Writers of this class of science fiction have clearly in mind the assumptions that man can master the principles of this cause-and-effect universe and that such mastery will necessarily better the human lot.

On the other hand, the bright vision of the future has been directly stated in science fiction concerned with projecting ideal societies -- science fiction, of course, is related, if sometimes distantly, to that utopian literature optimistic about science, literature whose period of greatest vigor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries produced Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward and H. G. Wells's A Modern Utopia.

In Arthur Clarke's Childhood's End ( 1953 ), though written after the present flood of dystopias began, we can see the bright vision of science fiction clearly defined.

Considering then the optimism which has permeated science fiction for so long, what is really remarkable is that during the last twelve years many science-fiction writers have turned about and attacked their own cherished vision of the future, have attacked the Childhood's End kind of faith that science and technology will inevitably better the human condition.

Because of the means of publication -- science-fiction magazines and cheap paperbacks -- and because dystopian science fiction is still appearing in quantity the full range and extent of this phenomenon can hardly be known, though one fact is evident: the science-fiction imagination has been immensely fertile in its extrapolations.

There is, of course, nothing new about dystopias, for they belong to a literary tradition which, including also the closely related satiric utopias, stretches from at least as far back as the eighteenth century and Swift's Gulliver's Travels to the twentieth century and Zamiatin's We, Capek's War With The Newts, Huxley's Brave New World, E. M. Forster's `` The Machine Stops '', C. S. Lewis's That Hideous Strength, and Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, and which in science fiction is represented before the present deluge as early as Wells's trilogy, The Time Machine, `` A Story Of The Days To Come '', and When The Sleeper Wakes, and as recently as Jack Williamson's `` With Folded Hands '' ( 1947 ), the classic story of men replaced by their own robots.

Not all recent science fiction, however, is dystopian, for the optimistic strain is still very much alive in Mission Of Gravity and Childhood's End, as we have seen, as well as in many other recent popular novels and stories like Fred Hoyle's The Black Cloud ( 1957 ) ; ;

and among works of dystopian science fiction, not all provide intelligent criticism and very few have much merit as literature -- but then real quality has always been scarce in science fiction.

`` The human ego being what it is '', I put in, `` science fiction has always assumed that the creatures on the planets of a thousand larger solar systems than ours must look like gigantic tube-nosed fruit bats.

It is not through space nor time that the time machine most approved by science fiction must travel for a visit to the permanent prehistoric past, or the ever-existent past-fantasy future.

Significantly, Huxley also worked for a time in the 1920s at the technologically advanced Brunner and Mond chemical plant in Billingham, Teesside, and the most recent introduction to his famous science fiction novel Brave New World ( 1932 ) states that this experience of " an ordered universe in a world of planless incoherence " was one source for the novel.

Until recently, androids have largely remained within the domain of science fiction, frequently seen in film and television.

The term " droid ", coined by George Lucas for the original Star Wars film and now used widely within science fiction, originated as an abridgment of " android ", but has been used by Lucas and others to mean any robot, including distinctly non-human form machines like R2-D2.

" The term made an impact into English pulp science fiction starting from Jack Williamson's The Cometeers ( 1936 ) and the distinction between mechanical robots and fleshy androids was popularized by Edmond Hamilton's Captain Future ( 1940 – 1944 ).

For example, Heinlein was the " dean of science fiction writers " because he was " the scientist " of science fiction.

In doing away with the tea tray, the elephants and the giant tortoise, science has developed a series of rationally defensible explanations of the cosmos.

Douglas Adams's 1982 science fiction comedy novel Life, the Universe and Everything – the third part of The Hitchhiker's Guide To The Galaxy series – features the urn containing the Ashes, as a significant element of its plot.

* In Allan Cole and Chris Bunch's Sten science fiction series, Book Two, The Wolf Worlds, the Scottish character Alex bemoans their predicament after crash landing ; ' A slackit way f ' r a mon ,' Alex mourned to himself.

* Ark II, a children's science fiction television series

* Ark ( web series ), a 2010 science fiction series by Trey Stokes

The subspace radio, best known today from Star Trek and named for the method used in the series for achieving faster-than-light travel, was the most commonly used name for such a faster-than-light communicator in the science fiction of the 1930s to the 1950s.

