The notion that meringue was invented in the Swiss town of Meiringen and improved by an Italian chef named Gasparini in the 18th century is contested ; the Oxford English Dictionary states that the French word is of unknown origin.

Condensed milk is used in recipes for the popular Brazilian candy brigadeiro, in which condensed milk is the main ingredient ( the most famous condensed milk brand in Brazil is Moça, local version of Swiss Milch Mädchen marketed by Nestlé ), lemon meringue pie, key lime pie, caramel candies, and other desserts.

This is an unsolved problem which probably has never been seriously investigated, although one frequently hears the comment that we have insufficient specialists of the kind who can compete with the Germans or Swiss, for example, in precision machinery and mathematics, or the Finns in geochemistry.

A Barrette Swiss pattern file is handy since its triangular shape with only one cutting face will allow you to work a surface without marring an adjoining one.

* 1291 – The Old Swiss Confederacy is formed with the signature of the Federal Charter.

The well-known " Ranz des Vaches " ( score ; audio ) is a traditional Swiss melody often heard on the alphorn.

In the great mixed invasion of 406, the Alemanni appear to have crossed the Rhine river a final time, conquering and then settling what is today Alsace and a large part of the Swiss Plateau.

Today, Alemannic is a linguistic term, referring to Alemannic German, encompassing the dialects of the southern two thirds of Baden-Württemberg ( German State ), in western Bavaria ( German State ), in Vorarlberg ( Austrian State ), Swiss German in Switzerland and the Alsatian language of the Alsace ( France ).

* 1792 – French Revolution: Storming of the Tuileries Palace – Louis XVI of France is arrested and taken into custody as his Swiss Guards are massacred by the Parisian mob.

Aarau (, locally ) is the capital of the northern Swiss canton of Aargau.

Aarau is situated on the Swiss plateau, in the valley of the Aar, on the river's right bank, and at the southern foot of the Jura mountains, and is west of Zurich.

The canton of Aargau is one of the least mountainous Swiss cantons, forming part of a great table-land, to the north of the Alps and the east of the Jura, above which rise low hills.

* 1500 – Ludovico Sforza is captured by the Swiss troops at Novara and is handed over to the French.

The folding pocketknife and utility tool is typified by the Camper or Boy Scout pocketknife, the U. S. folding utility knife, the Swiss Army Knife, and by multi-tools fitted with knife blades.

A Swiss company, Paiste, uses a tougher B8 bronze which is made from 8 % tin and 92 % copper in the majority of their cymbals.

The local variant of the Swiss German dialects is called Basel German.

The airport itself is split into two architecturally independent sectors, one half serving the French side and the other half serving the Swiss side ; prior to Schengen there was a customs point at the middle of the airport so that people could " emigrate " to the other side of the airport.

The Swiss teacher, author and caricature artist Rodolphe Töpffer ( Geneva, 1799 – 1846 ) is considered the father of the modern comic strips.

Since then, the Swiss People's Party has moved to the extreme right and is no longer considered to be conservative.

These include the largest, the Swiss People's Party ( SVP ), the Christian Democratic People's Party ( CVP ), represented in the Federal Council or cabinet by Doris Leuthard ( in 2011 ), and the Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland ( BDP ), which is a spliter of the SVP created after a failed attempt to expel Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf from the SVP.

An example of this is how the fundamental basis of Swiss citizenship is citizenship of an individual commune, from which follows citizenship of a canton and of the Confederation.

The census is now being conducted by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office.

Another cell involved in CMT is the Schwann cell, which creates the myelin sheath, by wrapping its plasma membrane around the axon in a structure that is sometimes compared to a Swiss roll.

* 1388 – Despite being outnumbered 16 to 1, forces of the Old Swiss Confederacy are victorious over the Archduchy of Austria in the Battle of Näfels.

But on his arrival, all was chaos – " Scarcely had my troops got over when the dragoons and Swiss who had preceded us, came tumbling down upon my battalions in full flight … My own fellows turned about and fled along with them.

