In the past, the duties of the state, as Sir Henry Maine noted long ago, were only two in number: internal order and external security.

Sir Henry Howorth, writing in 1898, put himself firmly in the Lappenburg-Kemble tradition by attacking the veracity of the West Saxon annals.

Sir Henry Sumner Maine, a hundred years before Communism was a force to be reckoned with, wrote his brilliant legal generalization, that `` the progress of society is from status to contract ''.

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

In 1858, Sir Henry Bessemer developed a process of steel making by blowing hot air through liquid pig iron to reduce the carbon content.

Jacques-Louis David, Sir Henry Raeburn, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Thomas Gainsborough, Antonio Canova, Arnold Bocklin

* Sir Samuel Henry Strong – September 30, 1875

But Sir Henry Harris said in 1998: " Without Fleming, no Chain ; without Chain, no Florey ; without Florey, no Heatley ; without Heatley, no penicillin.

Sir Henry Bessemer had invented the furnace which allowed the high carbon content of pig iron to be burnt away in a controlled and rapid way.

Sir Stafford Cripps, George Bernard Shaw, Henry Irving and other stage grandees, Lord Lytton and other eminent people of the era also wrote positive appreciations of his work after taking lessons with Alexander.

Forgotten for many years, the grave was discovered in 1897 and the Premier of New South Wales, Sir Henry Parkes, had it restored.

* 1908 – H. H. Asquith of the Liberal Party takes office as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, succeeding Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman

Henry Montgomery, Vicar of St Mark's, Kennington, at that time, was the second son of the noted Indian administrator, Sir Robert Montgomery, who died a month after Bernard's birth.

After the death of Sir Robert Montgomery, Henry inherited the Montgomery ancestral estate of New Park at Moville in northern County Donegal.

Other possible ministers included Sir Robert Inglis, Henry Goulburn, John Charles Herries, and Lord Ellenborough.

Through the aegis of her scientific uncle, Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe, a chemist and vice chancellor of the University of London, she consulted with botanists at Kew Gardens, convincing George Massee of her ability to germinate spores and her theory of hybridisation.

Replacing Harcourt as party leader was Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman.

Although he presided over a large majority, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman was overshadowed by his ministers, most notably Herbert Henry Asquith at the Exchequer, Edward Grey at the Foreign Office, Richard Burdon Haldane at the War Office and David Lloyd George at the Board of Trade.

* Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman 1899 – 1908

They and the Auxies became known as Tudor's Toughs after the police commander, Major-General Sir Henry Hugh Tudor.

Sir Henry Maine ( 1861 ) studied the ancient codes available in his day, and failed to find any criminal law in the " modern " sense of the word.

Trevor Huddleston, Sir Julian Huxley, Edward Hyams, the Bishop of Llandaff Dr Glyn Simon, Doris Lessing, Sir Compton Mackenzie, the Very Rev George McLeod, Miles Malleson, Denis Matthews, Sir Francis Meynell, Henry Moore, John Napper, Ben Nicholson, Sir Herbert Read, Flora Robson, Michael Tippett, the cartoonist ' Vicky ', Professor C. H. Waddington and Barbara Wootton.

Famous city artists include the portrait painters Sir Henry Raeburn, Sir David Wilkie and Allan Ramsay.

During his lifetime, Scott's portrait was painted by Sir Edwin Landseer and fellow-Scots Sir Henry Raeburn and James Eckford Lauder.

* March 4 – Sir Henry Raeburn, Scottish painter ( d. 1823 )

" Mrs Robert Scott Moncrieff " by Sir Henry Raeburn ( 1756 – 1823 )

In 1828 Sir David Wilkie wrote from Madrid that he felt himself in the presence of a new power in art as he looked at the works of Velázquez, and at the same time found a wonderful affinity between this artist and the British school of portrait painters, especially Henry Raeburn.

Portrait of John Rennie, 1810, by Sir Henry Raeburn.

Surveyor, John Rennie ( father ) | John Rennie: portrait by Henry Raeburn | Sir Henry Raeburn, 1810

Sir Henry Raeburn FRSE RSA ( 4 March 1756 – 8 July 1823 ) was a Scottish portrait painter, the country's first significant portraitist since the Union to remain based in Scotland.

In London he was kindly received by Sir Joshua Reynolds the president of the Royal Academy, who advised him on what to study in Rome, especially recommending the works of Michelangelo, and gave Raeburn many valuable letters of introduction for Italy.

Sir Walter Scott, Hugh Blair, Henry Mackenzie, Lord Woodhouselee, William Robertson, John Home, Robert Fergusson, and Dugald Stewart were resident in Edinburgh, and were all painted by Raeburn.

Sir Henry Raeburn died in St Bernard's House, Stockbridge, Edinburgh.

Alexander Runciman, the historical painter, his pupil Jacob More, and Sir Henry Raeburn were all members.

Portrait, oil on canvas, of John Home ( 1722 – 1808 ) by Sir Henry Raeburn ( 1756 – 1823 ), circa 1795 – 1800

Alexander Carlyle, 1796, by Sir Henry Raeburn.

In keeping with the bank's tradition, the front of the notes depict an image of Sir Walter Scott ; the image on the 2007 series is based on the portrait of Scott painted by Henry Raeburn.

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A portrait by Sir Henry Raeburn of Colonel Alasdair Ranaldson MacDonell of Glengarry hangs in the National Gallery of Scotland ; it shows hanging from his belt on his right hand side a Highland Scottish dirk, and visible at the top of his right stocking what appears to be a nested set of two sgian-dubhs.

Portrait of Niel Gow, 1787, by Sir Henry Raeburn.

Sir Thomas Lawrence painted a few miniatures, and Henry Raeburn some in his early days ; but the art maybe said to have died out with Sir William Ross, although some works by Sir Edwin Henry Landseer in this form are in existence, some small paintings of flowers by George Lance, and one portrait by Dante Gabriel Rossetti.