The civilization, with a writing system, urban centers, and diversified social and economic system, was rediscovered in the 1920s after excavations at Mohenjo-daro ( which means " mound of the dead ") in Sindh near Sukkur, and Harappa, in west Punjab south of Lahore.

Mohenjo-daro was abandoned in the 19th century BCE, and was not rediscovered until 1922.

Fleet, prompting an excavation campaign under Sir John Hubert Marshall in 1921 – 22 and resulting in the discovery of the civilization at Harappa by Sir John Marshall, Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni and Madho Sarup Vats, and at Mohenjo-daro by Rakhal Das Banerjee, E. J. H. MacKay, and Sir John Marshall.

However, in the 1980s, German and Italian survey groups led by Dr. Michael Jansen and Dr. Maurizio Tosi used less invasive archeological techniques, such as architectural documentation, surface surveys and localized probing, to gather further information about Mohenjo-daro.

By 2600 BC, Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, major cities of the Indus Valley Civilization ( present day Pakistan ), were built with blocks divided by a grid of straight streets, running north-south and east-west.

Terracotta female figurines * were uncovered by archaeologists in excavations of Mohenjo-daro ( 3000-1500 BC ) in what is now Pakistan.

Or it may be that Harappa succeeded Mohenjo-daro, which is known to have been devastated more than once by exceptional floods.

* Archaeological Ruins of Mohenjo-daro on Global Heritage Network

Distinct characteristics of urban planning from remains of the cities of Harappa, Lothal, and Mohenjo-daro in the Indus Valley Civilization ( in modern-day northwestern India and Pakistan ) lead archeologists to conclude that they are the earliest examples of deliberately planned and managed cities.

At its height, the Indus Civilization spanned much of what is now Pakistan and North India, extending westwards to the Iranian border, south to Gujarat in India and northwards to an outpost in Bactria, with major urban centers at Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Lothal, Kalibangan, Dholavira and Rakhigarhi.

The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro become large metropolises and the civilization expands to over 2, 500 cities and settlements across the whole of Pakistan, much of northern India, and parts of Afghanistan and Iran, covering a region of around one million square miles, which was larger than the land area of its contemporaries Egypt and Mesopotamia combined, and also had superior urban planning and sewage systems.

Early evidence of dyeing comes from India where a piece of cotton dyed with madder has been recovered from the archaeological site at Mohenjo-daro ( 3rd millennium BCE ).

* 2600s – Mohenjo-daro, the ancient city of India and modern Pakistan was built.

Other more recent findings, dated between 7, 000 and 6, 395 BC, come from Jericho, Catal Hüyük, and the ancient Indus Valley cities of Buhen, Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, and Mehrgarh.

Mohenjo-daro, a World Heritage site that was part of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Among the early Old World cities, Mohenjo-daro of the Indus Valley Civilization in present-day Pakistan, existing from about 2600 BC, was one of the largest, with a population of 50, 000 or more.

Though the structures found in the ruins of Mohenjo-daro were walled, it is far from clear that these structures were defensive against enemy attacks.

The two greatest cities, Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, emerged circa 2600 BCE along the Indus River valley in Punjab and Sindh.

Both Mohenjo-daro and Harappa are generally characterized as having " differentiated living quarters, flat-roofed brick houses, and fortified administrative or religious centers.

" Although such similarities have given rise to arguments for the existence of a standardized system of urban layout and planning, the similarities are largely due to the presence of a semi-orthogonal type of civic layout, and a comparison of the layouts of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa shows that they are in fact, arranged in a quite dissimilar fashion.

* Mohenjo-daro is another major city of the same period, located in Sindh province of Pakistan.

One of its most well-known structures is the Great Bath of Mohenjo-daro.

Major urban centers were at Dholavira, Kalibangan, Harappa, Lothal, Mohenjo-daro, and Rakhigarhi, as well as an offshoot called the Kulli culture ( 2500 – 2000 BCE ) in southern Balochistan, which had similar settlements, pottery and other artifacts.

They included cities like Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Kalibangan, Dholavira, ports like Lothal, Sutkagen-dor and Sotka-koh and numerous villages as well.

All houses in the major cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro had access to water and drainage facilities.

Among the settlements were the major urban centres of Harappa, Lothal, Mohenjo-daro ( UNESCO World Heritage Site ), Dholavira, Kalibanga, and Rakhigarhi.

The significance of the original name of Mohenjo-daro inferring that the city was " the city of the cock " takes on great significance if taking into account that it has been claimed that the chicken was domesticated in southern China in 6000 BC.