* In the science fiction movie series The Matrix, the last human city, known as Zion, is a hyperstructure.

He is perhaps best known for his role as Will Robinson on the CBS science fiction television series Lost in Space ( 1965 – 1968 ), as well as for his role as ambassadorial aide Lennier in the syndicated series Babylon 5 ( 1994 – 1998 ).

* Caprica ( disambiguation ), various meanings in the science fiction franchise series Battlestar Galactica

Charles acquired cult status in 1988, in his television acting debut, as the Liverpudlian slob Dave Lister, in BBC2's new science fiction comedy series Red Dwarf.

* Cleopatra 2525, an American science fiction series

Children of Dune is a 1976 science fiction novel by Frank Herbert, third in a series of six novels set in his Dune universe.

Chapterhouse: Dune is a science fiction novel by Frank Herbert, last in his series of six Dune novels.

Sagan is known for his popular science books and for the award-winning 1980 television series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, which he narrated and co-wrote.

Perhaps the most extreme example in science fiction is James White's Sector General: a series of novels and short stories about multienvironment hospital for the strangest life-forms imaginable, some of them breathing methane, chlorine, water and sometimes also oxygen.

With a setting within the realm of science fiction, the series wisely offers a world that seems entirely realistic considering our present time.

Free from many of the elements that accompany science fiction in general — whether that be space aliens, giant robots, or laser guns — the series delegates itself towards presenting a world that is quite similar to our own albeit showcasing some technological advances.

He is featured in 1965's Dune, the original novel in the science fiction series, as well as the Prelude to Dune prequel trilogy ( 1999 – 2001 ) by Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson.

In the Canadian-American military science fiction series Stargate SG-1 and later in the series Stargate Atlantis, Daedalus is the name for the second interstellar and first intergalactic spaceship built by Homeworld Security.

Since then, other variant designs involving building an artificial structure or series of structures to encompass a star have been proposed in exploratory engineering or described in science fiction under the name " Dyson sphere.

Dan Simmons ( born April 4, 1948 ) is an American author most widely known for his Hugo Award-winning science fiction series, known as the Hyperion Cantos, and for his Locus-winning Ilium / Olympos cycle.

Davros is a character from the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.

* Fringe science

* Fringe science

Near-future settings work well for science fiction on television ; shows such as The Six Million Dollar Man, TekWar, Quatermass, Star Cops, Mutant X, and Fringe allow budget conscious producers to use street clothes and contemporary locations, using only minimal props and effects to foster viewers ' suspension of disbelief.

Fringe science </ td >

* Fringe science, scientific inquiry in an established field of study that departs significantly from mainstream or orthodox theories

* Fringe science

Category: Fringe science

Fringe science versions of the hypothesis claim that changes in the biosphere are brought about through the coordination of living organisms and maintain those conditions through homeostasis.

Category: Fringe science

* Haslam's Key, a play written by journalist Danny O ' Brien and performed at the Edinburgh Fringe in 1993, imagined Matthews as a forerunner of modern science fiction authors.

* Fringe science

Category: Fringe science

* Fringe science

* Fringe science

* Fringe science is scientific inquiry in an established field of study that departs significantly from mainstream or orthodox theories, and is classified in the " fringes " of a credible mainstream academic discipline.

* Fringe science covers everything from novel hypotheses that can be tested via scientific method to wild ad hoc theories and " New Age mumbo jumbo " with the dominance of the latter resulting in the tendency to dismiss all fringe science as the domain of pseudoscientists, hobbyists, or quacks.

Fringe science is used to describe unusual theories and models of discovery.

Fringe science may be advocated by a scientist who has a degree of recognition by the larger scientific community ( typically through the publication of peer reviewed studies by the scientist ), but this is not always the case.

Fringe science may not be a part of the scientific consensus for a variety of reasons, including incomplete or contradictory evidence.

* Fringe, a US series revolving around fringe science

fr: Fringe science

* Fringe science

Skyborg: Into the Vortex was a CD-ROM science fiction computer game released in 1995 by the trading card company SkyBox International, Inc. and Fringe Multimedia.