* Popper, K., " On the Use and Misuse of Imaginary Experiments, Especially in Quantum Theory ", pp. 442 – 456, in Popper, K., The Logic of Scientific Discovery, Harper Torchbooks, ( New York ), 1968.

* Augusto Garuccio, K. R. Popper, Jean-Pierre Vigier: Possible direct physical detection of de Broglie waves, Physics Letters A, vol.

Whereas the work of those following T. Kuhn has led to a sociology of scientific knowledge, the work of those following K. Popper pursue classical problems of methodology and epistemology.

* Popper, K. R. ( 1968 ) The Logic of Scientific Discovery.

The criterion was first proposed by philosopher of science Karl Popper.

To Popper, science does not rely on induction, instead scientific investigations are inherently attempts to falsify existing theories through novel tests.

( This falsifiability-criterion was popularized by Karl Popper.

In his two volume work The Open Society and Its Enemies, Karl Popper used the term " conspiracy theory " to criticize the ideologies driving fascism, nazism, and Stalinism.

Popper argued that totalitarianism was founded on " conspiracy theories " which drew on imaginary plots driven by paranoid scenarios predicated on tribalism, chauvinism, or racism.

In his critique of the twentieth century totalitarians, Popper wrote, " I do not wish to imply that conspiracies never happen.

Karl Popper pioneered the use of the term " conjecture " in scientific philosophy.

* Popper, Karl R. ( 1945 ) The Open Society and Its Enemies

Karl Popper defined democracy in contrast to dictatorship or tyranny, thus focusing on opportunities for the people to control their leaders and to oust them without the need for a revolution.

Charles Sanders Peirce was a fallibilist and the most developed form of fallibilism can be traced to Karl Popper ( 1902 – 1994 ) whose first book Logik Der Forschung ( The Logic of Scientific Discovery ), 1934 introduced a " conjectural turn " into the philosophy of science and epistemology at large.

Philosophers associated with empiricism include Aristotle, Alhazen, Avicenna, Ibn Tufail, Robert Grosseteste, William of Ockham, Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, Robert Boyle, John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume, Leopold von Ranke, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Popper.

According to Karl Popper these experiments showed that the class of " hidden variables " Einstein believed in is erroneous.

The concept first popularized by Karl Popper, who, in his philosophical criticism of the popular positivist view of the scientific method, concluded that a hypothesis, proposition, or theory talks about the observable only if it is falsifiable.

Popper argued that this would require the inference of a general rule from a number of individual cases, which is inadmissible in deductive logic.

Popper chose falsifiability as the name of this criterion.

Popper stressed that unfalsifiable statements are important in science.

Popper invented the notion of metaphysical research programs to name such unfalsifiable ideas.

In contrast to Positivism, which held that statements are meaningless if they cannot be verified or falsified, Popper claimed that falsifiability is merely a special case of the more general notion of criticizability, even though he admitted that empirical refutation is one of the most effective methods by which theories can be criticized.

Falsifiability is an important concept within the creation – evolution controversy, where proponents of both sides claim that Popper developed falsifiability to denote ideas as unscientific or pseudoscientific and use it to make arguments against the views of the respective other side.

In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good friend Karl Popper, Hayek was highly critical of what he termed scientism: a false understanding of the methods of science that has been mistakenly forced upon the social sciences, but that is contrary to the practices of genuine science.

Hayek had a long-standing and close friendship with philosopher of science Karl Popper, also from Vienna.

In a letter to Hayek in 1944, Popper stated, " I think I have learnt more from you than from any other living thinker, except perhaps Alfred Tarski.

Popper dedicated his Conjectures and Refutations to Hayek.

For his part, Hayek dedicated a collection of papers, Studies in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics, to Popper and, in 1982, said that " ever since his Logik der Forschung first came out in 1934, I have been a complete adherent to his general theory of methodology.

" Popper also participated in the inaugural meeting of the Mont Pelerin Society.

* Sir Karl R. Popper in Prague, May 1994

* Austrian Karl R. Popper Research Association, University of Graz, Austria

* Sound recordings from the Sir Karl R. Popper papers at the Hoover Institution Archives.