Lingam-yonis have been recovered from the archeological sites at Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, part of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Mohenjo-daro ( IPA:,,, lit.

Mohenjo-daro, the modern name for the site, simply means Mound of the Dead.

Mohenjo-daro is located in the Larkana District of Sindh, Pakistan, on a Pleistocene ridge in the middle of the flood plain of the Indus River Valley, around from the town of Larkana.

The works of Petrarch first displayed the new interest in the intellectual values of the Classical world in the early 14th century and the romance of this era as rediscovered in the Renaissance period can be seen expressed by Boccaccio.

Having fallen from public notice, the tunnel was rediscovered in 1981 by then 18-year-old Robert " Bob " Diamond, who entered from a manhole he located at Atlantic Avenue and Court Street, crawled a distance of underground through a filled-in section of tunnel less than two feet high, and located the bulkhead wall that sealed off the main portion of the tunnel.

Thābit's formula was rediscovered by Fermat ( 1601 – 1665 ) and Descartes ( 1596 – 1650 ), to whom it is sometimes ascribed, and extended by Euler ( 1707 – 1783 ).

It was rediscovered by the Europa in 1774, whence the name " Europa Rocks ".

In 1911, B. thuringiensis was rediscovered in Germany by Ernst Berliner, who isolated it as the cause of a disease called Schlaffsucht in flour moth caterpillars.

A few observations found in bestiaries, such as the migration of birds, were discounted by the natural philosophers of later centuries, only to be rediscovered in the modern scientific era.

The full significance of Bolzano's theorem, and its method of proof, would not emerge until almost 50 years later when it was rediscovered by Karl Weierstrass.

While at university, Gauss independently rediscovered several important theorems ; his breakthrough occurred in 1796 when he showed that any regular polygon with a number of sides which is a Fermat prime ( and, consequently, those polygons with any number of sides which is the product of distinct Fermat primes and a power of 2 ) can be constructed by compass and straightedge.

After three months of intense work, he predicted a position for Ceres in December 1801 — just about a year after its first sighting — and this turned out to be accurate within a half-degree when it was rediscovered by Franz Xaver von Zach on 31 December at Gotha, and one day later by Heinrich Olbers in Bremen.

A more reliable and controllable method of producing cathode rays was investigated by Hittorf and Goldstein, and rediscovered by Thomas Edison in 1880.

She successfully educated herself by immersing herself in languages, in the rediscovered classics and humanism of the early Renaissance, and in Charles V ’ s royal archive that housed a vast number of manuscripts.

Ephrem the Syrian wrote a commentary on it, the Syriac original of which was rediscovered only in 1957, when a manuscript acquired by Sir Chester Beatty in 1957 ( now Chester Beatty Syriac MS 709, Dublin ) turned out to contain the text of Ephrem's commentary.

They were rediscovered by Guillaume Amontons ( 1699 ).

* The Ossian cycle of ancient Celtic poetry supposedly rediscovered and published in 1760 by Scottish poet James Macpherson was actually written in the eighteenth century, possibly based on some fragments of earlier verses.

This method ( and the general idea of an FFT ) was popularized by a publication of J. W. Cooley and J. W. Tukey in 1965, but it was later discovered ( Heideman & Burrus, 1984 ) that those two authors had independently re-invented an algorithm known to Carl Friedrich Gauss around 1805 ( and subsequently rediscovered several times in limited forms ).

He was writing to many of his friends, including Jacintha Buddicom, who had " rediscovered " him, and in March 1949, was visited by Celia Kirwan.

The Andromeda Galaxy was independently rediscovered by Simon Marius in 1612.

As English readers, pursuing the vogue for sea stories represented by such writers as G. A. Henty, rediscovered Melville's novels, he experienced a modest revival of popularity in England, though not in the United States.

In 1692, he composed The Fairy-Queen ( an adaptation of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream ), the score of which ( his longest for theatre ) was rediscovered in 1901 and published by the Purcell Society.

The stele was later plundered by the Elamites and removed to their capital, Susa ; it was rediscovered there in 1901 and is now in the Louvre Museum in Paris.

Jinas are spiritually advanced human beings who rediscovered the dharma, became fully liberated from the bondages of karma by conquering attachments and aversions, and taught the spiritual path to benefit all living beings.

Thanks to the efforts of other like-minded individuals, the nihontō did not disappear, many swordsmiths continued the work begun by Masahide, and the old swordmaking techniques were rediscovered.