This aggressive new doctrine gave the Swiss victory over a range of adversaries, and their enemies found that the only reliable way to defeat them was by the use of an even more comprehensive combined arms doctrine, as evidenced in the Battle of Marignano.

* 1386 – The Old Swiss Confederacy makes great strides in establishing control over its territory by soundly defeating the Archduchy of Austria in the Battle of Sempach.

Centuries later, the organized militia of Swiss pikemen enjoyed similar advantages over less well trained contemporary militaries which were identically equipped, which emphasizes the importance of training and unit cohesion in the scheme.

In 1920 the Vox-group had taken over the building and the following year commissioned its remodelling by Swiss architect Rudolf Otto Salvisberg ( 1882 – 1940 ), and then erected two transmitting antennae.

Once World War I started in 1914, the Goetheanum volunteers could hear the sound of cannon fire beyond the Swiss border, but despite the war, people from all over Europe worked peaceably side by side on the building's construction.

Upon seeing this, an offended Swiss Guardsman rushed over and knocked the hat off of his head.

Only after the victory of King Otto I over the Magyars in 955 in the Battle of Lechfeld, were the Swiss territories reintegrated into the empire.

The Confederation's power and wealth increased significantly, with victories over Charles the Bold of Burgundy during the 1470s and the success of Swiss mercenaries.

From then, and over much of the 20th century, continuous political, economic, and social improvement has characterized Swiss history.

In the 1990s, controversy over a class-action lawsuit brought in Brooklyn, New York over Jewish assets in Holocaust-era bank accounts prompted the Swiss government to commission the most recent and authoritative study of Switzerland's interaction with the Nazi regime.

The difficulty of defending Swiss airspace is illustrated by the mountainous character and the small size of the country ; the maximum extension of Switzerland is 348 km, a distance that can be flown in a little over 20 minutes by commercial aircraft.

However, over the years, the Swiss army has been part of several peacekeeping missions around the world.

Since the responsibilities of the NNSC have been much reduced over the past few years, only five people are still part of the Swiss delegation, which is located near the Korean DMZ.

On December 16, 2006 he was transferred by the highly specialized, ICU equipped, Swiss Air Ambulance Bombardier Challenger Jet http :// www. rega. ch /, reportedly made possible and organized in a bold and daring action by the Swiss banker, Pascal Najadi, who was able to convince the REGA Flight Operations over the phone from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, ( perhaps because he was an active patron of the REGA Swiss Air Ambulance ) to swiftly approve the decision to fly without any payment guarantees and assemble at highest possible speed within 48 hours the necessary flight plan, specialized doctors, logistics and Vietnam airspace ( Northern Sector ) entry clearances for the Jet to take off from Zurich HQ, via Lahore to Hanoi, then to proceed with the critical patient in full ICU care of specialized Swiss Doctors and immediate family on board, via Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Edmonton to Boston, Massachusetts, where the plane was met by US Customs ( thanks to the help of Senator John Kerry ).

* The Sum of All Fears ( 1990 – 91 ) – Israel partially cedes sovereignty over Jerusalem to the Vatican and Saudi Arabia, and the city becomes a UN protectorate policed by Swiss Guards.

Hence, correlation does not imply causation ; in example, Gould said that the measures of the changes, over time, in " my age, the population of México, the price of Swiss cheese, my pet turtle ’ s weight, and the average distance between galaxies " have a high, positive correlation — yet that correlation does not indicate that Gould ’ s age increased because the Mexican population increased.

As one longtime reader wrote to Yagoda, this was a place ' where Peter DeVries ... was forever lifting a glass of Piesporter, where Niccolò Tucci ( in a plum velvet dinner jacket ) flirted in Italian with Muriel Spark, where Nabokov sipped tawny port from a prismatic goblet ( while a Red Admirable perched on his pinky ), and where John Updike tripped over the master's Swiss shoes, excusing himself charmingly ".

After the victory of Louis's successor Francis I over the Swiss at the Battle of Marignano, the duchy was promised to the French king Francis I.