* Popper, Karl R., Unended Quest, An Intellectual Autobiography, Open Court, La Salle, IL, 1982.

The actual term Negative Utilitarianism was introduced by R. N. Smart as the title to his 1958 reply to Popper in which he argued that the principle would entail seeking the quickest and least painful method of killing the entirety of humanity.

* The Cochlea By Peter Dallos, Arthur N. Popper, Richard R. Fay

Philosophers, such as Karl R. Popper, have provided influential theories of the scientific method within which scientific evidence plays a central role.

The iron – sulfur world theory is a set of proposals for the origin of life and the early evolution of life advanced by Günter Wächtershäuser, a Munich patent lawyer with a degree in chemistry who had been encouraged and supported by philosopher Karl R. Popper to publish his ideas.

The ' principle of rationality ' ( or ' rationality principle ') is coined by Karl R. Popper in his Harvard Lecture of 1963, published in his book Myth of Framework.

Karl R. Popper, The Myth of Framework, London ( Routledge ) 1994, chap.

Karl R. Popper, The Poverty of Historicism, London ( Routledge ) 1960, chap.

It is rumored that John Popper came up with the idea of the H. O. R. D. E.

Basic's list of authors includes Christopher Andrew, Anthony Appiah, Isaac Asimov, Robert Axelrod, Susan R. Barry, Daniel Bell, John Bradshaw, Allan Brandt, Richard Brookhiser, Zbigniew Brzezinski, William F. Buckley, Stephen Carter, Iris Chang, George Chauncey, Stephanie Coontz, Dinesh D ’ Souza, Devra Davis, Richard Dawkins, Hernando de Soto, Jared Diamond, Michael Eric Dyson, Thomas B. Edsall, Richard Evans, Graham Farmelo, Niall Ferguson, Richard Feynman, Richard Florida, Robin Lane Fox, Sigmund Freud, Howard Gardner, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Clifford Geertz, George Gilder, Barry Glassner, Robert Harms, Judith L. Herman, Christopher Hitchens, Douglas Hofstadter, Samuel P. Huntington, Jacqueline Jones, June Jordan, Leszek Kołakowski, Lawrence Krauss, Irving Kristol, George Lakoff, Edward Larson, Christopher Lasch, Mary Lefkowitz, Lawrence Lessig, Claude Levi-Strauss, Bernard Lewis, Robert Jay Lifton, Jeff Madrick, Nelson Mandela, Benoit Mandelbrot, Ernst Mayr, Walter A. McDougall, John McWhorter, Dana Milbank, Alice Miller, Walter Mosley, Charles Murray, Richard John Neuhaus, Donald Norman, Robert Nozick, Joseph S. Nye, Jr., James T. Patterson, Orlando Patterson, Jean Piaget, Steven Pinker, Karl Popper, Samantha Power, Diane Ravitch, Eugene Rogan, Juliet Schor, Brent Scowcroft, Anne-Marie Slaughter, Lee Smolin, Timothy Snyder, Thomas Sowell, Ian Stewart, Cass Sunstein, Beverly Daniel Tatum, Lester Thurow, Sherry Turkle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Michael Walzer, Elizabeth Warren, George Weigel, Steven Weinberg, Cornel West, Frank Wilczek, A. N.

" Naturalism Logicized ", in After Popper, Kuhn and Feyerabend: Current Issues in Scientific Method, R. Nola and H. Sankey, eds, 34 Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2000, pp. 177-210.

* Karl R. Popper.

The Philosophy of Karl R. Popper.

Xingolati is a floating music festival, with musical groups including The Flaming Lips, G Love and Special Sauce, Medeski Martin and Wood, Lucent Dossier Experience, Perpetual Groove, John Popper Project featuring DJ Logic, Slightly Stoopid Acoustic, Particle, Tea Leaf Green, The Everyone Orchestra, Banyan, DJ Greyboy, R. E. D.

* Rubel, E. Popper, A. Fay, R ( 1998 ) Development of the Auditory System New York: Springer-Verlag inc.