This video card would also support fast scrolling of high resolution color screens for games, because it had the indirection of the character pointers, so it was possible to quickly scroll the high resolution display, ( or use other effects ) by simply manipulating the 1920 / 1024 bytes of text video instead of the 24. 576 bytes of high resolution video memory.

abbreviated KiB, MiB, and GiB, would denote 1024 bytes, bytes, and bytes respectively.

But as computer main memory in a binary-addressed system is manufactured in sizes that were easily expressed as multiples of 1024, kilobyte, when applied to computer memory, came to be used to mean 1024 bytes instead of 1000.

Nevertheless, the practice of using the SI-inspired " kilo " to indicate 1024 was later extended to " megabyte " meaning 1024 < sup > 2 </ sup > () bytes, and later " gigabyte " for 1024 < sup > 3 </ sup > () bytes.

For example, a " 512 megabyte " RAM module is 512 × 1024 < sup > 2 </ sup > bytes ( 512 ×, or ), rather than.

The exbibyte, using a binary prefix, is the analogous power of 1024 bytes.

Historically, the term has also been used in some fields of computer science and information technology to denote the gibibyte, or ( 1024 < sup > 3 </ sup > or 2 < sup > 30 </ sup >) bytes.

When referring to RAM sizes it most often ( see binary prefix adoption ) has a binary interpretation of 1024 < sup > 3 </ sup > bytes, i. e. as an alias for gibibyte.

Because the table is just 1024 bytes in size, it will fit into the cache of modern microprocessors

The unformatted capacity of the floppy disks was advertised as " 250KB " for SSDD and " 500KB " for DSDD (" KB " ambiguously referring to either 1000 or 1024 bytes ; essentially the same for rounded-off values ), however these " raw " 250 / 500 kB were not the same thing as the usable formatted capacity ; under DOS, the maximum capacity for SSDD and DSDD disks was 180 kB and 360 kB, respectively.

Although the prefix kilo-means 1000, the term kilobyte and symbol kB have historically been used to refer to either 1024 ( 2 < sup > 10 </ sup >) bytes or 1000 ( 10 < sup > 3 </ sup >) bytes, dependent upon context, in the fields of computer science and information technology.

On the other hand, the Tandon 5-inch DD floppy format ( 1978 ) held 368, 640 bytes, but was advertised as " 360 KB ", following the 1024 convention.

In December 1998, the IEC addressed such multiple usages and definitions by creating unique binary prefixes to denote multiples of 1024, such as “ kibibyte ( KiB )”, which represents 2 < sup > 10 </ sup >, or 1024, bytes.

The term " megabyte " is commonly used to mean either 1000 < sup > 2 </ sup > bytes or 1024 < sup > 2 </ sup > bytes.

## < tt > MixColumns </ tt >— a mixing operation which operates on the columns of the state, combining the four bytes in each column.

In the < tt > ShiftRows </ tt > step, bytes in each row of the state are shifted cyclically to the left.

The < tt > ShiftRows </ tt > step operates on the rows of the state ; it cyclically shifts the bytes in each row by a certain offset.

In this way, each column of the output state of the < tt > ShiftRows </ tt > step is composed of bytes from each column of the input state.

In the < tt > MixColumns </ tt > step, the four bytes of each column of the state are combined using an invertible linear transformation.

The < tt > MixColumns </ tt > function takes four bytes as input and outputs four bytes, where each input byte affects all four output bytes.

Hard disk drive manufacturers used " megabytes " or " MB ", meaning 10 < sup > 6 </ sup > bytes, to characterize their products as early as 1974.

Today, for example, a " 300 GB " hard drive offers slightly more than 300 × 10 < sup > 9 </ sup >, or, bytes, not 300 × 2 < sup > 30 </ sup > ( which would be about 322 × 10 < sup > 9 </ sup >).

Standard CDs have a diameter of and can hold up to 80 minutes of uncompressed audio or 700 MB ( 700 × 10 < sup > 6 </ sup > bytes ) of data.

When referring to disk storage capacities it usually means 10 < sup > 9 </ sup > bytes, often stated explicitly on the manufacturer's permanent sticker.

Following this optional decoding is a dump of the bytes of the message in < offset > < hex > ... < hex > < ascii > ... < ascii > format.

For a time, memory capacities were often expressed in K, even when M could have been used: The IBM System / 370 Model 158 brochure ( 1972 ) had the following: " Real storage capacity is available in 512K increments ranging from 512K to 2, 048K bytes.

