Research into how vitamin E prevents the process of lipid peroxidation led to the identification of antioxidants as reducing agents that prevent oxidative reactions, often by scavenging reactive oxygen species before they can damage cells.

The use of oxygen as part of the process for generating metabolic energy produces reactive oxygen species.

Auditing is a process whereby a series of questions are asked by the Scientology auditor, in an attempt to rid the auditee of the painful experiences of the past which scientologists believe to be the cause of the " reactive mind.

Through repeated applications of this method, the reactive mind could be " cleared " of its content having outlived its usefulness in the process of evolution ; a person who has completed this process would be " Clear ".

This process is efficient, but a small percentage of electrons may prematurely reduce oxygen, forming reactive oxygen species such as superoxide.

The metabolic process was identified in 1960s as catalysis by cytochrome P450 which produces reactive species that can interact with the DNA to form adducts, the mechanism by which the PAH adducts give rise to mutation however is still under investigation.

Sputtering can also play a role in reactive ion etching ( RIE ), a plasma process carried out with chemically active ions and radicals, for which the sputtering yield may be enhanced significantly compared to pure physical sputtering.

Also, liquid silicone is chemically inert, not reacting with fabrics or dyes during the cleaning process, thus reducing the amount of fading and shrinking experienced by many garments dry-cleaned with the more reactive perc.

This process is referred to as ' Self-Regulating ', i. e. the hotter the coolant becomes, the less reactive the plant becomes, shutting itself down slightly to compensate and vice versa.

Throughout the course of the fictional limiting quasi-static process, the internal intensive variables of the system are equal to the external intensive variables, those which describe the reactive forces exerted by the surroundings.

Root-cause analysis is the reactive way to respond to problems that occur from the process.

Under high pressures and temperatures and with the right catalysts, nitrogen becomes more reactive ; the Haber process uses such conditions to produce ammonia from atmospheric nitrogen.

Most industry leaders see new product development as a proactive process where resources are allocated to identify market changes and seize upon new product opportunities before they occur ( in contrast to a reactive strategy in which nothing is done until problems occur or the competitor introduces an innovation ).

It will happen whether or not a company's management is proactive, reactive or passive about the on-going process of evolving a position.

In the open-mold process, two reactive components are mixed and poured into an open mold.

Contemporary cognitive psychology regards human reasoning as a complex process that is both reactive and reflective.

In a hypothesized process of mechanosynthesis, reactive molecules would be attached to molecular mechanical systems, and their encounters would result from mechanical motions bringing them together in planned sequences, positions, and orientations.

* The second is the N4 amino nitrogen that, in a stereospecific process, forms reactive metabolites that cause either direct cytotoxicity or immunologic response.

Phagocytes ( i. e., neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages ) require an enzyme to produce reactive oxygen species to destroy bacteria after they ingest the bacteria in a process called phagocytosis, a process known as the respiratory burst.

* The other path-dependent process deals with " reactive sequences " where a primary event sets off a temporally-linked and causally-tight deterministic chain of events that is nearly uninterruptible.

Lymphoid progenitor cells are created by this process and move to the thymus where negative selection eliminates T cells found to be reactive to self.

# endogenous damage such as attack by reactive oxygen species produced from normal metabolic byproducts ( spontaneous mutation ), especially the process of oxidative deamination

In American English, asphalt ( or asphalt cement ) is the carefully refined residue from the distillation process of selected crude oils.

Argon is isolated from air by fractionation, most commonly by cryogenic fractional distillation, a process that also produces purified nitrogen, oxygen, neon, krypton and xenon.

In 1738 Nehemiah's son William Champion patented a technique for the first industrial scale distillation of metallic zinc known as distillation per descencum or " the English process.

In 2011 it was announced that the company is planning to move the distillation process to a new facility in Laverstoke, Hampshire.

Crude oil is used by the petrochemical industry to produce, amongst other things, gasoline and kerosene, through a distillation process, in refineries.

Flammable gases start being evolved in a process similar to dry distillation.

Continuous distillation is an ongoing distillation in which a liquid mixture is continuously ( without interruption ) fed into the process and separated fractions are removed continuously as output streams as time passes during the operation.

Once the pressure is lowered to the vapor pressure of the compound ( at the given temperature ), boiling and the rest of the distillation process can commence.

Zone distillation is a distillation process in long container with partial melting of refined matter in moving liquid zone and condensation of vapor in the solid phase at condensate pulling in cold area.

Impurity distribution in the condensate is described by known equations of zone recrystallization with various numbers of iteration of process – with replacement distribution efficient k of crystallization on separation factor α of distillation.

* Catalytic distillation is the process by which the reactants are catalyzed while being distilled to continuously separate the products from the reactants.

This process is one of the simplest unit operations, being equivalent to a distillation with only one equilibrium stage.

The unit process of evaporation may also be called " distillation ":

This has an important impact on the selectivity of the distillation and allows a chemist to optimize a process such that fewer extremes of pressure and temperature are required and less energy is consumed.

The goal of multi-effect distillation is to increase the energy efficiency of the process, for use in desalination, or in some cases one stage in the production of ultrapure water.

This radiogenic helium is trapped with natural gas in concentrations up to 7 % by volume, from which it is extracted commercially by a low-temperature separation process called fractional distillation.

The process is known as " fractional freezing " or " freeze distillation ".

The distillation process was to be repeated until the final product was perfectly clear and " safe to light ", i. e. volatile hydrocarbon fractions had been mostly removed.

Ignacy Łukasiewicz, a Polish pharmacist residing in Lvov, had been experimenting with different kerosene distillation techniques, trying to improve on Gesner's process, using local seep oil.

The movement emphasizes positive views toward modernism, and has an approach to Jewish custom which aims toward communal decision making through a process of education and distillation of values from traditional Jewish sources.

Grain whisky is produced by a continuous fractional distillation process, unlike the simple distillation based batch process used for malt whisky.