Owain Glyndŵr attacked Abergavenny in 1404.

In 1404 Abergavenny was declared its own nation by Ieuan ab Owain Glyndŵr, illegitimate son of Owain Glyndŵr.

* Owain Glyndŵr ( Owen Glendower ), a medieval Welsh nobleman

In addition to this, the final defeat of the uprising led by the Welsh prince, Owain Glyndŵr, in 1412 by Prince Henry ( who later became Henry V ) represents the last major armed attempt by the Welsh to throw off English rule.

One famous Welsh longbow victory was on 22 June 1402 when Owain Glyndŵr fought a battle against the English at Bryn Glas.

Owain Glyndŵr (), or Owain Glyn Dŵr, ( c. 1349 or 1359 – c. 1416 ) was a Welsh ruler and the last native Welshman to hold the title Prince of Wales.

Banner of Owain Glyndŵr.

That Owain Glyndŵr had another brother Gruffudd is likely ; that he possibly had a third, Maredudd, is suggested by one reference.

In the late 1390s, a series of events occurred that began to push Owain towards rebellion, in what was later to be called the Welsh Revolt, the Glyndŵr Rising or the Last War of Independence.

Owain Glyndŵr

In his book The Mystery of Jack of Kent and the Fate of Owain Glyndŵr, Alex Gibbon argues that the folk hero Jack of Kent, also known as Siôn Cent – the family chaplain of the Scudamore family – was in fact Owain Glyndŵr himself.

Gibbon points out a number of similarities between Siôn Cent and Glyndŵr ( including physical appearance, age, education, character ) and claims that Owain spent his last years living with Alys passing himself off as an aging Franciscan friar and family tutor.

In 2006, Adrien Jones, the president of the Owain Glyndŵr Society, said, " Four years ago we visited a direct descendant of Glyndŵr ( Sir John Scudamore ), at Kentchurch Court, near Abergavenny.

Adam of Usk, a one-time supporter of Glyndŵr, made the following entry in his Chronicle under the year 1415: After four years in hiding, from the king and the realm, Owain Glyndŵr died, and was buried by his followers in the darkness of night.

Sculpture of Owain Glyndŵr by Alfred Turner ( sculptor ) | Alfred Turner at City Hall, Cardiff.

In 2007, popular Welsh musicians the Manic Street Preachers wrote a song entitled " 1404 " based on Owain Glyndŵr.

* November 28 – Owain Gwynedd, King of Gwynedd ( b. c. 1100 )

* July – Owain Lawgoch, titular Prince of Wales – assassinated ( b. c. 1330 )

Gwenwynwyn ab Owain Cyfeiliog ( died c. 1216 ) was the last major ruler of mid Wales before the completion of the Norman English invasion.

Owain mab Urien ( or Owein ) ( died c. 595 ) was the son of Urien, king of Rheged c. 590, and fought with his father against the Angles of Bernicia.

c. 1240 – 1300 ) awdl lamenting the capture and imprisonment of Owain ap Gruffudd, where he likens Owain to Rhun: " Who if free, like Rhun the son of Beli, Would not let Lloegria burn his borders ".

c. 1240 – 1300 ) awdl lamenting the capture and imprisonment of Owain ap Gruffudd, where he likens Owain to Rhun: " Who if free, like Rhun the son of Beli, Would not let Lloegria burn his borders ".

* Maelgwn ab Owain Gwynedd ( died c. 1173 ), son of Owain Gwynedd and ruler of Anglesey

Sir Dafydd ap Llewelyn ap Hywel ( c. 1380 – October 25, 1415 ), better known as Dafydd Gam or Davy Gam, was a Welsh medieval nobleman, a prominent opponent of Owain Glyndŵr, and who died at the Battle of Agincourt fighting for King Henry V, King of England in that victory against the French.

This family have patrilinear descent from Rhodri Mawr through Anarawd, his eldest son, and Owain Gwynedd ( king of Gwynedd c. 1137-1170 ) to the present day.

Iolo Goch ( c. 1320 – c. 1398 ), ( meaning Iolo the Red in English ), was a medieval Welsh poet or bard who composed poems addressed to Owain Glyndŵr, among others.

Owain Lawgoch, ( English: " Owain of the Red Hand ", French: " Yvain de Galles "), full name Owain ap Thomas ap Rhodri ( c. 1330-July 1378 ), was a Welsh soldier who served in Spain, France, Alsace and Switzerland.