* RAM: 64 bytes, 2 kB VRAM ( 2 × 128 × 64 bits )

A double-sided disk on the 1571 would have a capacity of 340 KB ( 70 tracks, 1, 360 disk blocks of 256 bytes each ); as 8 KB are reserved for system use ( directory and block availability information ) and, under CBM DOS, 2 bytes of each block serve as pointers to the next logical block, 254 x 1, 328 = 337, 312 B or about 329. 4 KB were available for user data.

The packet starts with the destination ethernet address ( 6 bytes ), source ethernet address ( 6 bytes ), and frame length ( 2 bytes ) followed by two bytes 0xFF 0xFF then the IPX data.

The first three bytes of the SNAP header are OUI followed by 2 bytes of IPX EtherType.

CD-ROM Mode 2 Form 2, intended to be used for error-tolerant data such as audio and video, divides the 2352 bytes into 12 bytes of synchronization information, 4 bytes of header data and 2336 bytes of user data.

ISO Level 2 allows longer names, but since the total directory entry uses a single byte it is limited to 255 bytes.

For example, the bytes of a plain text file (< tt >. txt </ tt > in Windows ) are associated with either ASCII or UTF-8 characters, while the bytes of image, video, and audio files are interpreted otherwise.

and one million bytes ( 10 < sup > 6 </ sup >, see prefix mega -) generally for computer storage.

* bytes ( 1000 < sup > 2 </ sup >, 10 < sup > 6 </ sup >): This is the definition recommended by the International System of Units ( SI ) and the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC.

For example, an MVC instruction that moves 256 bytes ( with length code 255 in hexadecimal as < tt > FF </ tt >) from base register 7, plus displacement < tt > 000 </ tt >, to base register 8, plus displacement < tt > 001 </ tt >, would be coded as the 6-byte instruction "< tt > D2FF 8001 7000 </ tt >" ( operator / length / address1 / address2 ).

* In standard SI usage, 1 terabyte ( TB ) equals = 1000 < sup > 4 </ sup >, or 10 < sup > 12 </ sup > bytes.

The second and third groups of eight bytes are treated as Channel Command Words ( CCWs ) to continue loading the startup program ( the first CCW is always simulated by the CPU and consists of a READ IPL command, < tt > 02h </ tt >, with command chaining and suppress incorrect length implied ).

The binary prefix mebi means 2 < sup > 20 </ sup >, therefore 1 mebibyte is 1, 048, 576 bytes.

* If G-bit is one limit has a granularity of 2 < sup > 12 </ sup > bytes, i. e. segment size may be 1 × 2 < sup > 12 </ sup >, 2 × 2 < sup > 12 </ sup >, ..., 2 < sup > 20 </ sup > × 2 < sup > 12 </ sup > bytes.

: < tt >- k </ tt >, show sizes as multiples of 1024 bytes, not 512-byte

Each line shows details of each edit: whether minor ( m ), whether made by a bot ( b ), if a new page was created ( N ), the time, a link to the page, a link to the difference (" diff ") made by the edit in question, a link to the page history (" hist "), the editor's user name or IP address, the increase ( green ) or decrease ( red ) in the number of bytes, e. g. < span class =' mw-plusminus-pos '>(+ 76 )</ span >, < span class =' mw-plusminus-neg '>(- 490 )</ span > and, if over 500, in bold: < strong class =' mw-plusminus-pos '>(+ 794 )</ strong >, < strong class =' mw-plusminus-neg '>(- 2, 412 )</ strong >, and the edit summary.

When formatted as XDF disks, 3. 5 " floppies can hold 1860 < abbr title =" 1024 bytes "> KB </ abbr >, and 5. 25 " floppies can hold 1540 KB, using different number of sectors as well as different sector size per track ( not all sectors in the same track are of the same size ).

< tt >( 512 bytes / sector )×( 63 sectors / track )×( 255 heads ( tracks / cylinder ) )×( 1024 cylinders )= 8032. 5 </ tt > < abbr title =" MegaByte ( 1024KB )"> MB </ abbr >, but actually < tt >( 512 byte / sector )× 256 × 63 × 1024 = 8064 </ tt > MB yields what is known as 8 GB limit.

would only be used in the decimal sense, even when referring to data storage capacities: kilobyte and megabyte would denote one thousand and one million bytes respectively ( consistent with the metric system ), while new terms such as kibibyte, mebibyte and gibibyte, abbreviated KiB, MiB and GiB, would denote 2 < sup > 10 </ sup >, 2 < sup > 20 </ sup > and 2 < sup > 30 </ sup > bytes respectively.