* An obsolete letter Stigma in the Greek alphabet

Stigma and discrimination can add to the suffering and disability associated with mental disorders ( or with being diagnosed or judged as having a mental disorder ), leading to various social movements attempting to increase understanding and challenge social exclusion.

* " Pandemonium " ( Kaze no Stigma ), an episode of Kaze no Stigma

* Stigma ( anatomy ), a small spot, mark, scar, or minute hole

* Stigma ( botany ), part of the female reproductive part of a flower

* Stigma ( book ), a 1963 book written by Erving Goffman

* Stigma ( manga ), a Japanese manga story by Kazuya Minekura

* Stigma ( EMF album ), an album recorded by the band EMF in 1992

* Stigma ( Irish band ), formed 1992 in Dublin

* " Stigma " ( Star Trek: Enterprise ), a second-season episode of Star Trek: Enterprise

* Stigma ( film ), a 1972 film featuring Philip Michael Thomas

* Stigma ( wrestler ), a professional wrestler

As the use of Latin within black metal " had escalated " ( according to the Stigma Diabolicum re-release booklet ), the name was changed to Thorns in 1991.

Her other manga series include Wild Adapter, Shiritsu Araiso Koto Gakko Seitokai Shikkobu ( Araiso Private School Student Council Executive Committee ), and Stigma.

Some of these shapes may be indistinguishable from realizations of the other Greek numeral, Stigma, in other fonts.

In October 2007, Greek label Kyrck Productions released the Stigma Diabolicum compilation, which featured both the Grymyrk and Trøndertun demos, as well as material from the Stigma Diabolicum demos Lacus de Luna and Luna de Nocturnus and two tracks (" Thule " and " Fall ") from a 1991 Thorns rehearsal.

Its generic name is a combination of two Greek words: Stigma meaning " mark " or " point "* and Chelone ( Χελωνη ) meaning " tortoise ".

Stigma is a Greek word that in its origins referred to a type of marking or tattoo that was cut or burned into the skin of criminals, slaves, or traitors in order to visibly identify them as blemished or morally polluted persons.

The earliest certain ancestor of " A " is aleph ( also called ' aleph ), the first letter of the Phoenician alphabet ( which, by consisting entirely of consonants, is an abjad rather than a true alphabet ).

) While Rotokas has a small alphabet because it has few phonemes to represent ( just eleven ), Book Pahlavi was small because many letters had been conflated — that is, the graphic distinctions had been lost over time, and diacritics were not developed to compensate for this as they were in Arabic, another script that lost many of its distinct letter shapes.

An abugida ( from Ge ‘ ez አቡጊዳ ’ äbugida ), also called an alphasyllabary, is a segmental writing system in which consonant – vowel sequences are written as a unit: each unit is based on a consonant letter, and vowel notation is secondary.

The high price was likely due to the rare documents and packaging offered in the sale in addition to the computer, including the original packaging ( with the return label showing Steve Jobs ' parents ' address, the original Apple Computer Inc ' headquarters ' being their garage ), a personally typed and signed letter from Jobs ( answering technical questions about the computer ), and the original invoice showing ' Steven ' as the salesman.

Puttenham, in the time of Elizabeth I of England, wished to start from Elissabet Anglorum Regina ( Elizabeth Queen of the English ), to obtain Multa regnabis ense gloria ( By thy sword shalt thou reign in great renown ); he explains carefully that H is " a note of aspiration only and no letter ", and that Z in Greek or Hebrew is a mere SS.

William Drummond of Hawthornden, in an essay On the Character of a Perfect Anagram, tried to lay down permissible rules ( such as S standing for Z ), and possible letter omissions.

It is called Hanat in a Babylonian letter, ( about 2200 BC ), a-na-at by the scribes of Tukulti-Ninurta ( 885 BC ), and An-at by the scribe of Assur-nasir-pal ( 879 B. C.

In 1983 he wrote an extended manuscript ( about 600 pages ) entitled Pursuing Stacks, stimulated by correspondence with Ronald Brown, ( see also R. Brown and Tim Porter at University of Bangor in Wales ), and starting with a letter addressed to Daniel Quillen.

It is has been argued that Luke may be writing: a letter of apology ( traditionally a defense for one ’ s beliefs ), a letter of legitimation for Christian beliefs, a letter to equip the church to function amidst the Roman Empire, or a letter that is apolitical.

The printed edition ( Presburg, 1838 ), prepared by M. L. Bislichis, contains: ( 1 ) Preface ; ( 2 ) a treatise of eighteen chapters on the incorporeality of God ; ( 3 ) correspondence ; ( 4 ) a treatise, called Sefer ha-Yarḥi, included also in letter 58 ; ( 5 ) a defense of The Guide and its author by Shem-Tob Palquera ( Grätz, Gesch.

iii. 74a ), is in the main pure Hebrew, and even includes Hebrew translations of Greek proper names, to avoid the danger of possible exposure should the letter have fallen into the hands of enemies and informers ( compare Eruvin 53b ).

