* 1925 – Paul von Hindenburg defeats Wilhelm Marx in the second round of the German presidential election to become the first directly elected head of state of the Weimar Republic.

* 1919 – The constitution of the Weimar Republic is adopted.

First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia ( 1701 – 1918 ), the German Empire ( 1871 – 1918 ), the Weimar Republic ( 1919 – 1933 ) and the Third Reich ( 1933 – 1945 ).

Each of the national governments based in Berlin — the 1871 German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, East Germany, and now the reunified Germany — initiated ambitious ( re -) construction programs, with each adding its own distinctive style to the city's architecture.

Germany's defeat in World War I, the fall of the German monarchy and the abolition of censorship under the new, liberal Weimar Republic allowed an upsurge of radical experimentation in all the arts, previously suppressed by the old regime.

Since the Weimar Republic lacked the quantity of raw materials available to the United States and Great Britain, it had to rely on the proficiency of a skilled labor force and an ability to export innovative and high quality goods.

In order to endorse its republican and liberal tradition, the song was chosen for national anthem of Germany in 1922, during the Weimar Republic.

The capitulation was blamed upon the unpatriotic populace, the socialism | Socialists, Bolshevism | Bolsheviks, the Weimar Republic, and especially the Jews.

A 1924 right-wing German political cartoon showing Philipp Scheidemann, the Social Democratic Party of Germany | German Social Democratic politician who proclaimed the Weimar Republic and was its second Chancellor, and Matthias Erzberger, an anti-war politician from the Centre Party ( Germany ) | Centre Party, who signed the Armistice with Germany ( Compiègne ) | armistice with the Allies ( World War I ) | Allies, as stabbing the German Army in the back

When the Nazis came to power in 1933 they made the legend an integral part of their official history of the 1920s, portraying the Weimar Republic as the work of the " November criminals " who used the stab in the back to seize power while betraying the nation.

These November Criminals, or those who seemed to benefit from the newly formed Weimar Republic, were seen to have " stabbed them in the back " on the home front, by either criticizing German nationalism, instigating unrest and strikes in the critical military industries or profiteering.

Reichspräsident Friedrich Ebert: ( 1923 ), as Provisional President of the Weimar Republic in 1919, he contributed to the myth, in telling home-coming veterans that “ no enemy has vanquished you ”.

On November 11, 1918, the representatives of the newly formed Weimar Republic signed an armistice with the Allies which would end World War I.

The Weimar Republic under Friedrich Ebert violently suppressed workers ' uprisings with the help of Gustav Noske and Reichswehr General Groener, and tolerated the paramilitary Freikorps forming all across Germany.

The Dolchstoß was a central image in propaganda produced by the many right-wing and traditionally conservative political parties that sprang up in the early days of the Weimar Republic, including Hitler's NSDAP.

Category: Weimar Republic

The new movement saw German cinema return to international critical significance for the first time since the end of the Weimar Republic.

The FDP was founded on 11 December 1948 through the merger of nine regional liberal parties formed in 1945 from the remnants of the pre-1933 German People's Party ( DVP ) and the German Democratic Party ( DDP ), which had been active in the Weimar Republic.

Fertility is not shown before 1950. Notable features before that time are fertility being extremely low during the ending years of the Weimar Republic, when it dropped down to about 1. 1 child per woman in 1933.

* Reichswehr ( 1919 – 1935 ), armed forces of the Weimar Republic

This Constructive Vote of No Confidence is intended to avoid the situation of the Weimar Republic in which the executive did not have enough support in the legislature to govern effectively, but the legislature was too divided to name a successor.

Category: Members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic

The German Revolution of 1918 – 19 deposed the emperor and the kings, leading to the establishment of the Weimar Republic, an unstable parliamentary democracy.

Also used by Weimar Republic foreign services ( 1922 – 33 )

Philipp Scheidemann proclaims a Weimar Republic | German Republic on 9 November 1918.

“ Germans threw themselves into their clubs, voluntary associations, and professional organizations out of frustration with the failures of the national government and political parties, thereby helping to undermine the Weimar Republic and facilitate Hitler ’ s rise to power .” In this article about the fall of the Weimar Republic, the author makes the claim that Hitler rose to power so quickly because he was able to mobilize the groups towards one common goal.

