On Friday, April 20, 2007 Pope Benedict XVI, abolished the whole idea saying he " showed doubt about the concept of limbo ".

* 1927 – Pope Benedict XVI

As Pope Martin V supported Sforza, Alfonso switched religious allegiance to the Aragonese antipope Benedict XIII.

In 2009, Pope Benedict XVI gave a homily about him in Saint Peter's square.

The new Pope takes on the regnal name Benedict XVI.

He was one of the seven cardinals who, in May 1408, deserted Pope Gregory XII, and, with those following Antipope Benedict XIII from Avignon, convened the Council of Pisa, of which Cossa became the leader.

John XXIII was acknowledged as pope by France, England, Bohemia, Prussia, Portugal, parts of the Holy Roman Empire, and numerous Northern Italian city states, including Florence and Venice ; however, the Avignon Pope Benedict XIII was regarded as pope by the Kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, and Scotland and Gregory XII was still favored by Ladislaus of Naples, Carlo I Malatesta, the princes of Bavaria, Louis III, Elector Palatine, and parts of Germany and Poland.

They are first mentioned in the papal bulls Extravagantes of Pope John XXII and of Pope Benedict XII.

* 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is inaugurated as the 265th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church taking the name Pope Benedict XVI.

* 1342 – Pope Benedict XII ( b. 1285 )

Pope Benedict XVI in a modified Mercedes-Benz M-Class Popemobile in São Paulo, Brazil

Apart from a short poem attributed to Mark of Monte Cassino, the only ancient account of Benedict is found in the second volume of Pope Gregory I's four-book Dialogues, thought to have been written in 593.

In 2006, Pope Benedict XVI gave up the title of Patriarch of the West.

The arrangement of the Psalms in the Rule of St. Benedict had a profound impact upon the breviaries used by secular and monastic clergy alike, up until 1911 when Pope St. Pius X introduced his reform of the Roman Breviary.

Under Pope Benedict XVI's motu proprio Summorum Pontificum, Roman Catholic bishops, priests, and deacons are again permitted to use the 1962 edition of the Roman Breviary, promulgated by Pope John XXIII to satisfy their obligation to recite the Divine Office every day.

Pope Benedict VIII during his visit to Bamberg ( 1020 ) placed the diocese in direct dependence on the Holy See.

" In March 2012, the now-retired Fidel Castro met Pope Benedict XVI during the latter's visit to Cuba ; the two men discussed the role of the Catholic Church in Cuba, which has a large Catholic community.

This view was reinforced by Pope Benedict XIV, who ordered a ban on Chinese rituals.

The pope, as Bishop of Rome, may open a process and has the authority to waive the five year waiting period, as was done for Mother Teresa by Pope John Paul II, and for Lúcia Santos and for John Paul II himself by Pope Benedict XVI.

XVI " for Pope Benedict XVI.

With the revision of the Code of Canon Law promulgated in 1917 by Pope Benedict XV, only those who are already priests or bishops may be appointed cardinals.

Pope Gregory XVI rescinded this privilege and reserved to the Pope the right of creation of such knights ( Acta Pont.

* Pope Gregory XVI ( 1765 – 1846, r. 1831 – 46 )

However, he was made a cardinal at the 24 March 2006 consistory anyway, as was announced by Pope Benedict XVI on 22 February 2006.

The pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it is a modern depiction of the crucifixion of Jesus, with Mary and John to each side.

In his 2006 homily for Corpus Christi, Pope Benedict XVI noted the similarity between the Christian story of the resurrection and pagan myths of dead and resurrected gods: " In these myths, the soul of the human person, in a certain way, reached out toward that God made man, who, humiliated unto death on a cross, in this way opened the door of life to all of us.

In contrast, the Holy See has not questioned the validity of the consecrations that the late Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre performed in 1988 for the service of the relatively numerous followers of the Traditionalist Catholic Society of St. Pius X that he had founded, and of the bishops who, under pressure from the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association, " have been ordained without the Pontifical mandate and who have not asked for, or have not yet obtained, the necessary legitimation ", and who consequently, Pope Benedict XVI has declared, " are to be considered illegitimate, but validly ordained ".

Pope Benedict XVI said of both Ignatius of Loyola and Francis Xavier: " not only their history which was interwoven for many years from Paris and Rome, but a unique desire — a unique passion, it could be said — moved and sustained them through different human events: the passion to give to God-Trinity a glory always greater and to work for the proclamation of the Gospel of Christ to the peoples who had been ignored.

Bertone and Mamberti were named in their respective roles by Pope Benedict XVI in September 2006.

Pope Benedict XVI

This often takes the form of a small crowned, wide brimmed hat called a galero with the colors and tassels denoting rank ; or, in the case of Papal arms until the inauguration of Pope Benedict XVI in 2005, an elaborate triple crown known as a tiara.

" He argued that Pope Benedict XVI is making a habit of offending non-Catholics.

Thục consecrated a Dominican priest, an expert on the dogma of the Assumption, advisor to Pope Pius XII, and former professor at the Pontifical Lateran University, Michel Louis Guerard des Lauriers.

Pope Benedict XVI was also a student and professor at the university.

Felipe Fernández-Armesto, a professor of history at Tufts University in the United States and at Queen Mary, University of London, examined Menzies ' claim that private papers of Columbus indicate a Chinese ambassador in correspondence with the Pope, and called this claim as " drivel.

When far advanced in years Cesalpino accepted a call to Rome as professor of medicine at University of Rome La Sapienza and physician to Pope Clement VIII.

From 1869 until 1894, when he resigned and became professor emeritus, he was Pope Professor of Latin in the same institution.

It is widely believed that the conservatism of Pope Benedict XVI stems from his reaction to student protests at the University of Tübingen in 1968, when he served as a professor of theology.

In 1986, the Vatican declared that although a tenured professor, Curran could no longer teach theology at Catholic University of America schools, because " clashes with Church authorities finally culminated in a decision by the Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, headed by then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger Pope Benedict XVI, that Curran was neither suitable nor eligible to be a professor of Catholic theology.

Its most famous academic, the current Pope Benedict XVI, served as a professor there until 1977 and formally retains his chair in theology.

A major response to Hitler's Pope came from University of Mississippi law professor Ronald J. Rychlak in his 2000 book on the subject, Hitler, the War, and the Pope.

The novel closes with Pope retired from NASA and a respected professor of astronomy, his wife Penny in the Senate, and Mott consulting on " Grand Tour " unmanned missions to the outer solar system.

Dr. Donna Orsuto, professor of spirituality, is rector of the Lay Centre at Foyer Unitas and was recently created a Dame of the Order of St. Gregory the Great by Pope Benedict.

William E May, professor of moral theology at the Catholic University of America, writes that the Second Vatican Council took from Escriva the teaching that men and women are called to be saints in the midst of everyday life and cites a passage from Lumen gentium by Pope Paul VI which expresses that idea.

In 1764 he was created professor of mathematics in the palatine schools at Milan, and obtained from Pope Pius VI the release from ecclesiastical jurisdiction, and authority to become a secular priest.

After Bacon's retirement from the Planning Commission in 1970, he served as vice president for the private planning firm Mondev U. S. A., was an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and at the University of Pennsylvania, from 1950 to 1987, and narrated " Understanding Cities ", an award-winning series of documentary films describing the history and development of Rome under Pope Sixtus V, Paris under Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann, Regency London under John Nash, American cities, and cities in the future post-oil era.