing procedures on various forms of surgery, including rhinoplasty, the repair of torn ear lobes, perineal lithotomy, cataract surgery, and several other excisions and other surgical procedures.

The Sushruta Samhita describe 125 surgical instrument, 300 surgical procedures and classifies human surgery in 8 categories

Some patients who opt for surgical intervention continue to experience pain after surgery.

Keyhole surgery makes use of images displayed on TV monitors to magnify the surgical elements.

Surgical residents who wish to focus on this area of surgery gain additional laparoscopic surgery training during one or two years of fellowship after completing their basic surgical residency.

The Indian surgeon Sushruta described numerous surgical operations, including the earliest forms of plastic surgery.

These fellowships include pediatric neurosurgery, trauma / neurocritical care, functional and stereotactic surgery, surgical neuro-oncology, radiosurgery, neurovascular surgery, Interventional neuroradiology, peripheral nerve, spine surgery and skull base surgery.

Julius Comroe wrote: " Between 1901 and 1910, Alexis Carrel, using experimental animals, performed every feat and developed every technique known to vascular surgery today.

This is accomplished using a technique known as High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ( HIFU ), also called focused ultrasound surgery ( FUS ).

Alexis Carrel at the beginning of 20th century first described the technique for vascular suturing and anastomosis and successfully performed many organ transplantations in animals ; he thus actually opened the way to modern vascular surgery that was before limited to vessels permanent ligatation.

The environment and procedures used in surgery are governed by the principles of aseptic technique: the strict separation of " sterile " ( free of microorganisms ) things from " unsterile " or " contaminated " things.

However, the open technique caused greater scar tenderness during the first three months after surgery, and a longer time before the patients could return to work.

Morton, who was unaware of Long's previous work, was invited to the Massachusetts General Hospital to demonstrate his new technique for painless surgery.

The dermatologic subspecialty called Mohs surgery focuses on the excision of skin cancers using a tissue-sparing technique that allows intraoperative assessment of 100 % of the peripheral and deep tumor margins developed in the 1930s by Dr. Frederic E. Mohs.

Physicians trained in this technique must be comfortable with both pathology and surgery, and dermatologists receive extensive training in both during their residency.

Physicians who perform Mohs surgery can receive training in this specialized technique during their dermatology residency, but many will seek additional training either through preceptorships to join the American Society for Mohs Surgery or through formal one-to two-year Mohs surgery fellowship training programs administered by the American College of Mohs Surgery.

In this technique, a cast was applied after the surgery, usually under traction, to pull the curve as straight as possible, and then hold it there while fusion took place.

A European surgery called the Leriche technique, in which an 18 gauge needle is used to lacerate the plaque, has shown effectiveness at reducing curvature and returning sexual function.

Off-pump coronary artery bypass ( OPCAB ) is a technique of performing bypass surgery without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass ( the heart-lung machine ).

Further refinements to OPCAB have resulted in minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery ( MIDCAB ), a technique of performing bypass surgery through a 5 to 10 cm incision.

As compared with the open fetal surgery technique, fetoscopic repair of myelomeningocele has resulted in higher rates of fetal death, premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, oligohydramnios, premature delivery, and persistent hindbrain herniation.

