* 1965 – The Mariner 4 flyby of Mars takes the first close-up photos of another planet.

# REDIRECT Mariner 4

rightMariner 3 and Mariner 4 were Mars flyby missions.

Its sister ship, Mariner 4, launched on November 28, 1964, was the first successful flyby of the planet Mars and gave the first glimpse of Mars at close range.

Mariner 4 ( together with Mariner 3 known as Mariner-Mars 1964 ) was the fourth in a series of spacecraft, launched on November 28, 1964, intended for planetary exploration in a flyby mode and performed the first successful flyby of the planet Mars, returning the first pictures of the Martian surface.

Mariner 4 was designed to conduct closeup scientific observations of Mars and to transmit these observations to Earth.

On December 21, 1967 communications with Mariner 4 were terminated.

The Mariner 4 spacecraft consisted of an octagonal magnesium frame, 127 cm across a diagonal and 45. 7 cm high.

Mariner 4 is prepared for a weight test on 1 November 1963

The electrical power for the instruments and the radio transmitter of Mariner 4 was supplied by 28, 224 solar cells contained in the four 176 x 90 cm solar panels, which could provide 310 watts at the distance of Mars.

Mariner 4 was the first space probe that needed a star for a navigational reference object, since earlier missions, which remained near either the Earth, the Moon, or the planet Venus, had sighted onto either the bright face of the home planet or the brightly lit target.

The telecommunications equipment on Mariner 4 consisted of dual S-band transmitters ( with either a seven-watt triode cavity amplifier or a ten watt traveling-wave tube amplifier ) and a single radio receiver which together could send and receive data via the low-and high-gain antennas at 8⅓ or 33⅓ bits per second.

Launch of Mariner 4

After launch from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 12 the protective shroud covering Mariner 4 was jettisoned and the Agena D / Mariner 4 combination separated from the Atlas D booster at 14: 27: 23 UTC on November 28, 1964.

Mariner 4 separated from the Agena D at 15: 07: 09 and began cruise mode operations.

The 7½ months of flight of Mariner 4 involved one midcourse maneuver on December 5, 1964.

After the maneuver, Mariner 4 was on course for Mars as planned.

At 02: 19: 11 UT Mariner 4 passed behind Mars as seen from Earth and the radio signal ceased.

On December 21, 1967 communications with Mariner 4 were terminated.

The images returned showed a Moon-like cratered terrain, which later missions showed was not typical for Mars, but only for the more ancient region imaged by Mariner 4.

* 1962 – The Mariner 2 unmanned space mission is launched to Venus by NASA.

* 1969 – Mariner program: Mariner 7 makes its closest fly-by of Mars ( 3, 524 kilometers ).

* 1962 – NASA's Mariner 2 becomes the first spacecraft to fly by Venus.

* 1962 – Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.

Opium was for him what wandering and moral tale-telling became for the Mariner – the personal shape of repetition compulsion.

* 1971 – Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched to map 70 % of the surface, and to study temporal changes in the atmosphere and surface, of Mars.

A second-generation Mariner spacecraft, called the Mariner Mark II series, eventually evolved into the Cassini – Huygens probe, now in orbit around Saturn.

* Mariner 1 – Destroyed shortly after liftoff.

* Mariner 2 – Defunct after successful mission, occupies a heliocentric orbit.

* Mariner 3 – Malfunctioned.

Mariner 5 – Defunct.

* Mariner 6 – Defunct.

* Mariner 7 – Defunct.

* Mariner 8 – Destroyed in a launch vehicle failure.

* Mariner 9 – Shut off.

Status: Mariner 10 – Defunct.

hu: Mariner – 4

Martians, other than human beings transplanted to Mars, became rare in fiction after Mariner, except in exercises of deliberate nostalgia – more frequently in some genres, such as comics and animation, than in written literature.

* 1974 – NASA's Mariner 10 becomes the first spaceprobe to fly by Mercury.

" An example of a so-called " Jonah " would be that of the sailor in Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, who was cursed to be lost at sea after he killed an albatross.

Of the ten vehicles in the Mariner series, seven were successful and three were lost.

Mariner 3 was lost when the launch vehicle's nose fairing failed to jettison.

rightMariner 8 and Mariner 9 were identical sister craft designed to map the Martian surface simultaneously, but Mariner 8 was lost in a launch vehicle failure.

On July 29, 1969, less than a week before closest approach, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory lost contact with Mariner 7.

* " The Lost Mariner ", about Jimmie G., who has lost the ability to form new memories due to Korsakoff's syndrome.

In 1992 the Seattle Mariner players signed a petition to have their official scorer replaced, and in 2001 the management of the Boston Red Sox ordered that a rookie scorer not be allowed to score another game after pitcher Hideo Nomo lost a no-hitter on a close play in right field that was ruled a hit rather than an error.

All 14 airmen on the flight were lost, as were all 13 crew members of a PBM Mariner flying boat assumed by professional investigators to have exploded in mid-air while searching for the flight.