On November 6, 1860, Lincoln was elected the 16th president of the United States, beating Democrat Stephen A. Douglas, John C. Breckinridge of the Southern Democrats, and John Bell of the new Constitutional Union Party.

* Bell, John D. Peasants in Power: Alexander Stamboliski and the Bulgarian Agrarian National Union, 1899 – 1923 ( 1923 )

Johnson succeeded in getting the bank appointments he wanted, in return for his endorsement of John Bell for one of the state's U. S. Senate seats.

Time was also taken up in a controversy involving his Senate colleague from Tennessee, John Bell, a leading Whig.

He attributed its origin to John W. Tukey, who had written a Bell Labs memo on 9 January 1947 in which he contracted " binary digit " to simply " bit ".

* John Lane Bell: A Primer of Infinitesimal Analysis, Cambridge University Press, 1998.

* 1864 – American Civil War: Franklin-Nashville Campaign – Battle of Nashville – Major General George H. Thomas's Union forces defeat Lieutenant General John Bell Hood's Confederate Army of Tennessee.

* 2005 – Mary Hayley Bell, English dramatist, wife of Sir John Mills ( b. 1911 )

In 1964, John Bell showed that the predictions of quantum mechanics in the EPR thought experiment are significantly different from the predictions of a particular class of hidden variable theories ( the local hidden variable theories ).

In contrast, John Bell, in his 1964 paper, showed that quantum mechanics and the class of hidden variable theories Einstein favored would lead to different experimental results: different by a factor of for certain correlations.

* John S. Bell ( 1987 ) Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics.

Scots-born migrants that played a leading role in the foundation and development of the United States included cleric and revolutionary John Witherspoon, sailor John Paul Jones, industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie and scientist and inventor Alexander Graham Bell.

In 1956, John Bardeen shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with William Shockley of Semiconductor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments and Walter Brattain of Bell Telephone Laboratories " for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect ".

* 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Peachtree Creek – Near Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate forces led by General John Bell Hood unsuccessfully attack Union troops under General William T. Sherman.

* 1831 – John Bell Hood, American general ( d. 1879 )

Bell also used the humorous possibilities of the Cones Hotline, a means for the public to inform the authorities of potentially unnecessary traffic cones, which was part of the Citizen's Charter project established by John Major.

Polk ran against fellow Tennessean John Bell for Speaker, and, after ten ballots, Bell won.

* 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta – outside Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.

He did relieve the cautious but capable Joseph E. Johnston and replaced him with the reckless John Bell Hood, resulting in the loss of Atlanta and the eventual loss of an army.

Some years later, in 1953, Grainger wrote a work titled Bell Piece ( Ramble on John Dowland ’ s ‘ Now, O now I needs must part ’), which was a version scored for voice and wind band, based on his previously mentioned transcription.

* 1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea: Confederate General John Bell Hood invades Tennessee in an unsuccessful attempt to draw Union General William T. Sherman from Georgia.

* 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Franklin – The Army of Tennessee led by General John Bell Hood mounts a dramatically unsuccessful frontal assault on Union positions commanded by John McAllister Schofield around Franklin, Tennessee, with Hood losing six generals and almost a third of his troops.

* 1682 – John Hadley, English mathematician and inventor of the octant ( d. 1744 )

Sir Andrew John Wiles, KBE, FRS ( born 11 April 1953 ) is a British mathematician and a Royal Society Research Professor at Oxford University, specializing in number theory.

* 1834 – John Venn, English mathematician ( d. 1923 )

The first climber to actually make bouldering his primary specialty ( in the mid 1950s ) and to advocate its acceptance as a legitimate sport not restricted to a particular area was John Gill, a mathematician and amateur gymnast who found the challenge and movement of bouldering enjoyable.

On June 30, 1945, before ENIAC was made, mathematician John von Neumann distributed the paper entitled First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC.

It was discovered in 1874 by Henry John Stephen Smith and introduced by German mathematician Georg Cantor in 1883.

As a serious proposal, it was first suggested by mathematician John Von Neumann in the late 1940s when he proposed a kinematic self-reproducing automaton model as a thought experiment.

* 1937 – John Horton Conway, British mathematician

< td >( Pell's equation ) which is named after the English mathematician John Pell.

Fermat was not the first mathematician so moved to write in his own marginal notes to Diophantus ; the Byzantine scholar John Chortasmenos ( 14th / 15th C .) had written " Thy soul, Diophantus, be with Satan because of the difficulty of your theorems " next to the same problem.

Other names connected to the city include Max Born, physicist and Nobel laureate ; Charles Darwin, the biologist who discovered natural selection ; David Hume, a philosopher, economist and historian ; James Hutton, regarded as the " Father of Geology "; John Napier inventor of logarithms ; chemist and one of the founders of thermodynamics Joseph Black ; pioneering medical researchers Joseph Lister and James Young Simpson ; chemist and discoverer of the element nitrogen, Daniel Rutherford ; mathematician and developer of the Maclaurin series, Colin Maclaurin and Ian Wilmut, the geneticist involved in the cloning of Dolly the sheep just outside Edinburgh.

Oxford made the acquaintance of the mathematician and astrologer John Dee in the winter of 1570 and became interested in occultism, studying magic and conjuring.

* 1916 – John Crank, British mathematician ( d. 2006 )

Freeman John Dyson FRS ( born December 15, 1923 ) is a British-born American theoretical physicist and mathematician, famous for his work in quantum electrodynamics, solid-state physics, astronomy and nuclear engineering.

* Conway's Game of Life, a cellular automaton devised by mathematician John Horton Conway

Scottish mathematician and physicist John Napier noted multiplication and division of numbers could be performed by addition and subtraction, respectively, of logarithms of those numbers.

* John Wesley Young ( 1879 – 1932 ), American mathematician

* 1928 – John Forbes Nash, Jr., American mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate

* 1945 – John Derbyshire, English-American mathematician

John Napier of Merchiston ( 1550 – 4 April 1617 ) – also signed as Neper, Nepair – named Marvellous Merchiston, was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer and astrologer.

* John Forbes Nash, Jr. ( born 1928 ), American mathematician, 1994 Nobel Economics laureate, subject of the book and film titled A Beautiful Mind

The Prize named after mathematician John von Neumann is awarded for a body of work, rather than a single piece.

* 1611 – John Pell, English mathematician ( d. 1685 )

* 1616 – John Wallis, English mathematician ( d. 1703 )

The UK mathematician Thomas John I ' Anson Bromwich later devised a rigorous mathematical justification for Heaviside's operator method.