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resistance and flux
In Type II superconductors, raising the applied field past a critical value H < sub > c1 </ sub > leads to a mixed state ( also known as the vortex state ) in which an increasing amount of magnetic flux penetrates the material, but there remains no resistance to the flow of electric current as long as the current is not too large.
Since the core flux is proportional to the applied voltage, the iron loss can be represented by a resistance R < sub > C </ sub > in parallel with the ideal transformer.
With q as the electronic charge, is the wavelength of interest, h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, k is Boltzmann's constant, T is the temperature of the detector, is the zero-bias dynamic resistance area product ( often measured experimentally, but also expressible in noise level assumptions ), is the quantum efficiency of the device, and is the total flux of the source ( often a blackbody ) in photons / sec / cm².
These techniques are used for a variety of reasons, including the establishment of secure communications, increasing resistance to natural interference, noise and jamming, to prevent detection, and to limit power flux density ( e. g. in satellite downlinks ).
In a heat flux DSC, both pans sit on a small slab of material with a known ( calibrated ) heat resistance K. The temperature of the calorimeter is raised linearly with time ( scanned ), i. e., the heating rate
Any perfect conductor will prevent any change to magnetic flux passing through its surface due to ordinary electromagnetic induction at zero resistance.
This increases the " resistance " ( reluctance ) of the magnetic circuit, decreasing the total magnetic flux in the core.
Under uniform conditions it is the ratio of the temperature difference across an insulator and the heat flux ( heat transfer per unit area, ) through it or. The R-value being discussed is the unit thermal resistance.
Competing welding processes such as resistance welding and oxyfuel welding were developed during this time as well ; but both, especially the latter, faced stiff competition from arc welding especially after metal coverings ( known as flux ) for the electrode, to stabilize the arc and shield the base material from impurities, continued to be developed.
where is a small residual resistance in the superconducting windings due to joints or a phenomenon called flux motion resistance.
Some water-soluble flux residues are hygroscopic, which causes problems with electrical resistance and contributes to corrosion.
The pressure difference is approximated by the product of the total resistance of the respective arteriole and the flux of blood through it:
This means alnico can produce a strong magnetic flux in closed magnetic circuit, but has relatively small resistance against demagnetization.
In likeness to the way an electric field causes an electric current to follow the path of least resistance, a magnetic field causes magnetic flux to follow the path of least magnetic reluctance.
The electrical resistance of such cylinders shows a periodic oscillation with the magnetic flux piercing the cylinder, the period being
The electrical resistance of such cylinders shows a periodic oscillation with the magnetic flux through the cylinder, the period being h / 2e = 2. 07 × 10 < sup >− 15 </ sup > V · s.
The latter, in addition to having no electrical resistance, exhibit quantum effects such as the Meissner effect and quantization of magnetic flux through closed loops.
This constitutes a lossless " resistance " to electric induction flux, and is therefore real, not complex.
In likeness to the way an electric field causes an electric current to follow the path of least resistance, a magnetic field causes magnetic flux to follow the path of least magnetic reluctance.
It is sometimes known as Hopkinson's law and is analogous to Ohm's Law with resistance replaced by reluctance, voltage by MMF and current by magnetic flux.
The " lossy " dielectric complex reluctance represents a dielectric circuit element's resistance to not only electric induction flux but also to changes in electric induction flux.

