The earliest historical records of Anatolia stem from the south east of the region, and are from the Mesopotamian based Akkadian Empire during the reign of Sargon of Akkad in the 24th century BC.

The Akkadian Empire reached its political peak between the 24th and 22nd centuries BC, following the conquests of its founder Sargon of Akkad ( 2334 – 2279 BC ).

The first known mention of the city of Akkad is in an inscription of Enshakushanna of Uruk, where he claims to have defeated Agade — indicating that it was in existence well before the days of Sargon of Akkad, whom the Sumerian King List claims to have built it.

Sargon has often been cited as the first ruler of a combined empire of Akkad and Sumer, although more recently discovered data suggests there had been Sumerian expansions under previous kings, including Lugal-Anne-Mundu of Adab, Eannatum of Lagash, and Lugal-Zage-Si.

Sargon of Akkad ( Sharru-kin = " legitimate king ", possibly a title he took on gaining power ; 24th century BC ) defeated and captured Lugal-Zage-Si in the Battle of Uruk and conquered his empire.

These alleged refugees claimed the ancestry of Sargon of Akkad ( whose dynasty died out some 15 centuries before the fall of Assyria ), they also contradictionally claimed ancestry from Nabopolassar, a Babylonian king of Chaldean extraction who played a major part in the destruction of the Assyrian Empire.

Additionally, the claimants to this ancestry also claim descendancy from Sargon of Akkad ( whose dynasty died out over 1500 years before the Assyrian dynasty fell ), and from Nabopolassar, who was a Chaldean, politically and militarily opposed to Assyria, and not in fact an Assyrian.

Two, from the Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa ( compiled in Babylon around 1700 BCE ) are reported to have been made during the reign of king Sargon of Akkad ( 2334 – 2279 BCE ).

The earliest mention of the city of Babylon can be found in a tablet from the reign of Sargon of Akkad, dating back to the 24th century BC.

The tablet, measuring, is usually dated from the dynasty of Sargon of Akkad between 2500-2300 BC ; an even earlier date for the tablet was promulgated by archeologist Leo Bagrow, placing it in the Agade Period ( 3800 BC ).

The Eblaite civilization was likely conquered by Sargon of Akkad around 2260 BCE ; the city was restored as the nation of the Amorites a few centuries later and flourished through the early second millennium BCE until conquered by the Hittites.

In this millennium, larger empires succeeded the last, and conquerors grew in stature until the great Sargon of Akkad pushed his empire to the whole of Mesopotamia and beyond.

* Sargon the Great, founder of the empire of Akkad and Sumer ( 2371 – 2316 BC middle chronology )

The earliest mention of the city of Babylon can be found in a tablet from the reign of Sargon of Akkad ( 2334-2279 BC ), dating back to the 23rd century BC.

2300 BC was incorporated into the Mesopotamian based Akkadian empire of Sargon the Great and Naram-Sin of Akkad ( Biblical Accad ).

* c. 2332 BC — Sargon of Akkad starts to rule

Beginning with Lugal-zage-si and the Third Dynasty of Uruk ( which was defeated by Sargon of Akkad ), a better understanding of how subsequent rulers fit into the chronology of the ancient Near East can be deduced.

* Sargon of Akkad ( 2334 BC – 2279 BC ), also known as Sargon the Great or Sargon I, Mesopotamian king

In addition the story of Moses ' origins shares a similarity with that of Sargon of Akkad, and the Ten Commandments mirror Assyrian-Babylonian legal codes to some degree.

Hegemony, which came to be conferred by the Nippur priesthood, alternated among a number of competing dynasties, hailing from Sumerian city-states traditionally including Kish, Uruk, Ur, Adab and Akshak, as well as some from outside of southern Mesopotamia, such as Awan, Hamazi, and Mari, until the Akkadians, under Sargon of Akkad, overtook the area.

His empire was overthrown by Sargon of Akkad.

* Sargon, an Assyrian envoy: name of two Assyrian kings, the first being the founder of one of history's first empires.

On those tablets Assyrian traders implored the help of the Akkadian king Sargon.

Under Sargon and his successors, Akkadian language was briefly imposed on neighboring conquered states such as Elam.

Bronze head of an Akkadian, probably Sargon ( National Museum of Iraq )

The earliest records in the Akkadian language date to the time of Sargon.

One strategy adopted by both Sargon and Naram-Sin, to maintain control of the country, was to install their daughters, Enheduanna and Emmenanna respectively, as high priestess to Sin, the Akkadian version of the Sumerian moon deity, Nanna, at Ur, in the extreme south of Sumer ; to install sons as provincial ensi governors in strategic locations ; and to marry their daughters to rulers of peripheral parts of the Empire ( Urkesh and Marhashe ).

* Akkadian Empire period: c. 2334 – 2218 BC ( Sargon )

Some of the important historical Mesopotamian leaders were Ur-Nammu ( king of Ur ), Sargon ( who established the Akkadian Empire ), Hammurabi ( who established the Old Babylonian state ), Ashur-uballit II and Tiglath-Pileser I ( who established the Assyrian Empires ).

Sennacherib ( pronounced ; Akkadian: Sîn-ahhī-erība " Sîn has replaced ( lost ) brothers for me ") was the son of Sargon II, whom he succeeded on the throne of Assyria ( 705 – 681 BC ).

Šušan was incorporated by Sargon the Great into his Akkadian Empire in approximately 2330 BCE.

Sargon is an Assyrian name, originally Šarru-kin ( Akkadian: " the true King " or " the legitimate King "), which may refer to:

Sumerians ( who spoke a language isolate ) remained largely dominant in this synthesised Sumero-Akkadian culture however, until the rise of the Akkadian Empire under Sargon the Great in 2334 BCE which united all of Mesopotamia under one ruler.

In circa 2300 BCE the Akkadian king Sargon the Great conquered all of Mesopotamia, uniting the Akkadian and Sumerians in the world's first empire, though this Akkadian empire collapsed after two centuries.

These people exist today as the modern Assyrians who are wholly Eastern Rite Christian but retain a distinct Mesopotamian language, Neo Aramaic ( which descends from the Aramaic first spoken in Mesopotamia in 1200 BCE and still retains hundreds of Akkadian loan words ) and identity and the naming of children with ancient names such as Ashur, Shamash, Semiramis, Lamassu, Ninus, Lilitu / Lilith, Sargon, Hadad etc.

Sargon II ( Akkadian Šarru-ukin " he the god made firm the king ", Arabic: ' reigned 722 – 705 BC ) was an Assyrian king.

With the Akkadian conquest Lagash lost its independence, its ruler or ensi becoming a vassal of Sargon of Akkad and his successors ; but Lagash continued to be a city of much importance and above all, a centre of artistic development.

The Avan dynasty was partly contemporary with that of the Mesopotamian emperor Sargon of Akkad, who not only defeated the Awan king Luhi-ishan and subjected Susa, but attempted to make Akkadian the official language there.

The name ' Sargon ' means ' the king is legitimate ' in Akkadian.

Several archaic titles of nobility ( e. g., Middle English Sir ( knight ), Old French Sire ( lord ), proto-Slavic Tsar ( monarch ), Biblical Hebrew Sar ( chief ), Akkadian Saris ( court minister ), Old Egyptian Ser ( prince )) derive from the same etymological root, likely Sumerian ( from Sarrum meaning " king "; see Sargon of Akkad ).

2296-2271 BC short chronology ) was the last Sumerian king before the conquest of Sumer by Sargon of Akkad and the rise of the Akkadian Empire, and was considered as the only king of the third dynasty of Uruk.