With the loss of the study of ancient Greek in the early medieval Latin West, Aristotle was practically unknown there from c. AD 600 to c. 1100 except through the Latin translation of the Organon made by Boethius.

The Astronomer ( Vermeer ) | The Astronomer by Johannes Vermeer ( c. 1668 )

Brygos ( potter signed ), Tondo of an Attic red-figure cup c. 470 BC, Louvre.

* Homer, Iliad ii. 595 – 600 ( c. 700 BCE )

Symbols on Gerzean pottery resembling Egyptian hieroglyphs date back to c. 4000 BC, suggesting a still earlier possible date.

According to Igor M. Diakonoff ( 1988: 33n ), Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken c. 10, 000 BC.

According to Christopher Ehret ( 2002: 35 – 36 ), Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken c. 11, 000 BC at the latest and possibly as early as c. 16, 000 BC.

The word can be traced from the Middle Egyptian ( c. 2000 BC ) word dj-b-t " mud sun-dried brick.

" As Middle Egyptian evolved into Late Egyptian, Demotic, and finally Coptic ( c. 600 BC ), dj-b-t became tobe " brick.

In the Levant, artifacts which may be arrow-shaft straighteners are known from the Natufian culture, ( c. 12, 800 – 10, 300 BP ( before present )) onwards.

Often depicted in carvings c. 800 AD, the Norse hero Gunther ( also known as Gunnar ), played a lute with his toes as he lay dying in a snake-pit, in the legend of Siegfried.

The pyramid remained the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3, 800 years, unsurpassed until the 160-metre-tall spire of Lincoln Cathedral was completed c. 1300.

Britain c. 800

* Leningrad Gospels, illuminated manuscript c. 800

* Old Norse, a North Germanic language in use from c. AD 800 to c. AD 1300

The Nuorese was a centre of the Nuragic civilization ( which developed in Sardinia from c. 1500 BC to c. 250 BC ), as attested by more than 30 Nuragic sites, such has the village discovered in the countryside of Tanca Manna, just outside Nuoro, which was made of about 800 huts.

Map showing the approximate areas of the kingdom of Fortriu and neighbours c. 800, and the kingdom of Alba c. 900

The harpist on the Dupplin Cross, Scotland, c. 800 AD

From the late 19th century there was a general consensus around the documentary hypothesis, which suggests that the five books were created c. 450 BCE by combining four originally independent sources, known as the Jahwist, or J ( about 900 BCE ), the Elohist, or E ( about 800 BCE ), the Deuteronomist, or D, ( about 600 BCE ), and the Priestly source, or P ( about 500 BCE ).

* January 7 – Saint Aldric, Bishop of Le Mans ( b. c. 800 ; died at Le Mans )

From the initial colonization ( s ) the Lucayans expanded throughout the Bahamas Islands in some 800 years ( c. 700 – c. 1500 ), growing to a population of about 40, 000.

* c. 800 BC — c.

* c. 800 BC: Etruscan civilization.

Some older scholarship speculated that the Bibliotheca was in fact compiled in Baghdad at the time of Photius's embassy to the Abbasid court, since many of the mentioned works were rarely cited during the so-called Byzantine Dark Ages c. 630-c. 800, and it was known that the Abbasids were interested in works of Greek science and philosophy.

* Ninurta-apla-X ( full name unknown ), King of Babylon, r. c. 800 – 790 BC

* c. 800 BC — Greek Dark Ages end.

* From c. 800 BC – The Upanishads are composed.

Over the next few centuries, clarity was reached in the organization of sound units, and the stop consonants were organized in a 5x5 square ( c. 800 BCE, Pratisakhyas ), eventually leading to a systematic alphabet, Brāhmī, around the 6th century BCE.

This would make it a language family about as old as Indo-European ( 4000 to 7, 000 BC according to several hypotheses cited in Mallory 1997: 106 ) but considerably younger than Afroasiatic ( c. 10, 000 BC according to Diakonoff 1988: 33n, 11, 000 to 16, 000 BC according to Ehret 2002: 35 – 36 ).

Before that time, at the peak of the last ice age ( c. 16, 000 BC ) sea levels everywhere were 130 metres lower, and there were large well-watered coastal plains instead of much of the northern Aegean.

The present coastal arrangement appeared c. 7000 BC, with post-ice age sea levels continuing to rise for another 3, 000 years after that.

The Dying Gaul c. 230 BC, a Roman copy of a Greek statue commemorating the victory over the Celtic Galatia ns in Anatolia.

Map of ancient Egypt, showing major cities and sites of the Dynastic period ( c. 3150 BC to 30 BC )

** Xun Zi ( c. 312 BC – 230 BC )

** Gongsun Long ( c. 325 BC – c. 250 BC )

** Sunzi ( c. 500 BC )

: Anaximenes of Miletus ( c. 585-c. 525 BC )

Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sīnā ( Persian پور سينا Pur-e Sina " son of Sina "; c. 980 – 1037 ), commonly known as Ibn Sīnā or by his Latinized name Avicenna, was a Persian polymath, who wrote almost 450 treatises on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived.

: Melissus of Samos ( c 470 BC – unknown )

* Gotama ( c. 2nd – 3rd century CE ), wrote Jaimini, author of Purva Mimamsa Sutras.

* Bhartrihari ( c 450 – 510 CE ), early figure in Indic linguistic theory

* Bodhidharma ( c. 440 – 528 CE ), founder of the Zen school of Buddhism

** Mani ( c. 216 AD – 276 AD )

* 1897 – Jandamarra, Indigenous-Australian resistance leader ( b. c. 1873 )

:::::::::: i. Valerius Adelphius Bassus ( c. 360 – aft.

This corresponds to a speed of around 0. 05 c. There is surprisingly small variation around this energy, due to the heavy dependence of the half-life of this process on the energy produced ( see equations in the Geiger – Nuttall law ).

Aurelius Ambrosius, better known in English as Saint Ambrose ( c. 330 – 4 April 397 ), was an archbishop of Milan who became one of the most influential ecclesiastical figures of the 4th century.

* Pope Adrian IV ( c. 1100 – 1159 ), English pope

* Pope Adrian V ( c. 1205 – 1276 )

* Adrian Willaert ( c. 1490 – 1562 ), Flemish composer of the Renaissance and founder of the Venetian School

Alain de Lille ( or Alanus ab Insulis ) ( c. 1116 / 1117 – 1202 / 1203 ), French theologian and poet, was born in Lille, some years before 1128.

* Albert I of Brandenburg ( c. 1100 – 1170 ), first Margrave of Brandenburg

* Albert I, Count of Namur ( c. 950 – 1011 ), a Belgian count

* Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel ( c. 1250 – 1300 )

Albert the Bear (; c. 1100 – 18 November 1170 ) was the first Margrave of Brandenburg ( as Albert I ) from 1157 to his death and was briefly Duke of Saxony between 1138 and 1142.