* January 1-Paulo Ganem Souto becomes Governor of Bahia.

He was the second son of King Afonso II of Portugal and his wife, Urraca of Castile ; he succeeded his brother, King Sancho II of Portugal, who was removed from the throne on 4 January 1248.

Afonso V (, originally Affonso ) KG ( 15 January 1432 – 28 August 1481 ), called the African (), was King of Portugal and the Algarves.

* January 24 – Afonso Mendes, appointed by Pope Gregory XV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa.

* January 8 – Pope Nicholas V publishes Romanus Pontifex, an encyclical addressed to King Afonso V of Portugal, which sanctions the conquest of non-Christian lands, and the reduction of native non-Christian populations to ' perpetual slavery '.

* January 7 – Portuguese king Afonso IV sends three men to kill Ines de Castro, beloved of his son prince Pedro – Pedro revolts and incites a civil war.

* January 15 – King Afonso V of Portugal ( d. 1481 )

The pope issued a bull of deposition in favour of Afonso, who reached Lisbon in 1246 ; and after a civil war lasting two years Sancho II retired to Toledo, where he died in January 1248.

Sancho II (), nicknamed " the Pious " () and " the Caped " or " the Capuched " ( Portuguese: o Capelo ), King of Portugal ( 8 September 1209, Coimbra – 4 January 1248, Toledo ), was the eldest son of Afonso II of Portugal by his wife, Infanta Urraca of Castile.

The youngest son of John IV and being created Duke of Beja, he was appointed regent for his insane brother, Afonso VI, in January 1668, shortly before Spanish recognition of Portugal's restoration of independence.

* João Afonso Esteves da Azambuja ( 6 June 1411-23 January 1415 )

Regardless, it was only in the following year that King Afonso V of Portugal " recognized " these new discoveries ( 20 January 1453 ), and donated them to his uncle, Afonso, Duke of Braganza and Count of Barcelos.

He became King Afonso III of Portugal on 4 January 1248.

Coelho left Portugal for a third time on April 14, 1503 as captain of the " Faial " with the armada of Afonso de Albuquerque, but died while returning home to Portugal in January 1504 along with Francisco de Albuquerque, Afonso's cousin, near the shallows of São Lázaro, modern day Quirimbas Islands, Mozambique.

Nevada Stoody Hayes ( born at Sandyville, Ohio, USA on 21 October 1885, and died at Tampa, Florida, on 11 January 1941 ), sometimes called Nevada de Bragança, was an American socialite who became the wife of Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto, whose nephew, Manuel II, was the last king of Portugal.

Afonso Alves Martins Júnior ( born 30 January 1981 ) is a Brazilian footballer who currently plays for Qatari club Al Gharafa as a striker.

In 1990, singer George Michael drew inspiration from Peter Lindbergh's January 1990 British Vogue cover ( which features Turlington, Campbell, Evangelista, Crawford and Patitz ) for his " Freedom " video.

Maximilian of Saxony ( full name: Maximilian Maria Joseph Anton Johann Baptist Johann Evangelista Ignaz Augustin Xavier Aloys Johann Nepomuk Januar Hermenegild Agnellis Paschalis ) ( Dresden, 13 April 1759 – Dresden, 3 January 1838 ), was German prince and a member of the House of Wettin.

On 6 January 2010, Vieira unusually played as starter against Chievo, which was his eighth league start of the season.

Following the assassination of former navy commander Mohamed Lamine Sanha in early January 2007, Gomes accused Vieira of involvement in the killing in an interview with Lusa on 8 January.

Ultimately Vieira returned to Portugal with a papal bull exempting him from the jurisdiction of the grand inquisitor, and in January 1681 he embarked for Brazil.

He marked his 29th Birthday with a goal in the 6 – 0 win against Portsmouth on 21 September 2008, while his eighth Premier League red card against Wigan Athletic in January 2009 equalled a record set by Patrick Vieira and Duncan Ferguson.

He married in Santa Isabel, Lisbon, in March 1911 Maria das Dores Formosinho Vieira ( Silves, Silves, January 6, 1880-December 22, 1949 ) and had four daughters.

* 1911 – Sun Yat-sen becomes the provisional President of the Republic of China ; he formally takes office on January 1, 1912.

* 1959 – Fidel Castro becomes Premier of Cuba after dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown on January 1.

Sometimes a head of state assumes office as a state becomes legal and political reality, before a formal title for the highest office is determined ; thus in the since 1 January 1960 independent republic Cameroon ( Cameroun, a former French colony ), the first President, Ahmadou Babatoura Ahidjo, was at first not styled président but ' merely ' known as Chef d ' état ( literal French for ' Head of State ') until 5 May 1960 ; in Uganda, military coup leader since 25 January 1971 Idi Amin was formally styled military head of State till 21 February 1971, only from then on regular ( but unconstitutional, not elected ) President.

A Viking longship is burnt during Edinburgh's annual Hogmanay celebrations ( though Edinburgh has no historical connection with the Norse invaders ). When Ne ' erday falls on a Sunday, 3 January becomes an additional public holiday in Scotland ; when Ne ' erday falls on a Saturday, both 3 and 4 January will be public holidays in Scotland ; when Ne ' erday falls on a Friday, 4 January becomes an additional public holiday in Scotland.

* 2 January 1994-S Jayakumar becomes the Minister for Foreign Affairs.

Still farther to the south, however, the Anti-Lebanon Mountains bar the rains from the Mediterranean, and the area, including the capital city of Damascus, becomes part of the semiarid climatic zone of the steppe, with precipitation averaging less than a year and with temperatures from in January to in July and August.

Prime Minister of Canada | Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King becomes the first person to take the Oath of Citizenship ( Canada ) | Oath of Citizenship, from Chief Justice of Canada | Chief Justice Thibaudeau Rinfret, in the Supreme Court of Canada | Supreme Court, 3 January 1947

In January 2012, " Talking to the Universe " becomes her seventh consecutive number-one hit on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs chart.

* January 7 – Brunei becomes the 6th member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ).

* January 22 – Madeleine Albright becomes the first female Secretary of State, after confirmation by the United States Senate.

* January 2 – Luis Muñoz Marín becomes the first democratically elected Governor of Puerto Rico.

* January 5 – Russell Endean becomes the first batsman to be dismissed for having handled the ball in test match cricket.

* January 10 – Harold Macmillan becomes the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

* January 26 – Elvis Presley steps into American Studios in Memphis, Tennessee, recording " Long Black Limousine " thus beginning the recording of what becomes his landmark comeback sessions for the albums From Elvis in Memphis and Back in Memphis.

** John Fairfax lands in Hollywood Beach, Florida near Miami and becomes the first person to row across an ocean solo, after 180 days spent at sea on board 25 ' ocean rowboat ' Britannia ' ( left Gran Canaria on January 20, 1969 ).

January 22: King Edward VII ascends the British monarchy | British throne and also becomes Emperor of India.

* January 5 – The Daily Mail becomes the first transoceanic newspaper.

* January 31 – American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.

* January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the fourth U. S. state under the new government.