* 1851 – Guillaume Bigourdan, French astronomer ( d. 1932 )

* 1851 – Edward Walter Maunder, English astronomer ( d. 1928 )

* 1851 – The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.

* 1851 – Felix Adler, German-American religious leader and social reformer ( d. 1933 )

* 1779 – Lorenz Oken, German historian ( d. 1851 )

* 1929 – Emile Berliner, German-American inverter and businessman, invented the phonograph ( b. 1851 )

* 1777 – Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist ( d. 1851 )

* 1851 – Yannoulis Chalepas, Greek sculptor ( d. 1938 )

* 1851 – Doc Holliday, American gambler and dentist ( d. 1887 )

* 1851 – Isaac Singer is granted a patent for his sewing machine.

* 1851 – Rama IV is crowned King of Thailand.

* 1797 – Mary Shelley, English author ( d. 1851 )

* John Cramp, 1851 – 1853 ( and 1856 – 1869 )

* 1809 – John Kirk Townsend, American naturalist ( d. 1851 )

* 1851 – Charles Barrois, French geologist ( d. 1939 )

* 1851 – Leopoldo Alas, Spanish novelist ( d. 1901 )

* Platine War ( 1851 – 1852 ): The Brazilian Empire and its allies went to war against the dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas of the Argentine Confederation.

* Henry Campbell Bruce, 2nd Baron Aberdare ( 1851 – 1914 )

In 1998, Pensacola Christian College produced a widely distributed videotape, arguing that this " leaven of fundamentalism " was passed from the 19th-century Princeton theologian Benjamin B. Warfield ( 1851 – 1921 ) to Charles Brokenshire ( 1885 – 1954 ), who served BJU as Dean of the School of Religion, and then to current BJU faculty members and graduates.

#** Charles Joseph Bonaparte ( 1851 – 1921 ), U. S. Attorney General married Ellen Channing Day

* Reuben Cone ( 1788 – 1851 ), an important pioneer and landowner in Atlanta, Georgia

Internally, the Taiping Rebellion ( 1851 – 1864 ), a quasi-Christian religious movement led by the " Heavenly King " Hong Xiuquan, would raid roughly a third of Chinese territory for over a decade until they were finally crushed in the Third Battle of Nanking in 1864.

** Anne Darwin ( 1841 – 1851 ), daughter of Charles Darwin ( 1809 – 1882 )

The church was built between 1851 and 1852 and has had extensive work since its erection.

Following his education in Giessen, he took postdoctoral fellowships in Paris ( 1851 – 52 ), in Chur, Switzerland ( 1852 – 53 ), and in London ( 1853 – 55 ), where he was decisively influenced by Alexander Williamson.

From December 1851 to March 1852 Marx wrote The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon, a work on the French Revolution of 1848, in which he expanded upon his concepts of historical materialism, class struggle and the dictatorship of the proletariat, advancing the argument that victorious proletariat has to smash the bourgeois state.

According to his The New York Times obituary published on April 3, 1872, Morse received respectively the decoration of the Atiq Nishan-i-Iftikhar ( English: Order of Glory ) medal on wearer's right depicted in photo of Morse with medals, set in diamonds, from the Sultan Ahmad I ibn Mustafa of Turkey ( c. 1847 ), a golden snuff box containing the Prussian gold medal for scientific merit from the King of Prussia ( 1851 ); the Great Gold Medal of Arts and Sciences from the King of Württemberg ( 1852 ); and the Great Golden Medal of Science and Arts from Emperor of Austria ( 1855 ); a cross of Chevalier in the Légion d ' honneur from the Emperor of France ; the Cross of a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog from the King of Denmark ( 1856 ); the Cross of Knight Commander of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, from the Queen of Spain, besides being elected member of innumerable scientific and art societies in this States and other countries.

The St Helena Advocate and Weekly Journal of News, published in 1851, was the first island newspaper, but closed two years later mainly due to competition from the government-funded St Helena Chronicle ( 1852 ).

In 1851, Irish physician Arthur Leared invented a binaural stethoscope, and in 1852 George Cammann perfected the design of the instrument for commercial production, which has become the standard ever since.

His maternal grandparents were Benjamin Davis Wilson ( December 1, 1811 to March 11, 1878 ), mayor of Los Angeles in 1851 – 1852 and the namesake of Southern California's Mount Wilson, and his second wife, Margaret Hereford.

In 1851 he was elected to a four year term ( February 1852 – February 1856 ) on the Ohio Supreme Court, the last year as the chief justice.

" In November 1851 Bache went to live with Mellon, who was then living in London, and in 1852 was given a contract by Addison, Hollier and Lucas to write light piano pieces ; he turned out these works in considerable numbers.

" Treaty negotiations ensued during the period between March 19, 1851 and January 7, 1852, during which the Commission interacted with 402 Indian chiefs and headmen ( representing approximately one-third to one-half of the California tribes ) and entered into eighteen treaties.

In the French coup of 1851, Napoleon declared himself Emperor Napoleon III of the Second Empire, which lasted from 1852 to 1870.

Elected President by popular vote in 1848, he initiated a coup d ' état in 1851, before ascending the throne as Napoleon III on 2 December 1852, the forty-eighth anniversary of Napoleon I's coronation.

After Monterey, the state capital was variously San Jose ( 1850 – 1851 ), Vallejo ( 1852 – 1853 ) and Benicia ( 1853 – 1854 ) until Sacramento was finally selected in 1854.

Printers first attempted to organize in 1850, teamsters, draymen, lightermen, riggers and stevedores in 1851, bakers and bricklayers in 1852, caulkers, carpenters, plasterers, brickmasons, blacksmiths and shipwrights in 1853 and musicians in 1856.

Slapped with fresh embargoes and a joint blockade, Argentina by 1851 found itself bankrupt and with " rogue nation " standing ; on 3 February 1852, a surprise military campaign led by the Governor of Entre Ríos Province, Justo José de Urquiza, put an end to the Rosas regime and, until 1878, at least, serious Argentine foreign policy misadventures.

He published Die vier Elemente der Baukunst ( The Four Elements of Architecture ) in 1851 and Wissenschaft, Industrie und Kunst ( Science, Industry and Art ) in 1852.

Parts of the county's territory were given to Placer County in 1851, to Nevada County in 1851 and to Sierra County in 1852.

The detailed design was by Lewis Cubitt, and construction was in 1851 – 1852 on the site of a fever and smallpox hospital.

He was a member of the state legislature between 1841 and 1852, and was owner and editor of the Boston Republican from 1848 to 1851.

An earlier log courthouse, built about 1851 or 1852, was Dent County's first and was located on the Wingfield farm northeast of Salem.

The V & A has its origins in the Great Exhibition of 1851, with which Henry Cole, the museum's first director, was involved in planning ; initially it was known as the Museum of Manufactures, first opening in May 1852 at Marlborough House, but by September had been transferred to Somerset House.

Supported by Brazil and the Uruguayan liberals, he created the " Big Army " and forced Manuel Oribe to capitulate, ending the long siege of Montevideo in October 1851, and finally defeating Rosas on 3 February 1852 at the Battle of Caseros.

In 1851, the Michigan Southern & Northern Indiana Railroad Company built the first rail line through the city, and by 1852 the first passenger train passed through town.