* 773 BC: Death of Shoshenq III, king of Egypt.

Crown Prince Osorkon III and Shoshenq III, sons of Takelot, battle for the throne.

* 773 BC — Death of Shoshenq III, king of Egypt.

Crown Prince Osorkon III and Shoshenq III, sons of Takelot, battle for the throne.

* Shoshenq III ( Usermaatre-setepenre / amun ) 838-799

After the reign of Osorkon II the country had again splintered into two states with Shoshenq III of the Twenty-Second Dynasty controlling Lower Egypt by 818 BC while Takelot II and his son ( the future Osorkon III ) ruled Middle and Upper Egypt.

The sum of the highest attested regnal dates for Osorkon II, Takelot I, Osorkon I, and Shoshenq I, added to 841 BC as year 1 of Shoshenq III, yields 938 BC at the latest for year 1 of Shoshenq I ...

It stated that Takelot II succeeded Osorkon II at Tanis, whereas most Egyptologists today accept it was Shoshenq III.

This brought stability to the country for well over a century, but after the reign of Osorkon II, particularly, the country had effectively shattered in two states with Shoshenq III of the Twenty-Second Dynasty controlling Lower Egypt by 818 BC while Takelot II and his son Osorkon ( the future Osorkon III ) ruled Middle and Upper Egypt.

These two factions squabbled consistently and the conflict was only resolved in Year 39 of Shoshenq III when Osorkon B comprehensively defeated his enemies.

:* Shoshenq III

More impressive are the number of objects which associate Psusennes II together with his successor, Shoshenq I, such as an old statue of Thutmose III which contains two parallel columns of texts – one referring to Psusennes II and the other to Shoshenq I – a recently unearthed block from Tell Basta which preserves the nomen of Shoshenq I together with the prenomen of Psusennes II, and a now lost graffito from Theban Tomb 18.

" Consequently, the practice of attaching the title pr -` 3 or pharaoh with a king's royal birth name had already started prior to the beginning of Shoshenq I's reign, let alone Shoshenq III.

The additional fact that the Large Dakhla stela contains a Year 5 IV Peret day 25 lunar date has helped date the aforementioned king Shoshenq's accession to 943 BC and demonstrates that the ruler here must be Shoshenq I, not Shoshenq III who ruled a century later.

* Shoshenq V, Pharaoh of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt ( 767 – 730 BC )

* Shoshenq IV, Pharaoh of Egypt ( Twenty-Second Dynasty ), r. 798 – 785 BC

* Shoshenq VI, Pharaoh of Egypt ( Twenty-Third Dynasty ), r. 801 – 795 BC

* Sack of Jerusalem ( 925 BC ) by biblical Pharaoh Shishaq, identified as Shoshenq I of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.

* The Campaign of Pharaoh Shoshenq I in Palestine, by Kevin A. Wilson.

It was first recorded in an inscription of Egyptian Pharaoh Seti I, from 1303 BCE as Rph, and as the first stop on Pharaoh Shoshenq I's campaign to the Levant in 925 BC.

The earliest known mention of Gibeon in an extra-Biblical source is in a list of cities on the wall of the Amum temple at Karnak, celebrating the invasion of Israel by Egyptian Pharaoh Shoshenq I ( 945-924 BCE ).

Kitchen observes that the word Shishak is closer philologically to Shoshenq I and that this Pharaoh records in his monuments at Thebes that he campaigned actively against Ancient Israel and Judah.

This is based on personal information recorded in the Large Dakhla stela which dates to Year 5 of Shoshenq I ; the stela preserves a reference to a land-register from Year 19 of a ' Pharaoh Psusennes '.

However, since this document was composed under Shoshenq I, the use of the title Pharaoh before Psusennes here cannot establish whether the king was Psusennes I or II.

A scholar named Helen Jacquet-Gordon believed in the 1970s that the large Dakhla stela belonged to Shoshenq III's reign due to its use of the title ' Pharaoh ' directly with the ruling king's birth name — i. e.: " Pharaoh Shoshenq "-- which was an important palaeographical development in Egyptian history.

Instead, he merely dated his activities to the serving Dynasty 22 Pharaoh at Tanis: Shoshenq III.

Initially, Takelot was believed to be an ephemeral Dynasty 22 Pharaoh since no monuments at Tanis or Lower Egypt could be conclusively linked to his reign, or mentioned his existence, except for the famous Pasenhor Serapeum stela which dates to Year 37 of Shoshenq V. However, since the late 1980s, Egyptologists have assigned several documents mentioning a king Takelot in Lower Egypt to him rather than Takelot II.

Shoshenq VI is known to be Pedubast I's immediate successor at Thebes based upon the career of the Letter Writer to Pharaoh Hor IX, who served under Osorkon II and Pedubast I ( see Hor IX's statue -- CGC 42226 -- which is explicitly dated to Pedubast's reign ).

" Other scholars including Jürgen von Beckerath and Norbert Dautzenberg view the High Priest Shoshenq C as an entirely separate ruler who ruled over Thebes and Upper Egypt as king Maatkheperre Shoshenq ; this Libyan Pharaoh had statue Cairo CG 42192 rededicated and reinscribed.

* 924 BC: Osorkon I succeeds his father Shoshenq I as king of Egypt.

* 874 BC — Shoshenq II succeeds Takelot I as king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.

* 872 BC — Osorkon II succeeds Shoshenq II as king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.

* 922 BC — Osorkon I succeeds his father Shoshenq I as king of Egypt.

Although primarily a biblical archaeologist, Albright was a polymath who made contributions in almost every field of Near Eastern studies: an example of his range is a BASOR 130 ( 1953 ) paper titled " New Light from Egypt on the Chronology and History of Israel and Judah ," in which he established that Shoshenq I — the Biblical Shishaq — came to power somewhere between 945 and 940 BC.

* He asserts that the identification of " Shishaq, King of Egypt " ( 1 Kings 14: 25f ; 2 Chronicles 12: 2-9 ) with Shoshenq I, first proposed by Jean-François Champollion, is based on incorrect conclusions.

Egypt has long had ties with Libya, and the first king of the new dynasty, Shoshenq I, was a Meshwesh Libyan, who served as the commander of the armies under the last ruler of the Twenty-First Dynasty, Psusennes II.

Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I ( Egyptian ššnq ), ( reigned c. 943-922 BCE ), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I ( for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq ), was a Meshwesh Berber king of Egypt — of Libyan ancestry — and the founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty.

His ancestors were Libyans who had settled in Egypt during the late New Kingdom, probably at Herakleopolis Magna, though Manetho claims Shoshenq himself came from Bubastis, a claim for which no supporting physical evidence has yet been discovered.

As king, Shoshenq chose his eldest son, Osorkon I, as his successor and consolidated his authority over Egypt through marriage alliances and appointments.

Finally, Shoshenq I designated his third son, Nimlot B, as the " Leader of the Army " at Herakleopolis in Middle Egypt.

Kitchen has strongly opposed the New Chronology views of David Rohl who posits that the Biblical Shishak who invaded Israel in 925 BC was actually Ramesses II rather than Shoshenq I and argues that the 21st and 22nd Dynasties of Egypt were contemporary with one another due to the absence of Dynasty 21 Apis Bull stele in the Serapeum.

“ Rise & Fall of The House of Shoshenq: The Libyan Centuries of Egyptian History .” KMT: A Modern Journal of Ancient Egypt 6 ( 3 ): 52 – 67.