So, in effect, she returns to her former independent lifestyle, and makes a brave choice to stand alone as a single mother-something which was still somewhat socially stigmatising in Weimar Germany.

The school existed in three German cities ( Weimar from 1919 to 1925, Dessau from 1925 to 1932 and Berlin from 1932 to 1933 ), under three different architect-directors: Walter Gropius from 1919 to 1928, Hannes Meyer from 1928 to 1930 and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe from 1930 until 1933, when the school was closed by its own leadership under pressure from the Nazi regime.

This school was eventually known as the Technical University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, and in 1996 changed its name to Bauhaus-University Weimar.

Modern literature in German begins with the authors of the Enlightenment ( such as Herder ) and reaches its classical form at the turn of the 18th century with Weimar Classicism ( Goethe and Schiller ).

Weimar Germany, for example, in its constitution provided for a popularly elected president with theoretically dominant executive powers that were intended to be exercised only in emergencies, and a cabinet appointed by him from the Reichstag, which was expected, in normal circumstances, to be answerable to the Reichstag.

Porsche's company logo was based on the coat of arms of Free People's State of Württemberg of former Weimar Germany, which had Stuttgart as its capital and became part of Baden-Württemberg after the political consolidation of West Germany in 1949.

In its 14 years the Weimar Republic faced numerous problems, including hyperinflation, political extremists ( with paramilitaries – both left and right wing ), and hostility from the victors of World War I, who tried twice to restructure Germany's reparations payments through the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan.

In the words of Marcus Bullock, Emeritus Professor of English at University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, " Remarkable for the way it emerged from a catastrophe, more remarkable for the way it vanished into a still greater catastrophe, the world of Weimar represents modernism in its most vivid manifestation.

During the era of the Weimar Republic, Germany became a center of intellectual thought at its universities, and most notably social and political theory ( especially Marxism ) was combined with Freudian psychoanalysis to form the highly influential discipline of Critical Theory — with its development at the Institute for Social Research ( also known as the Frankfurt School ) founded at the University of Frankfurt am Main.

In 1921, Kandinsky was invited to go to Germany to attend the Bauhaus of Weimar by its founder, architect Walter Gropius.

* Germany abolishes its monarchy and becomes under the rule of a new elected government called the Weimar Republic.

* November 15 – Inflation in the Weimar Republic: Hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height.

* Wracked by rapid inflation and political assassinations and motivated by hostility and arrogance as well, the Weimar Republic announces its inability to pay more and proposes a moratorium on reparations for 3 years.

Weimar () is a city in Germany famous for its cultural heritage.

It is most often recognised as the place where Germany's first democratic constitution was signed after the First World War, giving its name to the Weimar Republic period in German politics, of 1918 – 1933.

The period in German history from 1919 to 1933 is commonly referred to as the Weimar Republic, as the Republic's constitution was drafted here because the capital, Berlin, with its street rioting after the 1918 German Revolution, was considered too dangerous for the National Assembly to use it as a meeting place.

The Bauhaus in Weimar lasted from 1919 to 1925, when it moved to Dessau, after the newly-elected right-wing city council put pressure on the School by withdrawing funding and forcing its teachers to quit.

During the Weimar Republic, the black-red-gold colours were the colours of the democratic, centrist and republican political parties, as opposed to the political right and political left, as seen in the name of Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold, formed by members of the SPD, the German Centre Party, and the German Democratic Party to defend the republic against extremists on the right and left, to teach the population to respect the new republic and to honour its flag and the constitution.

For a short period between 1918 and 1921 Tychy was just inside the border of the newly formed Weimar Republic and still a part of the German Province of Silesia, only securing its place within the Second Polish Republic after the armed Silesian Uprisings ( 1919 to 1921 ).

After beginning with a few hundred townspeople, Weimar had by its tenth birthday achieved a population of over 1, 000.

Today its legal basis is § 140 of the Grundgesetz ( the German " constitution ") in connection with article 137 of the Weimar constitution.