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Page "Chicano" ¶ 47
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Spanish and American
The Creston is purely a potboiler, with Spanish, English, French and American dances mixed into the stew.
* 1898 – SpanishAmerican War: Spanish and American forces engaged in a mock battle for Manila, after which the Spanish commander surrendered in order to keep the city out of Filipino rebel hands.
Less frequently, the adjective can take this meaning without a qualifier, as in " American Spanish dialects and pronunciation differ by country ", or the name of the Organization of American States.
The Spanish term norteamericano ( North American ), is frequently used to refer things and persons from the United States, but this term can also denote people and things from Canada, and the rest of North America.
With the 1994 passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement, the following words were used to label the United States Section of that organization: in French, étatsunien ; in Spanish, estadounidense.
* 1898 – An Armistice ends the SpanishAmerican War.
In Peru and Rio de la Plata many powerful figures proposed an American Monarchy such as those who wanted an independent Peruvian king of the still alive Inca Royal House, and those who requested a Prince of the Spanish house of Bourbon to come and rule directly in Lima, Mexico City or Bogota, as the Portuguese House of Orleans-Braganza had done in Rio de Janeiro.
Since then, American English has been influenced by the languages of West Africa, the Native American population, Spanish, and immigration.
As the end of the Spanish American War neared, the United States bought the Philippines from Spain for $ 20 million.
* After the Spanish American War, Carnegie offered to donate $ 20 million to the Philippines so they could buy their independence.
* 1898 – SpanishAmerican War: American troops enter the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
In July 1782, in a change of government, Thomas Townshend became Secretary of State for Home and American Affairs ,, and assumed responsibility for organising an expedition against Spanish America.
The Chilean War of Independence was part of the larger Spanish American independence movement, and it was far from having unanimous support among Chileans, who became divided between independentists and royalists.
This suppression and the success of independence movements in the former Spanish colonies on the North American mainland led to a rise of Cuban nationalism, and a number of independence conspiracies took place during the 1820s and 1830s, but all failed.
" That rich island ," he wrote on 1 December 1881, " the key to the Gulf of Mexico, is, though in the hands of Spain, a part of the American commercial system … If ever ceasing to be Spanish, Cuba must necessarily become American and not fall under any other European domination.
But essentially Chicanos, like some Mexicans, are American Indians who were influenced by the Spanish culture through conquest, while Latino or Hispanic refers to race / genetics.

Spanish and /
Louisiana Creole ( also called French Créole ) refers to native born people of the New Orleans area who are descended from the Colonial French and / or Spanish settlers of Colonial French Louisiana, before it became part of the United States in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase.
John C. Cavadini has challenged this notion by attempting to take the Spanish Christology in its own Spanish / North African context in his important study, The Last Christology of the West: Adoptionism in Spain and Gaul, 785 – 820.
Spanish / p t k /, for example, have voice onset times ( VOTs ) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English / p t k / have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for and 90, 95, and 125 for.
* Baltic Sea is used in English ; in the Baltic languages Latvian ( Baltijas jūra ) and Lithuanian ( Baltijos jūra ); in Latin ( Mare Balticum ) and the Romance languages French ( Mer Baltique ), Italian ( Mar Baltico ), Portuguese ( Mar Báltico ), Romanian ( Marea Baltică ) and Spanish ( Mar Báltico ); in Greek ( Βαλτική Θάλασσα ); in Albanian ( Deti Balltik ); in the Slavic languages Polish ( Morze Bałtyckie or Bałtyk ), Czech ( Baltské moře or Balt ), Croatian ( Baltičko more ), Slovenian ( Baltsko morje ), Bulgarian ( Baltijsko More ( Балтийско море ), Kashubian ( Bôłt ), Macedonian ( Балтичко Море / Baltičko More ), Ukrainian ( Балтійське море (" Baltijs ' ke More "), Belarusian ( Балтыйскае мора (" Baltyjskaje Mora "), Russian ( Балтийское море (" Baltiyskoye Morye ") and Serbian ( Балтичко море / Baltičko more ); in the Hungarian language ( Balti-tenger ); and also in Basque ( Itsaso Baltikoa )
Some people, ( mainly in Spanish / Catalan ), use the BCN acronym.
The idea of being " born again in Christ " inspired some common European forenames: French René / Renée ( also used in the Netherlands ), Dutch Renaat / Renate, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese Renato / Renata, Latin Renatus / Renata, which all mean " reborn ", " born again ".
* Californio, Nuevomexicano ( New Mexican Spanish ) or Tejano / a.
Some people believed that the Spanish style one piece neck / block and glued dovetail necks have better sustain, but testing has failed to confirm this.
While most traditional Spanish style builders use the one piece neck / heel block, Fleta a prominent Spanish builder used a dovetail joint due to the influence of his early training in violin making.

