* Nobel Lectures, the Physiology or Medicine 1942 – 1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964

* Nobel Lectures in Chemistry, Volume 1, World Scientific ( 1999 ) ISBN 981-02-3405-8

* Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1901-1921, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1967

* The Nobel Prize Biography on Shaw, From Nobel Lectures, Literature 1901 – 1967, Editor Horst Frenz, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, ( 1969 ).

Bardeen gave much of his Nobel Prize money to fund the Fritz London Memorial Lectures at Duke University.

Nobel Lectures.

The list below was retrieved from Haberman's 1972 Nobel Lectures, Peace 1901 – 1925.

Nobel Lectures, Peace 1901 – 1925.

* Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967.

* Nobel Lectures, Peace 1901-1925, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam.

* Some of this material is from: From Nobel Lectures, Peace 1926 – 1950, Frederick W. Haberman ( editor ), Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1972.

In the philosophy of thermal and statistical physics, the Brownian ratchet or Feynman-Smoluchowski ratchet is a thought experiment about an apparent perpetual motion machine first analysed in 1912 by Polish physicist Marian Smoluchowski and popularised by American Nobel laureate physicist Richard Feynman in a physics lecture at the California Institute of Technology on May 11, 1962, and in his text The Feynman Lectures on Physics as an illustration of the laws of thermodynamics.

Nobel Lectures, including Presentation Speeches and Laureates ' Biographies.

Since 1956, the Fritz London Memorial Lectures have brought to the scientific community at Duke University a distinguished group of lecturers including twenty Nobel laureates.

* Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1922 – 1941, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1965.

From Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1942-1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964

It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures.

* Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1942-1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964

* Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1922-1941, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1965.

* Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1942 – 1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964

* Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1942 – 1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964

* Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1942 – 1962, Dickinson W. Richards, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964

Nobel Lectures, Peace 1901-1925.

Bohr, Mottelson and Rainwater were jointly awarded the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics " for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection ".

Category: Nobel laureates in Physics

* 1874 – Guglielmo Marconi, Italian inventor and developed Marconi's law, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics ( d. 1937 )

* Pierre-Gilles de Gennes ( 1932-2007 ), physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1991 ;

They received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1972 for this theory.

For their achievements Cornell, Wieman, and Wolfgang Ketterle at MIT received the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics.

* Gustaf Dalén, Nobel Prize in Physics

* Ingemar Lundström, physicist, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Physics

" In 1923, Millikan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Dartmouth has also graduated three Nobel Prize winners: Owen Chamberlain ( Physics, 1959 ), K. Barry Sharpless ( Chemistry, 2001 ), and George Davis Snell ( Physiology or Medicine, 1980 ).

The Britannica has an Editorial Board of Advisors, which includes 12 distinguished scholars: author Nicholas Carr, religion scholar Wendy Doniger, political economist Benjamin M. Friedman, Council on Foreign Relations President Emeritus Leslie H. Gelb, computer scientist David Gelernter, Physics Nobel laureate Murray Gell-Mann, Carnegie Corporation of New York President Vartan Gregorian, philosopher Thomas Nagel, cognitive scientist Donald Norman, musicologist Don Michael Randel, Stewart Sutherland, Baron Sutherland of Houndwood, President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and cultural anthropologist Michael Wesch.

For contributions to the unification of the weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, Abdus Salam, Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979.

He was awarded the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on induced radioactivity.

In 1938, Fermi received the Nobel Prize in Physics at the age of 37 for his " demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons ".

Category: Nobel laureates in Physics

* 1940 – In a ceremony held in Berkeley, California, because of the war, physicist Ernest Lawrence receives the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physics from Sweden's Consul General in San Francisco.

Some prominent authors have speculated that Moseley could have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1916, had he not died in the service of the British Army.

Isaac Asimov has also speculated that in the event that he had not been killed while in the service of the British Empire, Moseley might very well have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1916, which was not awarded to anyone that year ( along with the prize for Chemistry ).

Additional credence is given to this by noting who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in the two previous years, 1914 and 1915, and in the following year, 1917.

In 1914, Max von Laue of Germany won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals, which was a crucial step towards the invention of X-ray spectroscopy.

* Ernest Walton, Cambridge-based co-winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, 1951.

Kilby won the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics for his part of the invention of the integrated circuit.

Geim went on to win the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2010 for his work on graphene.

Glauber could not attend the 2005 awards – he was traveling to Stockholm to claim a genuine Nobel Prize in Physics.

In 1956, John Bardeen shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with William Shockley of Semiconductor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments and Walter Brattain of Bell Telephone Laboratories " for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect ".