Three explanations for the occurrence of helpers at the nest have been put forward ; they are not mutually exclusive, and in any particular species an investigation of the exact benefits and costs will be needed to see what combination of these factors may have driven the evolution of helping.

An excellent and meticulously researched work dealing with Catharism in the context of the Inquisition's evolution ; analyses Inquisitorial practice as the construction of the " confessing subject ".

For continuous dynamical systems, the map τ is understood to be a finite time evolution map and the construction is more complicated.

This research has been implemented in fluid construction grammar ( FCG ), a formalism for construction grammars that has been specially designed for the origins and evolution of language.

Some linguists, such as John McWhorter, have analyzed the evolution and construction of basic communication methods such as Pidginization and Creolization.

Laser science is principally concerned with quantum electronics, laser construction, optical cavity design, the physics of producing a population inversion in laser media, and the temporal evolution of the light field in the laser.

Built in several stages, the continuing evolution of its design joined Gothic construction and decoration with Renaissance ideals, as seen in the tombs and the 17th and 18th century Granadan art in the Chapel of Santa Cruz.

The Organ: Its evolution, principles of construction and use ( 4th ed .).

* History, construction, and evolution of tipis plus Photos and drawings

Webs of theridiid spiders: construction, structure and evolution.

The gradual and still ongoing historical evolution in the construction of instruments and in the training of musicians, as part of the evolution of aesthetic sense, has produced a corresponding evolution in sounds and styles.

Moodle was originally developed by Martin Dougiamas to help educators create online courses with a focus on interaction and collaborative construction of content, and is in continual evolution.

The last major authorization for construction projects occurred in the late 1960s, while a parallel evolution and development of the American environmental movement began to result in strong opposition to water development projects.

( A similar construction occurred in the evolution of RC5 into RC6 ).

Data from the mission allowed the construction of a detailed map of the surface composition of the Moon, and helped to improve understanding of the origin, evolution, current state, and resources of the Moon.

Rosarito's evolution was marked with further construction and the development of shopping centers and more restaurants and shops were established along the main street.

Several biologists have argued that niche construction is as important to evolution as natural selection ( i. e., not only does an environment cause changes in species through selection, but species also cause changes in their environment through niche construction ).

The speed at which humans are able to construct niches modifies the selection pressures and either genetic evolution or further niche construction can result.

An example of genetic evolution through niche construction with the inclusion of an abiotic factor: Yam cultivators in West Africa cut clearings in forests to grow crops, but resulted in much standing water which attracted mosquitoes and increased the rate of malaria.

The gradual evolution in the fort construction in the 19th century led to two schools, the ' French ' and ' German '.

Despite the evolution of the North American auto market to include most of the world's major automakers, and the ongoing proliferation of U. S. safety regulations, the previously-existing market oligopoly still exerts strong influence: American vehicle equipment and construction regulations are based almost entirely on Society of Automotive Engineers ( SAE ) standards, which were written almost entirely by U. S. automakers.

The resemblances between swifts and swallows are due to convergent evolution, reflecting similar life styles based on catching insects in flight.

The resemblances between the swallows and swifts are due to convergent evolution reflecting similar life styles.

It is the gradual unfolding and deepening of this contradiction which creates the inner dialectic of the evolution of the mystery story.

As a Humanist, Dr. Huxley interests himself in the possibilities of human development, and one thing we can say about this suggestion, which comes from a leading zoologist, is that, so far as he is concerned, the scientific outlook places no rigid limitation upon the idea of future human evolution.

The study of altruism was the initial impetus behind George R. Price's development of the Price equation, which is a mathematical equation used to study genetic evolution.

Lizards and some frogs have somewhat similar osteoderms forming bony deposits in the dermis but this is an example of convergent evolution with similar structures having arisen independently in diverse vertebrate lineages.

Since the evolution of the Aramaic alphabet out of the Phoenician one was a gradual process, the division of the world's alphabets into those derived from the Phoenician one directly and those derived from Phoenician via Aramaic is somewhat artificial.

One view, especially held in evolutionary psychology, is that the presence of venomous spiders led to the evolution of a fear of spiders or made acquisition of a fear of spiders especially easy.

The alternative view is that the dangers, such as from spiders, are overrated and not sufficient to influence evolution.

Some early scientists such as Georg Ernst Stahl ( 1659-1734 ) and Francisque Bouillier ( 1813 – 1899 ) had supported a form of animism which life and mind, the directive principle in evolution and growth, holding that all cannot be traced back to chemical and mechanical processes, but that there is a directive force which guides energy without altering its amount.

He is best known for independently proposing a theory of evolution due to natural selection that prompted Charles Darwin to publish his own theory.

The evolution of the numerals in early Europe is shown on a table created by the French scholar J. E.

Natural history is the study and description of organisms and natural objects, especially their origins, evolution, and interrelationships.

In evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation is the evolution of ecological and phenotypic diversity within a rapidly multiplying lineage.

A classic example is the evolution of a fourth cusp in the mammalian tooth.

What evolution is.

It is an evolution from the heterogeneous to the homogeneous, and is clearly another step in the upward path of development .”

The novel starts with an imaginative description of the evolution of this superintelligence through exponentially accelerating developmental stages, culminating in a transcendent, nigh-omnipotent power that is unfathomable to mere humans.

It is also representative of the evolution and direction of our team .” During the 2003 preseason Michael Vick broke his leg and missed the first twelve games of the season.

The anthroposophical view is that good is found in the balance between two polar, generally evil influences on world and human evolution.

The evidence for Aelbert ’ s evolution to foreground figure painter is in the production of some paintings from 1645-50 featuring foreground animals that do not fit with Jacob ’ s style.

Astrobiology is the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of extraterrestrial life.

As a military writer, his position in the evolution of the art of war is very important, and his doctrines had naturally the greatest weight.

Among some creationists the cave tetra is seen as evidence against evolution.