resistance and is
Moreover its posture of stubborn but simple resistance is doomed to failure because of the metaphysical weakness of the existent form of order, once the activation of change has reached visible proportions.
That is how the real routine of resistance goes on, and its strength is directly proportionate to the number of insignificant people who can let themselves be taken to pieces, piece by piece, without quitting.
One simple method of measuring the expansion of the heart is to tie a thin rubber tube, filled with mercury, around the heart and record the change in resistance as the tube is stretched.
For outdoor signs and displays, where the problem of weathering resistance is no longer a factor, the choice of plastics is almost unlimited.
If word classes differ in their resistance or liability to stem replacement within meaning slot, it is conceivable that individual meanings also differ with fair consistence trans-lingually.
We are abstracting from the fact of strikes here, but it should be obvious that the extent to which the public-limit price is raised by a given increase in the basic wage rate is also a function of the show of resistance put up by the industry.
Public indignation and resistance to wage-price increases is obviously much less when the increases are on the order of 3% per annum than when the increases are on the order of 3% per month.
Between the ages of two and four years, negativism or resistance to adult authority is noticeable ; ;
A second factor which enters into the practical measurement of the instrumentally determined cutting force is the frictional resistance caused by the bottom of the knife against the substrate.
In temperature resistance, this quality is usually related to specific properties, e.g., flexural, tensile strengths, etc..
This, however, is sufficient to show that more or less non-violent resistance and economic conflict ( if both sides are strong enough ) can be war of all against all no less than if other means are used.
It is clear that non-violent resistance is a mode of action in need of justification and limitation in Christian morality, like any other form of resistance.
and again, that `` the object of non-violent resistance is partly analogous to this object of war -- namely, to demoralize the opponent, to break his will, to destroy his confidence, enthusiasm, and hope.
In another respect it is dissimilar, for non-violent resistance demoralizes the opponent only to re-establish in him a new morale that is firmer because it is based on sounder values ''.
A trial of strength, however, is made quite inevitable by virtue of the fact that anyone engaging in non-violent resistance will be convinced that his action is based on sounder values than those of his opponent ; ;

resistance and proportional
Ohm's law is a basic law of circuit theory, stating that the current passing through a resistance is directly proportional to the potential difference across it.
For either enhancement-or depletion-mode devices, at drain-to-source voltages much less than gate-to-source voltages, changing the gate voltage will alter the channel resistance, and drain current will be proportional to drain voltage ( referenced to source voltage ).
File: Georg Simon Ohm3. jpg | Georg Ohm ( 1789-1854 ): found that there is a direct proportionality between the electric current I and the potential difference ( voltage ) V applied across a conductor, and that this current is inversely proportional to the resistance R in the circuit, or I = V / R, known as Ohm's law, namesake of the unit of electrical resistance ( the ohm )
Ohm's law states that the voltage ( V ) across a resistor is proportional to the current ( I ), where the constant of proportionality is the resistance ( R ).
This formulation states that the current ( I ) is proportional to the voltage ( V ) and inversely proportional to the resistance ( R ).
Over small changes in temperature, if the right semiconductor is used, the resistance of the material is linearly proportional to the temperature.
Like the BaTiO < sub > 3 </ sub > thermistor, this device has a highly nonlinear resistance / temperature response and is used for switching, not for proportional temperature measurement.
For use as a voltmeter, a series resistance is added so that the angular rotation becomes proportional to the applied voltage.
In the small airways where flow is laminar, resistance is proportional to gas viscosity and is not related to density and so heliox has little effect.
In the large airways where flow is turbulent, resistance is proportional to density, so heliox has a significant effect.
In the usual circuit found in analog multimeters, the meter deflection is inversely proportional to the resistance ; so full-scale is 0 ohms, and high resistance corresponds to smaller deflections.
The high-frequency resistance is inversely proportional to the DC bias current through the diode.
But when comparing Sherman's scorched-earth campaigns to the actions of the British Army during the Second Boer War ( 1899 – 1902 )— another war in which civilians were targeted because of their central role in sustaining an armed resistance — South African historian Hermann Giliomee declares that it " looks as if Sherman struck a better balance than the British commanders between severity and restraint in taking actions proportional to legitimate needs ".
An antenna's effective length is proportional to the square root of the antenna's gain for a particular frequency and radiation resistance.
Their main difference is the image quality, which is proportional to the time taken to transfer the image and in the case of the AVT modes, related to synchronous data transmission methods and noise resistance conferred by the use of interlace.
The product of the resistance and capacitance ( R × C ) is the time constant ( τ ); it is inversely proportional to the cutoff frequency f < sub > c </ sub >, that is,
If Stoke's law holds then the resistance to motion is directly proportional to speed.
An object of uniform cross section has a resistance proportional to its resistivity and length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area.
Conductance is proportional to how much flow occurs for a given pressure, and resistance is proportional to how much pressure is required to achieve a given flow.

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