– S / M – sacred prostitution – Marquis de Sade – sadism – sadist – sadomasochism – sadomasochistic sacrifice – safe sex – safe, sane and consensual – safer sex – safeword – saliromania – salirophilia – salpingectomy – salpingitis – same-sex marriage – same-sex partnership – sanitary napkin – sanitary pad – sanitary towel – sanky-panky – sapphic – sapphism – saptha padhi – Sarcoptes scabiei – satan worship – satyr – satyriasis – saucy seaside postcard-sausage party – scabies – scarfing – scarification – scat – scatology – scatophilia – scene ( BDSM ) – scopophilia – scoptolagnia – scoptophilia – scratching ( sexology ) – Screw magazine – scrotal inflation – scrotal infusion – scrotal piercing – scrotal stretching – scrotum – scuba fetishism – second skin – secondary sex characteristic – secondary virginity – secret vice – secular law – seduction – see-through clothing – self-abuse – self-bondage – self-isolation – semen – semen allergy – semen swapping – semen-loss anxiety – semen-loss syndrome – semeniferous tubules – seminal colliculus – seminal plasma – seminal plasma hypersensitivity – seminal vesicle – seminiferous tubules – sensate focus – sensate focus exercises – sensate focusing – sensation play ( BDSM ) – sensory compensation – sensory deprivation – sensory enhancement – sensory overload – sensuality – separatist feminism – septa of testis – septum of the penis – seraglio – serendipitous – serial killing – serial monogamy – seronegative – seropositive – serosorting – serotonin – serous tumor – Sertoli cell – Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor – service-oriented – session wrestler – seven-year itch – sex – sex act – sex addict – sex addiction – sex adjunctive – sex adventitious – sex aid – sex allergy – sex assignment – sex boutique – sex change – sex chromatin – sex client – sex club – sex coaching – sex compulsion – sex cord-stromal tumor – sex crime – sex derivative – sex diet – sex doll – sex drive – sex education – sex flush – sex game – sex hormone – sex hormone binding globulin – sex hotel – sex hotline – sex industry-sex in space – sex irreducible – sex machine – sex magic – sex magick – sex manual – sex museum – sex nexus – sex object – sex of rearing – sex offender – sex parties – sex position – sex reassignment ( disambiguation ) – sex reassignment surgery – sex reassignment surgery female-to-male – sex reassignment surgery male-to-female – sex restaurant – sex ring – sex role – sex scandal – sex shop – sex show – sex steroid – sex strike – sex surrogate – sex symbol – sex tape – sex therapist – sex therapy – sex tourism – sex toy – sex traffic – sex trafficking – sex urge – sex with your ex – sex worker – sex-contact magazine – sex-determining system – sex-hormone therapy – sex-positive – sex-positive feminism – Sexaholics Anonymous – sexercise – sexism – sexless marriage – Sexmuseum – sexological education – sexologist – sexology – sexosophy – sexploitation – sexsomnia-sexting – sexual aberration – sexual abstinence – sexual abuse – sexual acronyms – sexual act – sexual activities – sexual addiction – sexual anatomy – sexual anomalies – sexual arousal – sexual assault – sexual attraction – sexual availability – Sexual Behavior in the Human Female – Sexual Behavior in the Human Male – sexual bondage – sexual characteristics ( disambiguation ) – sexual child abuse – sexual compulsion – Sexual Compulsives Anonymous – sexual confidence – sexual congress – sexual continence – sexual desire – sexual development – sexual deviancy -- sexual deviant – sexual deviation – sexual differentiation – sexual dimorphism – sexual dissatisfaction – sexual drive – sexual dysfunction – sexual equality – sexual ethics – sexual ethnology – sexual exploitation – sexual fantasy – sexual fetish – sexual fetishism – sexual fetishist – sexual fidelity – sexual flush – Sexual Freedom Coalition – sexual frequency – sexual frustration – sexual game – sexual harassment – sexual health – sexual health clinic – sexual history – sexual inadequacy – sexual identity – sexual intercourse – sexual intimacy – sexual inversion – sexual jealousy – sexual liberation – sexual lubricant – sexual malfunction – sexual maturation – sexual maturity – sexual medicine – sexual misconduct – sexual morality – sexual mores – sexual network – sexual norm – sexual orientation – Sexual orientation and Wicca – Sexual orientation change efforts – Sexual Identity Therapy – sexual outlet – sexual partner – sexual perversion – sexual perversity – sexual politics – sexual predator – sexual problem – sexual prop – sexual prowess – sexual reassignment surgery – sexual rehearsal play – sexual revolution – sexual ritual – sexual roleplaying – sexual sadism – sexual script – sexual slang – sexual slavery – sexual stimulation – sexual surrogate – sexual tension – sexual trophy – sexual violence – sexuality – sexuality education – sexuality in older age – Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States – obsessive-compulsive disorder and sexuality – sexually active – sexually dimorphic nucleus – sexually transmissible disease – sexually transmitted disease – sexually violent predator – sexuoerotic – sexuoerotic tragedy – sexuoerotic body image fixation – sexuoeroticism – shaving ( sexology ) – shemale – shidduch – shim-pua marriage – shocker ( hand gesture ) – shoe dangling – shoe fetishism – shotacon – shotgun wedding – showers ( sexology ) – shunga – shyness – side entry missionary position – siderodromophilia – SIECUS – sigheh – significant other – Volkmar Sigusch – sildenafil citrate – Silver Ring Thing – Sin City ( description ) – sindoor – single – single mother – single parent – single status affidavit – singles bar – sinus ( disambiguation ) – sissy – sissy boy – sitophilia – situational child molester – situational sexual behaviour – sixty-nine – size queen – Skene's ducts – Skene's gland – Skene's glands – Skoptzy – slap and tickle-slapper – slapping ( BDSM ) – slave ( BDSM ) – sleep sex – sleeping princess syndrome – sleeping together – sleepsex – sling – sloppy seconds – slut – smegma – smoking fetishism – smotherbox – snapping pussy – snowballing – soapland – social distancing – social host liability-social vice – Society for Human Sexuality – Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality – sociobiological theories of rape – sodomy – sodomy law – soft butch – soft chancre – softcore pornography – soggy biscuit – soiree-soixante-neuf – solicitation – soliciting – solitary vice – sologamy – solosexuality – somatic – somatotropin – somesthetic – somnophilia – sororal polygyny – sororate marriage – sounding – spandex fetishism – spanking – Spartan pederasty – spay – spectrophilia – speculum – speed dating – sperm – sperm bank – sperm competition – sperm count – sperm donation – sperm donor – sperm motility – sperm sample – spermatic cord – spermatic duct – spermatid – spermatidogenesis – spermatocele – spermatocyte – spermatocytogenesis – spermatogenesis – spermatogonium – spermatophobia – spermatophore – spermatorrhea – spermatozoa – spermatozoon – spermicide – spermiogenesis – sphincter – spinnbarkeit – spinster – spin the bottle-spiritual marriage – spiritual wifery – spit roast ( sex ) – spitting fetishism – splanchnic nerves – splash conception – split beaver – splitting – sploshing – spoiled orgasm – spongy urethra – spoons position – spousal abuse – spreadeagle – squashing of the deckchair position – squeeze technique – stag party – stalking – standing sex position – stapling ( sexology ) – statutory rape – STD – STD clinic – STD testing – steatopygia – stem pessary – stereocilia ( epididymis ) – sterility – human sterilization ( surgical procedure ) – steroid hormones – STI – stigmatic / eligibilic paraphilia – stigmatophilia – stimulus-response theory – Stockholm syndrome – stocking fetishism – Stonewall riots – stop and go exercises – stop-start technique – Marie Stopes – Story of O – strangling ( sexology ) – strangulation – strap-on dildo – Street Offences Act 1959 – street prostitution – streetwalker – stretching ( sexology ) – string bondage – strip poker – strip pub – strip search – stripping – stripping fetishism – striptease – stroma of ovary – stuffing ( fetish ) – stuffing ( sexology ) – subbing – subcutaneous tissue of penis – subfertility – subincision – sublimation – subliminal tape – submission – submission ( BDSM ) – submissive ( BDSM ) – subpersonality – succubus – sugar daddy – supernumerary nipple – support group – surface epithelial-stromal tumor – surgical fetishism – surrendered wife – surrogate mother – suspension – suspensory ligament of the ovary – suspensory ligament of the penis – suttee – suturing ( sexology ) – swara – swayamvara – sweetheart – sweetheart scam – swimsuit fetishism – swing ( sexology ) – swing club – swinger – swinging – swinging both ways – swish – switch ( BDSM ) – switch ( sexuality ) – sworn virgin – Swyer syndrome – Sybian – sympathetic nervous system – symphorophilia – symphysis pubis dysfunction – symptothermal method – synechial membrane – syphilis –