Spanish and Spaniards
The first article said " the Spanish Nation is the Spaniards from both sides of the Atlantic ".
The majority of the population is French, but there are sizable groups of Italians, Spaniards ( Up to 20 % of the Bordeaux population claim some degree of Spanish heritage ), Portuguese, Turks, Germans and North Africans ..
They became adept at raiding Spanish settlements and, albeit in declining numbers, managed to hold off the Spaniards and their descendants until the late nineteenth century.
The word " Mexico " as spoken in its original Nahuatl, and by the Spaniards at the time of the conquest, was pronounced originally with a " sh " sound (" Mesh-ee-co "), as opposed to current pronunciation, and was transcribed with an " x " as was the usage in Spanish at the time.
With the arrival of the Europeans the Spaniards brought the horses, mules and donkey ( which developed into the Paso Fino ) used by them in ranching duties later in the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
Cuitláhuac was made tlatoani of Tenochtitlan during the Spanish conquest of Mexico ; After Pedro de Alvarado had ordered the massacre in the Main Temple, the Aztecs were very upset and started to fight and put a siege to the Spaniards.
Most White Ecuadorans are of colonial era Spanish origin, also known as criollos ( literally meaning " localSpaniards ", as opposed to " Peninsulares ", which were Spaniards born in the Iberian Peninsula in Spain ).
His exploits were legendary, making him a hero to the English but a pirate to the Spaniards to whom he was known as El Draque, Draque being the Spanish pronunciation of " Drake ".
Immigration from Spain and intermarriage with Spaniards from the surrounding Spanish towns was a constant feature of Gibraltar's history until the then Spanish dictator, General Francisco Franco, closed the border with Gibraltar in 1969, cutting off many Gibraltarians from their relatives on the Spanish side of the frontier.
The Constitution of 1812 had eliminated all discrimination in the American colonies between Spaniards who were born in Spain and Spanish citizens who happened to be born in the colonies of New Spain.
The country was plagued by internecine strife, not merely between Spaniards but within Spanish parties.
After the tumult of the First Spanish Republic, Spaniards were willing to accept a return to stability under Bourbon rule.
Malinalli was introduced to the Spanish in April 1519, when she was among twenty slave women given by the Chontal Maya of Potonchan ( in the present-day state of Tabasco ) after the Spaniards defeated them in battle.
For three centuries Mexico was just another kingdom ( the New Spain ) of the Spanish Empire, during which time its indigenous population fell by more than half and was partially replaced by Spaniards and the now predominant Mestizos or mixture of Indigenous and Spanish populations.
Some of the Aztec stories about Moctezuma describe him as being fearful of the Spanish newcomers, and some sources, such as the Florentine codex, comment that the Aztecs believed the Spaniards to be gods and Cortés to be the returned god Quetzalcoatl.
In the west and highland areas where the Spanish settled, the indigenous population was almost completely wiped out by the rapid spread of new diseases brought by the Spaniards, for which the native population had no immunity, and the virtual enslavement of the remainder of the indigenous people.
From these contacts the Paraguayans came to realize that Spanish dominance in South America was coming to an end, and that they, and not the Spaniards, held the real power.
During fighting between the Christian Spaniards and the Muslims in Granada, the Spanish lost 3, 000 to war casualties, and 20, 000 to typhus.
After the Spanish conquest in the 16th century, Quechua continued to see considerable usage, as the " general language " and main means of communication between the Spaniards and the indigenous population, including for the Roman Catholic Church as a language of evangelisation.
During the Spanish colonial period, Spaniards developed a complex caste system based on race, which was used for social control and which also determined a person ’ s importance in society.

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