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* Lao Issara, Day of the Free Laos.
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Lao and Issara
He is minister of defense of Resistance Government ( of the Neo Lao Issara ) the from 1950.
In August 1950, Souphanouvong convened the first congress of the Lao Freedom Front ( Neo Lao Issara ) — more generally known as the Pathet Lao-which served as the vehicle for the communist challenge to French rule.
He is chairman of the Neo Lao Issara ( since 1956, Neo Lao Hak Xat ) and Resistance Government.
Sympathetic to the white colonial French occupation of Laos, he commanded a force of 15, 000 that fought Japanese troops and the Lao Issara in the south of Laos.
He was the leader of the Lao Issara movement.
He left for Thailand in 1946 to head the Lao Issara government-in-exile.
Souvanna Phouma, together with his brother, Prince Phetsarath Rattanavongsa ( 1891 – 1959 ) and his half-brother, Prince Souphanouvong ( 1909 – 1995 ), at around the end of World War II, joined Lao Issara ( Free Laos ) movement established to counter the French occupation and its provisional Vientiane government ( 1945 – 46 ).
The following month, Phoumi cooperated with Free French forces when they briefly seized the town of Sam Neua, but subsequently he joined the anti-colonialist Lao Issara movement and worked closely with the Viet Minh to oppose the return of French authority in Indochina.
In 1946, after the French reasserted their authority in Laos, Phoumi made his way to northern Thailand where for the next three years he was active in the Lao Issara.
At the end of 1949, having refused to accept the offer of amnesty upon dissolution of the Lao Issara government-in-exile in Thailand, Phoumi was one of the handful of Lao who joined Souphanouvong in northern Vietnam.
There he attended the founding congress of the Neo Lao Issara ( the Free Laos Front ).
The Franco – Lao Treaty of Amity and Association signed 22 October 1953, transferred remaining French powers – except control of military affairs – to the Royal Lao Government – which did not include any representatives from the Lao Issara anti-colonial armed nationalist movement — and otherwise establishing Laos as an independent member of the French Union.
In October, 1945, a Lao nationalist movement called Lao Issara ( Free Laos ) was founded as a new government for Laos.
The former became the titular founder of Lao Issara.
However, the Lao Issara never gained more than a tenuous hold on the entirety of Laos.
For these, and other reasons, Lao Issara could not hold the country against the returning French colonial government and its troops.
The Lao Issara troops suffered 700 killed.
This was coupled with a thrust to the north by the French forces, from Vientiane to Luang Prabang, that chased Phetsarath and the Lao Issara ministers out of Laos.
Lao and Day
* Pathet Lao Day ( Laos )
Lao and Free
Thompson used his contacts with the Free Thai and Free Lao groups to gather information and defuse conflicts on Thailand's borders.
* Lao Issara ( failed Free Lao movement )
In 1945-1946, the Free Lao government in Vientiane issued a series of paper money in denominations of 10, 20 and 50 att and 10 kip before the French authorities took control of the region.
Lao and Laos
To find out, we traveled throughout that part of Laos still nominally controlled, in the daytime at least, by the Royal Lao Army: from Attopeu, the City of Buffalo Dung in the southeast, to Muong Sing, the City of Lions in the northwest, close to Communist China ( map, page 250 ).
We were told that to the Pathet Lao, a kidnaped American was worth at least $750, a fortune in Laos.
The Laos government said four major Pathet Lao rebel attacks had been launched, heavily supported by troops from Communist North Viet Nam.
* Lao New Year in Laos – April 13
** Lao New Year, or Songkan / Pi Mai Lao, generally celebrated from 13 to 15 April ( Laos )
* 1975 – Pathet Lao seizes power in Laos, and establishes the Lao People's Democratic Republic.
The earliest Laos legal document ( and the earliest sociological evidence about the existence of the Lao people ) is known as " the laws of Khun Borom " ( also spelled " Khun Bulom "), still preserved in manuscript form .< ref >
Although the Mekong was established as a border by French colonial forces, travel from one side to the other has been significantly limited only since the establishment of the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( LPDR, or Laos ) in 1975.
