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* Pylos: A bay in the Peloponnese, shut in by the island of Sphacteria, it is associated with Cleon's famous victory and there are many references to it in the play: as a cake that Cleon pinched from Demosthenes ( lines 57, 355, 1167 ); as a place where Cleon like a colossus has got one foot ( 76 ); as an oath by which Cleon swears ( 702 ); as the place where Cleon snatched victory from the Athenian generals ( 742 ); as the origin of captured Spartan shields ( 846 ); as an epithet of the goddess Athena ( 1172 ); and as an equivalent of the hare that Agoracritus stole from Cleon ( 1201 ).
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Pylos and bay
Old Pylos, the location of the town in Classical times, is to the north of the bay, see also Old Navarino castle.
The bay of Pylos was the site of two important naval battles:
Pylos ' bay is formed by a deep indenture in the Morea, shut in by a long island, anciently called Sphacteria or Sphagia ( modern name Sfaktiria ), famous for the defeat and capture of the Spartans, in the Battle of Pylos during the Peloponnesian War, and still showing the ruins of walls which perhaps formed their last refuge.
The site of classical Pylos was probably on the rocky promontory now known as Koryphasion at the northern edge of the bay of Pylos.
In 425 BC the Athenian politician Cleon sent an expedition to Pylos, to seize and occupy the bay.
The small island Sphacteria closes off the bay of Pylos.
Pylos and Peloponnese
In all the thousands of clay tablets, a relatively small number of different " hands " have been detected: 45 in Pylos ( west coast of the Peloponnese, in southern Greece ) and 66 in Knossos ( Crete ).
During LHIIIB, Mycenae's political, military and economic influence likely extended as far as Crete, Pylos in the western Peloponnese, and to Athens and Thebes.
Pylos ( Greek: Πύλος, Pylos ), historically known under its Italian name Navarino, is a town and a former municipality in Messenia, Peloponnese, Greece.
Mycenean Pylos is an important archaeological site located on the western coast of the Peloponnese in Greece.
The naval Battle of Navarino was fought on 20 October 1827, during the Greek War of Independence ( 1821 – 32 ), in Navarino Bay ( modern-day Pylos ), on the west coast of the Peloponnese peninsula, in the Ionian Sea.
** Athenians en route to Sicily occupy Pylos in the Peloponnese.
Once he reached home, Spartan forces immediately moved towards Pylos, the fleet at Corcyra was ordered to sail there immediately, and a summons was sent out calling allied states around the Peloponnese to send troops.
He excavated many Mycenaean sites in the Peloponnese, including an unplundered royal tomb at Routsi, near Pylos.
Most instances of these inscriptions are on clay tablets found in Knossos in central Crete, and in Pylos in the southwest of the Peloponnese.
Due to a storm, Demosthenes instead landed at Pylos in the Peloponnese.
On September 11, 1844 the head of the Bavaria statue was cast using metal from bronze Turkish cannon salvaged from the 1827 naval Battle of Navarino ( modern-day Pylos on the west coast of the Peloponnese peninsula ).
After an assault on Pylos in the western Peloponnese had failed they separated their forces, Demetrius taking his chances in plundering the Cyclades while Scerdilaidas returned north.
After an assault on Pylos in the western Peloponnese had failed they separated their forces, Demetrius taking his chances in plundering the Cyclades while Scerdilaidas returned north.
Pylos and by
Heracles, whom Zeus had originally intended to be ruler of Argos, Lacedaemon and Messenian Pylos, had been supplanted by the cunning of Hera, and his intended possessions had fallen into the hands of Eurystheus, king of Mycenae.
Accompanied by Athena ( still disguised as Mentor ), he departs for the Greek mainland and the household of Nestor, most venerable of the Greek warriors at Troy, now at home in Pylos.
* 1827 – Battle of Navarino – a combined Turkish and Egyptian armada is defeated by British, French, and Russian naval force in the port of Navarino in Pylos, Greece.
He is succeeded by his designated heir Melanthus of Pylos, a fifth-generation descendant of Neleus who had reportedly assisted him in battle against the Boeotians.
He is succeeded by his designated heir Melanthus of Pylos, a fifth-generation descendant of Neleus who had reportedly assisted him in battle against the Boeotians.
Linear B tablets recovered from the site by Blegen clearly demonstrate that the site was called Pylos ( Mycenaean Greek: Pulos, Linear B: Pu-ro ) by its Mycenean inhabitants.
Bronze Age Pylos was excavated by Carl Blegen between 1939 and 1952.
Linear B tablets found by Blegen clearly demonstrate that the site itself was called Pylos ( Mycenaean Greek Pulos, Linear B Pu-ro ) by its Mycenaean inhabitants.
Pylos harbour by boat, September 2010
* Following the failure of peace negotiations between Athens and Sparta, a number of Spartans stranded on the island of Sphacteria after the Battle of Pylos are attacked by an Athenian force under Cleon and Demosthenes.
Heracles, whom Zeus had originally intended to be ruler of Argos, Lacedaemon and Messenian Pylos, had been supplanted by the cunning of Hera, and his intended possessions had fallen into the hands of Eurystheus, king of Mycenae.
When Heracles took Pylos, Alastor and his brothers, except Nestor, were killed by him.
Their failure is attested by the burning of Pylos a few months later by assailants unknown from the sea.
He received Neleus, who had been driven out of Iolcus by Pelias, and assigned to him a tract of land in the maritime part of Messenia, where the main city was Pylos ; in the same fashion he welcomed the exiled Lycus, son of Pandion, who revealed the rites of Demeter to Aphareus and his family.
Melampous was a wealthy man from Pylos, but he left Pylos fleeing Neleus who held his possessions by force for a year.
He was killed by Heracles at Pylos, although he tried to escape in the form of an eagle.
The southern entrance was at that time guarded by an Ottoman-held fort, at Navarino ( Pylos ).
Pylos and island
One of these posts was near Pylos on a tiny island called Sphacteria, where the course of the first war turned in Athens's favour.
After the gods in council had determined that Odysseus should return home from the island of Ogygia, Athena, assuming the appearance of Mentes, king of the Taphians, went to Ithaca, and advised Telemachus to eject the troublesome suitors of his mother from his house, and to go to Pylos and Sparta, to gather information concerning his father.
** The Athenians defeat the Spartan assault on Pylos and cut off a garrison of Spartiates on the adjacent island of Sphacteria.
In doing so, they trapped 420 Spartan hoplites on the island of Sphacteria, off of Pylos.
Following the Battle of Pylos and subsequent peace negotiations, which failed, a number of Spartans were stranded on the island of Sphacteria.
After the Battle of Pylos, which resulted in the isolation of over 400 Spartan soldiers on the island of Sphacteria, Sparta sued for peace, and, after arranging an armistice at Pylos by surrendering the ships of the Peloponnesian fleet as security, sent an embassy to Athens to negotiate a settlement.
Moreover, a fire on the island, ignited by Athenian sailors sneaking across to cook a meal away from the crowded confines of Pylos, had denuded the island of vegetation and allowed Demosthenes to examine both the contours of the island and the number and disposition of the defenders.
Seeing that only thirty Spartans were detailed to guard the southern end of the island, away from Pylos, Demosthenes landed his 800 hoplites on both the seaward and landward sides of the island one night.
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