John of Worcester's chronicle suggests that Æthelstan faced opposition from Constantine, from Owain of Strathclyde, and from the Welsh kings.

He was accompanied by many leaders, including the Welsh kings Hywel Dda, Idwal Foel, and Morgan ab Owain.

Particularly significant in this development were the three Welsh Arthurian romances, which are closely similar to those of Chrétien, albeit with some significant differences: Owain, or the Lady of the Fountain is related to Chrétien's Yvain ; Geraint and Enid, to Erec and Enide ; and Peredur son of Efrawg, to Perceval.

Owain has since been voted in at 23rd in a poll of 100 Greatest Britons in 2002, and 2nd in the 100 Welsh Heroes poll of 2003-04.

His father, Gruffydd Fychan II, hereditary Tywysog of Powys Fadog and Lord of Glyndyfrdwy, died some time before 1370 leaving Glyndŵr's mother Elen ferch Tomas ap Llywelyn of Deheubarth a widow and Owain a young man of maybe 16 years at most.

Owain probably had an elder brother called Madog, but he may have died young.

The young Owain ap Gruffydd was possibly fostered at the home of David Hanmer, a rising lawyer shortly to be a justice of the Kings Bench, or at the home of Richard FitzAlan, 3rd Earl of Arundel.

Owain is then thought to have been sent to London to study law at the Inns of Court.

In March 1387, Owain was in southeast England under Richard Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel in the Channel at the defeat of a Franco-Spanish-Flemish fleet off the coast of Kent.

The bard Iolo Goch (" Red Iolo "), himself a Welsh lord, visited him in the 1390s and wrote a number of odes to Owain, praising Owain's liberality, and writing of Sycharth, " Rare was it there / to see a latch or a lock.

The names and number of Owain Glyndŵr's siblings cannot be certainly known.

The adjudicator of the competition, " Owain Alaw " ( John Owen, 1821-1883 ) asked for permission to include Glan Rhondda in his publication, Gems of Welsh melody ( 1860 – 64 ).

* 1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers.

* probable – Owain Glyndŵr, last Welsh Prince of Wales ( d. 1416 )

* Before July 21 – Henry ' Hotspur ' Percy forms an alliance with Welsh rebel Owain Glyndŵr.

* September 16 – Owain Glyndŵr is proclaimed Prince of Wales by his followers and begins attacking English strongholds in north-east Wales.

* December – Financed by Charles V of France, Welshman Owain Lawgoch launches an invasion fleet against the English in an attempt to claim the throne of Wales.

* May – Owain Lawgoch makes a second attempt to take the throne of Wales.

* June 14 – Rebel leader Owain Glyndŵr, having declared himself Prince of Wales, allies with the French against the English.

* September – Henry, Prince of Wales ( later Henry V of England ) retakes Aberystwyth from Owain Glyndŵr.

* date unknown – Owain Glyndŵr, Welsh Prince and leader of the Welsh Revolt

* Glyndŵr Rising in Wales ( 1400 – 1415 ), led by Owain Glyndŵr.

Owain Gwynedd ap Gruffydd (; 1100 – 28 November 1170 ) was King of Gwynedd from 1137 until his death in 1170, and the first to be known as Prince of Wales.

* Maelgwn ab Owain Gwynedd ,( from first wife Gwladys ( Gladys ) ferch Llywarch ) Lord of Môn ( 1170 – 1173 )

* Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd, Lord of Môn ( 1175 – 1193 )

Among their grievances was the King's failure to promptly pay the soldiers ' wages, his favour towards Dunbar, his demand that the Percies hand over their Scottish prisoners, his failure to put an end to Owain Glyn Dŵr's rebellion through a negotiated settlement, his increasing promotion of his son Prince Henry's military authority in Wales, and his failure to ransom the Percies ' kinsman, Henry Percy's brother-in-law, Sir Edmund Mortimer ( 1376 – 1409 ), whom the Welsh had captured in June 1402, and who had a claim to the crown as the grandson of Lionel, 1st Duke of Clarence, second surviving son of King Edward III.

Over the next few centuries, the castle played an important part in several wars, withstanding the siege of Madog ap Llywelyn between 1294 – 95, but falling to Owain Glyndŵr in 1404.