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Page "Continuum mechanics" ¶ 45
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material and points
The points within this region are called particles or material points.
Thus, the material body will occupy different configurations at different times so that a particle occupies a series of points in space which describe a pathline.
* The material points forming a closed curve at any instant will always form a closed curve at any subsequent time.
Continuity in the Lagrangian description is expressed by the spatial and temporal continuity of the mapping from the reference configuration to the current configuration of the material points.
# Molecules are thought as particles with volume, not material points.
In the presence of dissolved impurities, the defects in the lattice that function as cleavage points may get blocked and the material becomes harder.
The archaeological remains that are considered to date from the time of Solomon are notable for the fact that Canaanite material culture appears to have continued unabated ; there is a distinct lack of magnificent empire, or cultural development-indeed comparing pottery from areas traditionally assigned to Israel with that of the Philistines points to the Philistines having been significantly more sophisticated.
For several millennia, bronze was the material of choice for weapons such as swords, daggers, battle axes, and spear and arrow points, as well as protective gear such as shields, helmets, shin guards, and other body armor.
The notebook was a compilation of programming ideas designed to teach specific curriculum points, provided extended definitions of curriculum goals, and assisted the writers and producers in translating the goals into televised material.
Leavitt's and Sargent's shows differed little from the coarser material presented in earlier itinerant entertainments, although their use of the term to provide a veneer of respectability points to an early effort to cater variety amusements to the growing middle class.
The case for a ring was strengthened by the subsequent finding of the presence of a set of small ultraviolet-bright spots distributed along Rhea's equator ( interpreted as the impact points of deorbiting ring material ).
After the Dean had left, the young man with a trembled voice started to lecture a course on the dynamics of material points, instead of a course on dynamical systems.
When counting up the material for each side, typical values for pieces are 1 point for a pawn, 3 points for a knight or bishop, 5 points for a rook, and 9 points for a queen.
For composers, the sonata form is like the plot of a play or movie script, describing when the crucial plot points are, and the kinds of material that should be used to connect them into a coherent and orderly whole.
Some evidence points to an indirect action, such as confirming a reduction in the amounts of vitamin A during infection, pointing to the hypothesis that it is raw material for some mechanism of resistance to infection.
Deborah Soifer, a scholar who worked on texts in relation to Narasimha, believes that " the traits basic to Vishnu in the Veda remain central to Vishnu in his avataras " and points out, however, that: " we have virtually no precursors in the Vedic material for the figure of a man-lion, and only one phrase that
Because the sintering temperature does not have to reach the melting point of the material, sintering is often chosen as the shaping process for materials with extremely high melting points such as tungsten and molybdenum.
Shrinkage would result when the liquid slips between particles and increase pressure at points of contact causing the material to move away from the contact areas forcing particle centers to draw near each other.
SDKs also frequently include sample code and supporting technical notes or other supporting documentation to help clarify points from the primary reference material.
A related problem is posed by Fermat's principle: light follows the path of shortest optical length connecting two points, where the optical length depends upon the material of the medium.
Among various points of criticism of the Sōka Gakkai is its teaching of members for praying for material benefit as well as spiritual development in daily life: " This emphasis on benefit has been viewed with great suspicion by some Gakkai critics in the West ".. SGI clarifies the benefit of the practice as: “ Gakkai members learned to chant for vitality, courage, and mental and physical health, adequate food and housing, a decent job, a good spouse and a happy family ..

material and forming
Aside from the genetic material of the cell, nucleic acids often play a role as second messengers, as well as forming the base molecule for adenosine triphosphate, the primary energy-carrier molecule found in all living organisms.
In the nuclear chromosomes of eukaryotes, the uncondensed DNA exists in a semi-ordered structure, where it is wrapped around histones ( structural proteins ), forming a composite material called chromatin.
Where there is a bend in the coastline, quite often a build up of eroded material occurs forming a long narrow bank ( a spit ).
The ions accelerate towards, and react with, the surface of the material being etched, forming another gaseous material.
As on Earth, the denser metal separated from silicate material and sank toward the center of the asteroid, forming a core.
Although this change in cross-section may be hardly noticeable, and thus involving moderate stresses within the elastic range of easily workable materials, the strain of the material of the tube is magnified by forming the tube into a C shape or even a helix, such that the entire tube tends to straighten out or uncoil, elastically, as it is pressurized.
A single material may have several distinct solid states capable of forming separate phases.
): The paired panels or slabs of wood, horn, plastic, or other material forming part of the handle or grip of a full-Tang knife or metal-framed handgun
The field may be applied by a reverse-biased p-n junction, forming a junction field effect transistor ( JFET ) or by an electrode isolated from the bulk material by an oxide layer, forming a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor ( MOSFET ).
On sandy beaches, the backwash of the waves removes material forming a gently sloping beach.
When light is transmitted through a layer of magneto-optic material, the result is called the Faraday effect: the plane of polarization can be rotated, forming a Faraday rotator.
Single-U and double-U preparation joints are also fairly common — instead of having straight edges like the single-V and double-V preparation joints, they are curved, forming the shape of a U. Lap joints are also commonly more than two pieces thick — depending on the process used and the thickness of the material, many pieces can be welded together in a lap joint geometry.
The unconnected magnetic helical field and the material that it contains may violently expand outwards forming a coronal mass ejection.
From these experimental results, it was thought that the creation of a bomb was as simple as forming a critical mass of fissile material.
* An alluvial material of flat slate stones with edges rounded by erosion, typically forming a shingle beach at the seashore
PEX is used in some potable-water plumbing systems because tubes made of the material can be expanded to fit over a metal nipple and it will slowly return to its original shape, forming a permanent, water-tight, connection.
* Electroplating / Electroforming: A solution containing metal ions loaded with reinforcing particles is co-deposited forming a composite material.
The first celluloid as a bulk material for forming objects was made in 1855 in Birmingham, England, by Alexander Parkes, who was never able to see his invention reach full fruition, after his firm went bankrupt due to scale-up costs.
Some 300 tons of rock, with 50 tons of finer material forming a top layer, were used to create the ramp.
The testaceans ( shelled molluscs ) are characterized by forming by spontaneous generation in mud, but differ based upon the material they grow in — for example, clams and scallops in sand, oysters in slime, and the barnacle and the limpet in the hollows of rocks.
Because compact stars have high gravitational fields, the material falls with a high velocity towards the neutron star, usually colliding with other accreted material en route, forming an accretion disk.

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