* A ( Cyrillic ), the first letter of the Early Cyrillic alphabet

Athanasius ' letters include one " Letter Concerning the Decrees of the Council of Nicaea " ( De Decretis ), which is an account of the proceedings of that council, and another letter in the year 367 which was the first known listing of the New Testament including all those books now accepted everywhere as the New Testament.

* Bar ( diacritic ), a line through a letter or other grapheme

The lowercase letter o for octet is defined as the symbol for octet in IEC 80000-13 and is commonly used in several non-English languages ( e. g., French and Romanian ), and is also used with metric prefixes ( for example, ko and Mo )

* Be ( Cyrillic ), a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet

Cuthbert, a disciple of Bede's, wrote a letter to a Cuthwin ( of whom nothing else is known ), describing Bede's last days and his death.

Bayer assigned a lower-case Greek letter, such as alpha ( α ), beta ( β ), gamma ( γ ), etc., to each star he catalogued, combined with the Latin name of the star ’ s parent constellation in genitive ( possessive ) form.

The shape of the letter went through a development from x16px through x16px, x16px, x16px, x16px to x16px or x16px, which at that point was conflated with the σ-τ ligature x16px.

Historically the å has developed from a ligature by writing a small a on top of the letter a ; if an å character is unavailable, some Scandinavian languages allow the substitution of a doubled a.

Such a letter or ligature, with its diacritics, is called an " syllable ".

For instance, the letter yu Ⱓ is thought to have perhaps originally had the sound / u /, but was displaced by the adoption of an ow ligature Ⱆ under the influence of later Cyrillic.

The shift from the ligature ‹ vv › to the distinct letter ‹ w › is thus gradual, and is only apparent in abecedaria, explicit listings of all individual letters.

The internal capitalization in the spelling is because IJ is a digraph in Dutch, possibly a ligature, and sometimes considered a single letter ( see IJ ( digraph )).

The fact that there are thirteen letters in two of the mottos (" e pluribus unum " and " annuit cœptis ") seems to be coincidental ( and depends on whether one considers the ligature " œ " to be one letter or two ).

In typesetting technical literature, it is a commonly made mistake to use the German letter ß ( a double-s ligature ) as a replacement for β.

Æ ( minuscule: æ ) is a grapheme formed from the letters a and e. Originally a ligature representing a Latin diphthong, it has been promoted to the full status of a letter in the alphabets of some languages, including Danish, Norwegian, Icelandic and Faroese.

This is often considered incorrect especially when rendering foreign words where æ is considered a letter ( e. g. Æsir, Ærø ) or brand names which make use of the ligature ( e. g. Æon Flux, Encyclopædia Britannica ).

In some medieval scripts, the ligature was simplified to ę, small letter e with ogonek, the e caudata.

Although these names suggest it is a ligature or a diacritical variant of the letter o, it is considered a separate letter in Norwegian and Danish, and it is alphabetized after " z "— thus z, æ, ø, and å.

In the German alphabet, ß ( Unicode U + 00DF ) is a consonant letter that evolved as a ligature of " long s and z " ( ſz ) and " long s over round s " ( ſs ).

The present-day German letter ß ( das Eszett " the ess-zed ", or scharfes-ess " the sharp S "; also used in Low German and historical Upper Sorbian orthographies ) is considered to have originated in a ligature of ſz ( which is supported by the fact that the second part of the ß glyph usually resembles a Fraktur z ), or ſs ( see ß for more ), or some Tironian notes.

* Æ or æ, a letter and ligature in the Latin alphabet

Examples with ligature include Ærøskøbing in Danish, where Æ / æ is a completely separate letter rather than merely a typographic ligature ( the same applies in Icelandic ); with separate characters include Llanelli in Welsh, where Ll is a single letter ; and Ffrangeg in Welsh where Ff is equivalent to English F ( whereas Welsh F corresponds to English V ).

The fi ligature would obscure the distinction and is therefore not used in Turkish typography, and neither are other ligatures like that for fl, which correspond to rare letter combinations anyway.

If the i and the j belong to different syllables, such as in the mathematical term bijectie ( syllablized " bi • jec • tie "), they are not considered to form a ligature or a single letter.

In other scripts, this only occurred in a ligature with the letter o.

The use of the æ digraph or ligature ( a and e rendered together as one letter ) in dæmon is taken from Scandinavian languages such as Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian, but probably used because the Latin word for demon is daemon ( which is pronounced somewhat like dæmon ).