In 2000, two new clippers were built: Stad Amsterdam and Cisne Branco ( Brazilian Navy ).

Among the earliest practices that are frequently mentioned are Big Sky Telegraph ( Montana, USA ), Cleveland Free-Net ( Cleveland, USA ) Public Electronic Network ( PEN ) in Santa Monica ( California, USA ), Digital Stad in Amsterdam ( The Netherlands ).

Houbraken fecit na't Schilderij by de WelEd: Gestr: Hr. Mr. G. de Graeff, Schepen en Raad der Stad Amsterdam.

Even today the Dutch have a clipper sailing-the full rigged ship Stad Amsterdam.

* 2001: ( 1 ) Lichaam & Stad: three parts at the Wexner Center for the Arts, Columbus, Ohio, USA ; ( 2 ) Bolivia en Temps / Travail, November / December 2001, IDFA, Arti et Amicitiae, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

In the programme, the clipper Stad Amsterdam re-traced the route that Charles Darwin took aboard HMS Beagle ( 1831 – 36 ), a journey that played a seminal role in his thinking on evolution.

The Stad Amsterdam, the flag ship of SAIL Amsterdam 2010

* Stad Amsterdam ( 76 m, the ) ( the Flagship )

In 2005 that was the Stad Amsterdam, which was supposed to reach Amsterdam first, but she ran aground ( allegedly the fact that the Dutch crown prince Willem Alexander was at the helm had nothing to do with that ), so the Statsraad Lehmkuhl came in first ( it's not a contest, though ).

Amsterdam's harbour is known to be very shallow ( a centuries old problem ) and the Stad Amsterdam is a ' deep ' ship.

* Stad Amsterdam also is not a true replica as this is a generic clipper type ship combining the best qualities of clippers of the past with modern materials and technologies.

* Early historical information on Amsterdam

This is explained by the fact that the historical Old and Middle Dutch language area largely corresponded to the portion of Northwestern Europe that was economically focused on the Dutch-speaking cities of Bruges and Ghent ( later followed by Antwerp and Amsterdam ) resulting in a mental socio-economical border greatly limiting interaction.

The International Institute of Social History (, abbreviation: IISG ) is a historical research institute in Amsterdam.

The city centre of Amsterdam is Centrum, the historical heart of the city, while the CBD of Amsterdam is the Zuidas in the south.

The organisation chose Amsterdam to be its statutory headquarter due to the historical neutrality in relation to the founding organisations.

Baron d ' Holbach ( 1723-1789 )-" Ecce Homo-The History of Jesus of Nazareth, a Critical Inquiry " ( 1769 ), the first Life of Jesus described as a mere historical man, published anonymously in Amsterdam.

* Baron d ' Holbach ( 1723-1789 ): A leading French / German Encyclopedist, published anonymously in Amsterdam in 1769 " Ecce Homo-The History of Jesus of Nazareth, a Critical Inquiry ", the first Life of Jesus describing him as a mere historical man.

In 1637 Vondel wrote of his most popular works on the occasion of the opening of a new Amsterdam theatre: Gijsbreght van Aemstel, a play on a local historical figure loosely modeled on material from the Aeneid that is still staged to this day.

Dam Square lies in the historical center of Amsterdam, approximately 750 meters south of the main transportation hub, Centraal Station.

Sightseeing boats can be found in Amsterdam, Paris, and other touristic cities where historical monuments are located near water.

In 1707 he moved to Amsterdam, where for years he helped his father with his magnum opus, his art historical work De Groote Schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen ( 1718 – 1721 ).

It was the second largest city in historical Holland after Dordrecht and before Delft, Leiden, Amsterdam, Gouda and Rotterdam.

Van Beers's historical poems, the principal of which is, perhaps, Jakob Van Maerlant ( Amsterdam, 1860 ), helped the Flemish revival in Belgium as powerfully as his school-books.

In addition to portraits, he also executed some historical and mythological pictures, such as the Theseus and Ariadne in the Amsterdam town hall, now the Royal Palace.

Baron d ' Holbach ( 1723-1789 )-" Ecce Homo-The History of Jesus of Nazareth, a Critical Inquiry " ( 1769 ), the first Life of Jesus described as a mere historical man, published anonymously in Amsterdam.

* Baron d ' Holbach ( 1723-1789 )-" Ecce Homo-The History of Jesus of Nazareth, a Critical Inquiry " ( 1769 ), the first Life of Jesus described as a mere historical man, published anonymously in Amsterdam.

Dr. Anthony Tol served in the Documentation Center of the VU University in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, as an archivist for the collection of materials assembled there for 19th Century historical developments in that country.

Decasia ( 2002 ) used nothing but decaying film footage as an abstract tone poem of light and darkness, much like Peter Delpeut's more historical Lyrisch Nitraat ( Lyrical Nitrate, 1990 ) which contained only footage from canisters found stored in an Amsterdam cinema.

* Amsterdam Esnoga, a historical Great Synagogue in Amsterdam, now part of the Joods Historisch Museum ( Jewish History Museum )

Amsterdam is still the historical centre of the Amsterdam minhag, as used in the Netherlands and former Dutch possessions such as Surinam.

* Baron, Naomi S., Language acquisition and historical change, Amsterdam ; New York: North Holland Pub.

