Since emotional reactions in the higher vertebrates depend on individual experience and are aroused in man, in addition, by complex symbols, one would expect that the hypothalamus could be excited from the cortex.

Alkenes react in many addition reactions, which occur by opening up the double-bond.

Most addition reactions to alkenes follow the mechanism of electrophilic addition.

Examples of addition reactions are hydrohalogenation, halogenation, halohydrin formation, oxymercuration, hydroboration, dichlorocarbene addition, Simmons-Smith reaction, catalytic hydrogenation, epoxidation, radical polymerization and hydroxylation.

In addition, metal – alkene complexes are intermediates in many metal-catalyzed reactions including hydrogenation, hydroformylation, and polymerization.

In addition to undergoing the reactions characteristic of internal alkynes, terminal alkynes are reactive as weak acids, with pK < sub > a </ sub > values ( 25 ) between that of ammonia ( 35 ) and ethanol ( 16 ).

More elaborate reactions are represented by reaction schemes, which in addition to starting materials and products show important intermediates or transition states.

In organic chemistry, in addition to oxidation, reduction or acid-base reactions, a number of other reactions can take place which involve covalent bonds between carbon atoms or carbon and heteroatoms ( such as oxygen, nitrogen, halogens, etc .).

The addition and its counterpart, the elimination, are reactions which change the number of substituents on the carbon atom, and form or cleave multiple bonds.

As with the free-radical substitution, the radical addition proceeds as a chain reaction, and such reactions are the basis of the free-radical polymerization.

In addition, the cycle provides precursors including certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous biochemical reactions.

In addition, some household products use enzymes to speed up biochemical reactions ( e. g., enzymes in biological washing powders break down protein or fat stains on clothes ; enzymes in meat tenderizers break down proteins into smaller molecules, making the meat easier to chew ).

In addition, in living systems, most biochemical reactions ( including ATP hydrolysis ) take place during the catalysis of enzymes.

In addition, nucleotides participate in cell signaling ( cGMP and cAMP ), and are incorporated into important cofactors of enzymatic reactions ( coenzyme A, FAD, FMN, NAD, and NADP < sup >+</ sup >).

The basic reaction types are: addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions and redox reactions.

Reduction in resonance stabilization of pyrimidines may lead to addition and ring cleavage reactions rather than substitutions.

Markovnikov is best known for Markovnikov's rule, elucidated in 1869 to describe addition reactions of H-X to alkenes.

Aromatic compounds undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution and nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions, but not electrophilic addition reactions as happens with carbon-carbon double bonds.

He had just observed the first addition of an organoalkali metal compound across a carbon-carbon double bond.

This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group ( CHO ) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond.

* Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ( ATRP ): based on the formation of a carbon-carbon bond by atom transfer radical addition.

The Sheridan's gun was a low-velocity weapon suitable in the assault role, but with the addition of the Shillelagh missile could double in the anti-tank role as well.

The counterpart of elimination is the addition where double or triple bonds are converted into single bonds.

For example, in the electrophilic addition of hydrogen bromide, an electrophile ( proton ) attacks the double bond forming a carbocation, which then reacts with the nucleophile ( bromine ).

If the addition of a functional group takes place at the less substituted carbon atom of the double bond, then the electrophilic substitution with acids is not possible.

Nucleophilic addition of a carbanion or another nucleophile to the double bond of an alpha, beta unsaturated carbonyl compound can proceed via the Michael reaction, which belongs to the larger class of conjugate additions.

In addition, while the violin has bulging shoulders, most double basses have shoulders carved with a more acute slope, like members of the viol family.

In the realm of even larger works, Mozart included the double bass in addition to 12 wind instruments for his " Gran Partita " Serenade, K. 361 and Martinů used the double bass in his nonet for wind quintet, violin, viola, cello and double bass.

In addition, the double bass sections of some orchestras perform as an ensemble, such as the Chicago Symphony Orchestra's Wacker Consort.

** A Lowland Scots tradition strongly influenced by baroque violin technique with staccato and Scotch snap bowing techniques in addition to the use of double stops.

In addition he released two albums in July 1990: the instrumental jazz trio album Lofty's Roach Souffle and a big-band album of mostly original songs titled We Are in Love, which also went double platinum.

It is similar to the string quartet, but with two violas, two cellos, or more rarely, the addition of a double bass.

In addition, slight variations of each machine ( i. e. with double jackpots or five times play ) are always being developed.

This ( with the addition of a ' double tressure fleury counter-fleury ' border ) went on to become the Royal standard of Scotland, still used today but quartered with those of England and of Ireland.

The double bowline is made simply by the addition of an extra turn in the formation of the " rabbit hole " before the working end is threaded through.

The 2004 – 05 season saw a resurgent Barcelona, inspired by the brilliant Ronaldinho, win their first title of the new century, in addition to the Liga-Champions League double in 2005 – 06.

Te-che-te-che ( the ordinary modern ‘ double tonguing ’ on flutes and trumpets ) was deemed ‘ crude and terrifying ’, in addition to being difficult to hold back.

Haley hired several new musicians to take their place: Rudy Pompilli on sax, Al Rex ( a former member of the Saddlemen ) on double bass, and Ralph Jones on drums ; in addition, lead guitarist Franny Beecher, who had been a session musician for Haley since Cedrone's death in the fall of 1954, became a full-time Comet and Haley's first performing lead guitarist.

Knowing that alum cannot be obtained in crystals without the addition of potash, he began to suspect that this alkali constituted an essential ingredient in the salt, and in 1797 he published a dissertation demonstrating that alum is a double salt, composed of sulfuric acid, alumina, and potash.

However, flowering plants have in addition a phenomenon called ' double fertilization '.

In addition, Ecole Centrale de Nantes is member of the TIME network allowing its students to take part in a double degree program at one of the TIME partner universities which are scattered all over Europe.

The bridge has a single span, wooden, double Burr arch trusses design with the addition of steel hanger rods.

The bridge has a single span, wooden, double Burr arch trusses design with the addition of steel hanger rods.

The bridge has a single span, wooden, double Burr arch trusses design with the addition of steel hanger rods.