Magnetic tape was first used to record computer data in 1951 on the Eckert-Mauchly UNIVAC I.

* 1951 – Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the United States Census Bureau.

Programmers of early 1950s computers, notably UNIVAC I and IBM 701, used machine language programs, that is, the first generation language ( 1GL ).

Norwegian Computing Center got a UNIVAC 1107 August 1963 at a considerable discount, on which Dahl implemented the SIMULA I under contract with UNIVAC.

SIMULA I was fully operational on the UNIVAC 1107 by January 1965.

After the war, development continued with tube-based computers including, military computers ENIAC and Whirlwind, the Ferranti Mark 1 ( the first commercially available electronic computer ), and UNIVAC I, also available commercially.

* March 31 – Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the United States Census Bureau.

March 31: UNIVAC I.

* June 14 – UNIVAC I is dedicated by the U. S. Census Bureau.

A UNIVAC I computer was accepted by the Bureau in 1951.

The A-0 system ( Arithmetic Language version 0 ), written by Grace Hopper in 1951 and 1952 for the UNIVAC I, was the first compiler ever developed for an electronic computer.

The UNIVAC I was finished on December 21, 1950.

John William Mauchly ( August 30, 1907 – January 8, 1980 ) was an American physicist who, along with J. Presper Eckert, designed ENIAC, the first general purpose electronic digital computer, as well as EDVAC, BINAC and UNIVAC I, the first commercial computer made in the United States.

It was a pseudocode interpreter for mathematical problems proposed in 1949 and ran on the UNIVAC I and II.

It was developed for the UNIVAC I at Remington Rand under Grace Hopper.

UNIVAC I at Franklin Life Insurance Company

UNIVAC I operator's console

The UNIVAC I ( UNIVersal Automatic Computer I ) was the first commercial computer produced in the United States.

In the years before successor models of the UNIVAC I appeared, the machine was simply known as " the UNIVAC ".

As well as being the first American commercial computer, the UNIVAC I was the first American computer designed at the outset for business and administrative use ( i. e., for the fast execution of large numbers of relatively simple arithmetic and data transport operations, as opposed to the complex numerical calculations required by scientific computers ).

However, the early market share of the UNIVAC I was lower than the Remington Rand Company wished.

To promote sales, the company joined with CBS to have UNIVAC I predict the result of the 1952 Presidential election.

The UNIVAC 1100 / 2200 series, introduced in 1962, supported two floating-point formats.

Computers that were mostly identical or compatible in terms of the machine code or architecture of the System / 360 included Amdahl's 470 family ( and its successors ), Hitachi mainframes, the UNIVAC 9200 / 9300 / 9400 series, Fujitsu as the Facom, the RCA Spectra 70 series, and

were sold to what was then UNIVAC to become the UNIVAC 90 / 60 and later releases.

MAD ( Michigan Algorithm Decoder ) is a programming language and compiler for the IBM 704 and later the IBM 709, IBM 7090, IBM 7040, UNIVAC 1107, UNIVAC 1108, Philco 210-211, and eventually the IBM S / 370 mainframe computers.

UNIVAC 1100 / 80

The UNIVAC 1100 / 2200 series is a series of compatible 36-bit transistorized computer systems initially made by Sperry Rand.

* The UNIVAC 494 was a 30-bit word machine and successor to the UNIVAC 490 / 492 with faster CPU and 131K ( later 262K ) core memory.

Up to 24 I / O channels were available and the system was usually shipped with UNIVAC FH880 or UNIVAC FH432 or FH1782 magnetic drum storage.

The 9200 and 9300 ( which differed only in CPU speed ) implemented the same restricted 360 subset as the IBM 360 / 20, while the UNIVAC 9400 implemented the full 360 instruction set.

* The UNIVAC 90 / 60 Series ( 90 / 60, 90 / 70, 90 / 80 ): Later, more advanced machines such as the Univac 90 / 60 provided systems which featured virtual memory and thus were similar, or equivalent, to later IBM 370 mainframes.

* The UNIVAC 90 / 30 Series ( 90 / 30, 90 / 25, 90 / 40 ): Separately from the 90 / 60 series, Sperry Univac introduced the Univac 90 / 30 in about 1975 to provide an upgrade path for 9x00 users and to compete with IBM's System 3.

** UNIVAC 1103, also known as the Atlas II

However, one major project was moved from UNIVAC to ERA, the UNIVAC II project, which led to lengthy delays and upsets to nearly everyone involved.

They secured a contract with the National Bureau of Standards to build an " EDVAC II ", later named UNIVAC.

UNIVAC II

The UNIVAC II was an improvement to the UNIVAC I that UNIVAC first delivered in 1958.

The improvements included magnetic ( non-mercury ) core memory of 2000 to 10000 words, UNISERVO II tape drives which could use either the old UNIVAC I metal tapes or the new PET film tapes, and some circuits that were transistorized ( although it was still a vacuum tube computer ).

The UNIVAC II also added some instructions to the UNIVAC I's instruction set.

Unlike the UNIVAC I and UNIVAC II, however, it was a binary machine as well as maintaining support for all UNIVAC I and UNIVAC II decimal and alphanumeric data formats for backward compatibility.

* UNIVAC Simulator 1. 2 – by Peter Zilahy Ingerman ; Shareware simulator of the UNIVAC I and II

Atlas II, slightly modified became the ERA 1103, while a more heavily modified version with core memory and floating point math support became the UNIVAC 1103A.

Early programming language for UNIVAC I and UNIVAC II.