Laos shares its short — only 541 kilometers — southern border with Cambodia, and ancient Khmer ruins at Wat Pho and other southern locations attest to the long history of contact between the Lao and the Khmer.
As of November 2010, Lao officials plan to convert the station into a rail cargo terminal for freight trains, allowing cargo to be transported from Bangkok into Laos at a lower cost than would be possible with road transport.
Laos has constructed a new highway connecting Savannakhet to the Vietnamese border at Lao Bao, with funding coming from the Japanese government.
The foreign relations of Laos, after the takeover by the Pathet Lao in December 1975, were characterized by a hostile posture toward the West, with the government of the Lao People's Democratic Republic aligning itself with the Soviet bloc, maintaining close ties with the Soviet Union and depending heavily on the Soviets for most of its foreign assistance.
When Japan surrendered, Lao nationalists declared Laos independent, but by early 1946, French troops had reoccupied the country and conferred limited autonomy on Laos.
It is similar to other Indochinese kickboxing systems, namely pradal serey from Cambodia, tomoi from Malaysia, lethwei from Burma and muay Lao from Laos.
** Pi Mai Lao ( Lao: ປ ີ ໃໝ ່ Songkan ) in Laos
They include Thai and Lao, the national languages of Thailand and Laos respectively.
* December 2 – In Laos, the communist party of the Pathet Lao takes over Vientiane and defeat the Kingdom of Laos which ends the Laotian Civil War but the ongoing Insurgency in Laos begins with the Pathet Lao fighting the Hmongs, Royalist-in-exile and the Right-wings.
Lao and .
A traditional Lao explanation is that the moon was being swallowed by a toad, and the remedy was to make all possible noise, ideally with firearms.
The Pathet Lao forces held two northern provinces and openly took the offensive in three more.
The Pathet Lao, stiffened by Communist Veterans from neighboring North Viet Nam, were supplied by Soviet aircraft.
The Royal Lao Army, on the other hand, was paid and equipped with American funds.
Now Pathet Lao propagandists were reported marching him barefoot from village to village, as evidence of evil American intervention.
We had nearly decided that all the tales of Lao lethargy must be true, when we were invited to take a trip with the Prime Minister.
The soldiers are fighting and the Americans are helping, he said, but in the fight against the Pathet Lao the key factor is the villager himself.
This is the most endearing of Lao ceremonies.
The United States hopes that any future Lao Cabinet would not become Communist dominated.
But the Communists aided the Pathet Lao at an even faster rate.
And after several correspondents went into Pathet Lao territory and exposed the huge build-up, administration spokesmen acclaimed them for performing a `` great service '' and laid the matter before the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization.
The pro-Western government, which the United States had helped in a revolt against the Souvanna Phouma `` neutralist '' government, never did appear to spark much fighting spirit in the Royal Lao Army.
Prince Souvanna Phouma, leader of the nation's neutralists and recognized as Premier by the Communist bloc, and Prince Souphanouvong, head of the pro-Communist Pathet Lao forces.
* Vientiane Buffalos RUFC, a semi-pro rugby union football club from Vientiane, Lao P. D. R., consisting mostly of expatriate players
The Khmer language has influenced, and also been influenced by, Thai, Lao, Vietnamese and Cham, all of which, due to geographical proximity and long-term cultural contact, form a sprachbund in peninsular Southeast Asia.
Khmer differs from neighboring languages such as Thai, Lao and Vietnamese in that it is not a tonal language.
This has resulted in a distinct accent influenced by the surrounding tonal languages, Lao and Thai, lexical differences and phonemic differences in both vowels and distribution of consonants.
The language of this transition period, from about the 14th to 18th centuries, is referred to as Middle Khmer and saw borrowing from Thai, Lao and, to a lesser extent, Vietnamese.
* Lao Zi, the chief of Taoist school.
The most popular brands include Shaoxing Lao Jiu, Shaoxing Hua Diao and Te Jia Fan.
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