His principal theological works are a commentary in three volumes on the Books of the Sentences of Peter Lombard ( Magister Sententiarum ), and the Summa Theologiae in two volumes.

Peter Lombard ( died 1160 ) is the first writer known to have used the term, which did not become the usual name in the West till towards the end of the twelfth century, and never became current in the East.

He introduced the Sentences of Peter Lombard as the basic textbook for the study of theology.

While it is common for scholars to state that Alexander was the first to write a commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, it is not quite accurate.

Between 1220 and 1227, he wrote a Glossa in quatuor libros Sententiarum Petri Lombardi ( A Gloss on the Four Books of the Sentences of Peter Lombard ), which was particularly important because it was the first time that a book other than the Bible was used as a textbook during biblical study.

* Peter Lombard.

In return, in 756, Pepin and his Frankish army forced the last Lombard king to surrender his conquests, and Pepin officially conferred upon the pope the territories belonging to Ravenna, even cities such as Forlì with their hinterlands, laying the Donation of Pepin upon the tomb of Saint Peter, according to traditional later accounts.

That such a letter was a fiction was demonstrated very soon after ; when Stephen asked Desiderius to fulfil the promises he had made over the body of Saint Peter, the Lombard king responded:

Pope Innocent V was the author of several works of philosophy, theology, and canon law, including commentaries on the Pauline epistles and on the Sentences of Peter Lombard.

Accordingly, Peter Lombard asserted, " The Catholic Church teaches that souls are created at their infusion into the body.

In the 11th century, there were early Scholastic figures such as Anselm of Canterbury, Peter Abelard, Solomon ibn Gabirol, Peter Lombard, and Gilbert de la Porrée.

His nearest pronouncement seems to be Numquam ponenda est pluralitas sine necessitate must never be posited without necessity, which occurs in his theological work on the ' Sentences of Peter Lombard ' ( Quaestiones et decisiones in quattuor libros Sententiarum Petri Lombardi ( ed.

* July 20 – Peter Lombard, French scholastic philosopher ( b. c. 1100 )

* Peter the Lombard publishes Sentences.

For six years, he studied theology with Peter Lombard and Maurice de Sully.

* The Basilica of San Pietro in Ciel d ' Oro (" St. Peter in Golden Sky "), where Saint Augustine, Boethius and the Lombard king Liutprand are buried, was begun in the 6th century.

* Sentences, a 12-century book of theology by Peter Lombard

Peter was the direct descendant and the heir-general of the Mafalda, daughter of Robert Guiscard, Duke of Apulia, the Norman conqueror, and his official wife Sigelgaita, daughter of a Lombard prince, Guaimar IV of Salerno.

A popular textbook for university study was called the Sentences ( Quattuor libri sententiarum ) of Peter Lombard ; theology students and masters were required to write extensive commentaries on this text as part of their curriculum.

Three years earlier his fame had earned him the position of lecturer on the The Four Books of Sentences — a book of theology written by Peter Lombard in the twelfth century — and in 1255 he received the degree of master, the medieval equivalent of doctor.

* Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard: some questions found in a manuscript at the Bibliothèque Nationale de Paris are published in: J .- F. Genest and Katherine Tachau, ' La lecture de Thomas Bradwardine sur les Sentences ', Archives d ' histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Age 57, 1990: 301 – 6.

Bullinger felt that he needed to decide the issues for himself, and began a systematic program of reading that started with Peter Lombard's Sentences, then compared the Sentences with the church fathers that Lombard cited and with the Bible.

This theme was subsequently adopted and extended by the likes of Hugh of St. Victor, Peter Lombard and later Thomas Aquinas, who gave us ' handbooks ' for what we would now call theology.

February 1215: Yolanda de Courtenay ( c. 1200 – 1233 ), daughter of Peter I, Emperor of the Latin Empire and his second wife, Yolanda I, Empress of the Latin Empire

* Peter of Abano ( c. 1257 – 1316 ), physician and philsopher

* Peter the Venerable ( c 1092 – 1156 )

* Peter Damian ( c 1007 – 72 )

File: Sir Theodore Mayerne drawing by Peter Paul Rubens. jpg | Rubens-Sir Théodore de Mayerne, a portrait drawing ( c. 1630 )

St Peter Encaustic painting | encaustic on panel, c. 6th century ( Saint Catherine's Monastery, Mount Sinai ).

The Judgment of Paris ( Rubens ) | The Judgment of Paris, Peter Paul Rubens, c. 1636 ( National Gallery, London )

File: Peter Paul Rubens-The Judgement of Paris-WGA20277. jpg | Peter Paul Rubens, c. 1606

File: Peter Paul Rubens-The Judgment of Paris-WGA20307. jpg | Peter Paul Rubens, c. 1625

File: Peter Paul Rubens 115. jpg | Peter Paul Rubens, c. 1638-1639

Clement of Rome wrote in a letter to the Corinthians, c. 96 about the persecution of Christians in Rome as the " struggles in our time " and presented to the Corinthians its heroes, " first, the greatest and most just columns ", the " good apostles " Peter and Paul.

Pope Saint Linus ( died c. 76 ) was, according to several early sources, Bishop of the Diocese of Rome after Saint Peter.

Pope John XXI, born Pedro Julião ( Latin, Petrus Iulianus ( c. 1215 – 20 May 1277 ), a Portuguese often identified with Pedro Hispano ( Latin, Petrus Hispanus ; English, Peter of Spain ), was Pope from 1276 until his death about eight months later.

Peter Stuyvesant ( c. 1612 – August 1672 ), served as the last Dutch Director-General of the colony of New Netherland from 1647 until it was ceded provisionally to the English in 1664, after which it was renamed New York.

Peter Paul Rubens shows the moment when the horrified Scylla first begins to change, under the gaze of Glaucus ( c. 1636 ), while Eglon van der Neer's 1695 painting in the Rijksmuseum shows Circe poisoning the water as Scylla prepares to bathe.

Self-evidently if Peter the Apostle wrote this epistle then it must have been written prior to his death in c 65 – 67AD.

Painting by Sir Peter Lely, c. 1640, Dutch-born English Baroque era painter.

* The First Epistle of Peter, if by Saint Peter, is probably written between this year and c. 64.

* July 22 – Peter King, 1st Baron King, Lord Chancellor of England ( b. c. 1669 )

* February 22 – Peter Damian, Italian saint ( b. c. 1007 )

** Peter Paludanus, French bishop and theologian ( b. c. 1275 )