But in 1850 the barque Magdalena ( 377 ton ) was built in Amsterdam, and in 1853 four more ships with clipper lines were launched, of which the iron ship California ( 663 ton ) is the most famous.

The reconstruction was probably overseen by Jacob van Campen, who was later to make his name as the architect of Amsterdam Town Hall ( now The Dutch Royal Palace in Dam Square ).

The general silence of the historical record on modern shanties until as late as the 1840s, even as shipping shifted to the even faster clipper ships, suggests that they may not have come into widespread use until the middle of the century.

Currier and Ives was the most prolific and successful company of lithographers in the U. S. Its lithographs represented every phase of American life, and included the themes of hunting, fishing, whaling, city life, rural scenes, historical scenes, clipper ships, yachts, steamships, the Mississippi River, Hudson River scenes, railroads, politics, comedy, gold mining, winter scenes, commentary on life, portraits, and still lifes.

He had carried out his initial fieldwork in the Andaman Islands in the old style of historical reconstruction.

It is difficult to describe the parties and politics of Judah in this period because of the lack of historical source, but there seem to have been three important groups involved: the returnees from the exile who claimed the reconstruction with the support of Cyrus I ; " the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin "; and a third group, " people of the land ," who seem to be local opposition against the returnees building the Temple in Jerusalem.

The reconstruction that followed left very little historical remains and the post-war reconstruction period saw drastic renovation plans in highrise style, some of which were implemented.

Most biblical scholars and historians of ancient Israel today view the patriarchical narratives, including the life of Jacob, as late ( 6th and 5th centuries BCE ) literary compositions that have ideological and theological purposes but are unreliable for historical reconstruction of the presettlement period of Israel ’ s past.

Bloomfield used the materials collected in his descriptive work to undertake comparative studies leading to the reconstruction of Proto-Algonquian, with an early study reconstructing the sound system of Proto-Algonqian, and a subsequent more extensive paper refining his phonological analysis and adding extensive historical information on general features of Algonquian grammar.

But this period also saw the reconstruction ( and razing ) of much of the historical city centre.

A historical reconstruction of West Sudanic was published in 1927, and in his 1935 ' Charakter und Einteilung der Sudansprachen ' he conclusively established the relationship between Bantu and West Sudanic.

Besides the renovation of various buildings, projects such as the reconstruction of the pavement of the streets and squares ( reversing them to their historical appearance ), and the introduction of new plants, trees and objects of ' small architecture ', are underway.

Further attempts at reconstruction of surviving accounts of historical celebrations are often made, a hallmark being variations of the traditional.

This historical reconstruction accords best with the observed levels of divergence within the family, whereby the most divergent languages are found furthest west ( since they constitute the earliest branchings during eastern migration ), and the shallowest subgroupings are found furthest to the east ( Eastern Algonquian, and arguably Core Central ).

Commenting on the fact that Egyptologists have no problem in reconstructing history using inference of this sort, whereas critics will sometimes not allow the same historical method to be applied to the Bible, Young writes, " Do those who reject the Menahem / Pekah rivalry as improbable also reject as improbable this reconstruction from Egypt's Eighteenth Dynasty that Egyptologists use to explain the regnal dates of Thutmose III?

According to Karl Mannheim's historical reconstruction of the shifts in the meaning of ideology, the modern meaning of the word was born when Napoleon Bonaparte ( as a politician ) used it in an abusive way against " the ideologues " ( a group which included Cabanis, Condorcet, Constant, Daunou, Say, Madame de Staël, and Tracy ), to express the pettiness of his ( liberal republican ) political opponents.

However, neither of these two books are of a historical nature, despite containing elements that help in the reconstruction of Orosius ’ s life.

The Clusius garden ( a reconstruction ), the 18th century Orangery with its monumental tub plants, the rare collection of historical trees hundreds of years old, the Japanese Siebold Memorial Museum symbolising the historical link between East and West, the tropical greenhouses with their world class plant collections, and the central square and Conservatory exhibiting exotic plants from South Africa and southern Europe.

At Kenilworth the speculative and commercial reconstruction of the castle gardens in an Elizabethan style led to a vigorous academic debate over the interpretation of archaeological and historical evidence.

The seminar's reconstruction of the historical Jesus portrays him as an itinerant Hellenistic Jewish sage and faith healer who preached a gospel of liberation from injustice in startling parables and aphorisms.

Wells concludes that the reconstruction of this historical figure from the extant literature would be a hopeless task.

Reliable historical accounts of the battle are scarce ; however, a critical comparison with historically contemporaneous battles ( such as Angora or Nikopolis ) enables reliable reconstruction.

Contrary to many other historical works of the time, Pasquier was seeking to create an accurate reconstruction of past for the present needs of France, which he held to be in a period of crisis.

This book is a reconstruction of the life of Rani Lakshmi Bai from extensive research of both historical documents ( collected mostly by G. C. Tambe, grandson of the Queen ) and folk tales, poetry and oral tradition ; the original in Bengali was published in 1956 ; the English translation by Seagull Books, Calcutta, 2000, ISBN 8170461758.

Rudolf Wolf ( 1816 – 1893 ), Swiss astronomer, carried out historical reconstruction of solar activity back to the seventeenth century

A modern reconstruction, in fiberglass and wood, of a historical composite bow