Since the minting of coins was a prerogative accorded in Islamic practice only to a sovereign, it can be considered that Osmanli became independent of the Mongol Khans.

Since its inception in the early 1990s, the group has carried out bombings, kidnappings, assassinations and extortion in what they describe as their fight for an independent Islamic province in the Philippines.

Since the 1979 Islamic revolution, the Iranian government has executed more than 4, 000 such people.

( Since its formation, the BN has never lacked the necessary two-thirds until March 8, 2008's General Election ) The second source of law is syariah ( Islamic law ), which applies only to Muslims.

Since inception in the early 1990s, the group has carried out bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, and extortion in their fight for an independent Islamic state in western Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago.

Since the beginning of the 7th century the Islamic Caliphate had conquered much of the southern Mediterranean, and represented a threat to Christianity.

Since Islamic jurists or faqih have studied and are the most knowledgeable in Sharia, the country's ruler should be a faqih who " surpasses all others in knowledge " of Islamic law and justice, ( known as a marja '), as well as having intelligence and administrative ability.

The Islamist movement: Since the 1970s, the Islamist movements have become prominent ; their goals are the establishment of Islamic states and sharia not just within their own borders, their means are political in nature.

Since then, changes in Islamic society have played an ongoing role in developing sharia, which branches out into fiqh and Qanun respectively.

Since the 20th century, Western legal systems have generally allowed for " greater women's rights " than Islamic law.

Since then the country's policies have oscillated between the two opposing tendencies of revolutionary ardour, which would eliminate Western and non-Muslim influences while promoting the Islamic revolution abroad, and pragmatism, which would advance economic development and normalization of relations.

Since the Waqf is granted almost full autonomy on the Islamic holy sites, Israeli archaeologists have been prevented from inspecting the area ; although they have conducted several excavations around the Temple Mount.

Since then, an explicit goal of Bangladeshi foreign policy has been to seek close relations with other Islamic states.

Since waqf is an Islamic institution it becomes void if the founder converts to another religion.

Since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, the main campus of the university and its surrounding streets have been the site for Tehran's Friday prayers.

Since the flowing loops and curves of the arabesque are central to Islamic art, the interaction and tension between these two styles was long a major feature of carpet design.

Since coming to power, President Sadat had started encouraging the growth of Islamic extremism in the country as means to fight communist groups and solidify his own power.

* Artesh-bod ( Iran ) ( Note: Since the Islamic Revolution of 1979 no one has been promoted to this rank.

Since the murder of Theo van Gogh and the discovery of the Hofstad Network, AIVD has re focused on the Islamic Fundamentalist threat to Dutch society.

Since the 2001 General Election, the party's religious point of view has been largely shifted against inclusion of religious minorities, and it went with an alliance with Islamic party Jamaat, although a number of leaders representing the minority communities were nominated for the election.

Since the Islamic revolution in 1979, and in particular following the terrorist attacks against the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires in February 1992 and the AMIA Jewish center in Buenos Aires in July 1994, in which over 100 people were killed and for Iran's leadership was accused of having masterminded, the World Jewish Congress has been vocal in denouncing what it calls the “ Iranian threat .”

Since the 1990s, the municipality has been run by the Northern Islamic Movement.

Since the 12th century, it has been known as a tomb of Abu Hurairah, a companion ( sahaba ) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Since 1988, Brazilian administrative law has been strongly influenced by the judicial interpretations of the constitutional principles of public administration ( art.

Since the 1980s, the People's Republic of China has constructed a new legal framework for administrative law, establishing control mechanisms for overseeing the bureaucracy and disciplinary committees for the Communist Party of China.

Since the law changed in 2004, off-premises sales are now allowed anywhere in the state, with local approval, after noon.

Since the 12th century, courts have had parallel and co-equal authority to make law -- " legislating from the bench " is a traditional and essential function of courts, which was carried over into the U. S. system as an essential component of the " judicial power " specified by Article III of the U. S. constitution.

Since the 1960s, applied ethics has revived the ideas of casuistry in applying ethical reasoning to particular cases in law, bioethics and business ethics, so the reputation of casuistry is somewhat rehabilitated.

Since a wife was regarded as property in biblical times, the betrothal ( erusin ) was effected simply by purchasing her from her father ( or guardian ); the girl ’ s consent is not explicitly required by any biblical law.

Since the transcription of the Talmud, notable rabbis have compiled law codes that are generally held in high regard: the Mishneh Torah, the Tur, and the Shulchan Aruch.

Since then, the main characters ’ ages and career developments have tracked that of standard media portrayals of baby boomers, with jobs in advertising, law enforcement, and the dot-com boom.

Since then, ecologists have worked to bridge their understanding of the degradation of the planet's ecosystems with environmental politics, law, restoration, and natural resources management.

Since 1918 it has been known that the law of conservation of energy is the direct mathematical consequence of the translational symmetry of the quantity conjugate to energy, namely time.

Since that law was repealed in the aftermath of World War II, the present Emperor Akihito became the first crown prince for over a thousand years to have an empress outside the previously eligible circle.

Since about 93 % of the data submitted to the FBI is in this format, the UCR stands out as the publication of choice as most states require law enforcement agencies to submit this data.

Since most of these enclaves are occupied by the military, military law is especially concerned with these enclaves, especially the issue of establishing who has jurisdiction and what type of jurisdiction.

Since its reformation under private law in 1994, Deutsche Bahn AG ( DB AG ) no longer publishes details of the tracks it owns ; in addition to the DBAG system there are about 280 privately or locally owned railway companies which own an approximate 3, 000 km to 4, 000 km of the total tracks and use DB tracks in open access.

Since a beer tax law was changed in 1993, many breweries served this trend of mixing beer with other drinks by selling bottles of already-mixed beverages.

Since there was no law against stealing a dead body, they were only fined $ 750 for stealing the coffin and were not prosecuted for leaving 35 lbs of his charred remains in the desert.

Since 2002 soldiers have been involved in crime prevention and law enforcement, patrolling the streets of the major cities alongside the national police.

Since, by the second law of thermodynamics, this is statistically improbable to the point of exclusion, the Carnot efficiency is a theoretical upper bound on the reliable efficiency of any process.

Since then HK has designed and manufactured more than one hundred different types of firearms and devices for the world's military and law enforcement organizations.

Since international law has no established compulsory judicial system for the settlement of disputes or a coercive penal system, it is not as straightforward as managing breaches within a domestic legal system.

Since international law exists in a legal environment without an overarching " sovereign " ( i. e., an external power able and willing to compel compliance with international norms ), " enforcement " of international law is very different than in the domestic context.

# Large number of similar exposure units: Since insurance operates through pooling resources, the majority of insurance policies are provided for individual members of large classes, allowing insurers to benefit from the law of large numbers in which predicted losses are similar to the actual losses.

Since his absence from Rome might limit his ability to install his own consuls, he passed a law which allowed him to appoint all magistrates in 43 BC, and all consuls and tribunes in 42 BC.

Since the law must be in agreement with Scripture, knowledge of theology is necessary to the strengthening of the kingdom ; therefore the king has theologians in his entourage to stand at his side as he exercises power.