Distinguishing itself from the MSI, the party distanced itself from Benito Mussolini and Fascism and made efforts to improve relations with Jewish groups.

On 4 October 1943, during a secret meeting with top SS officials in the city of Poznań ( Posen ), and on 6 October 1943, in a speech to the party elite — the Gau and Reich leaders — Himmler referred explicitly to the " extermination " ( German: Ausrottung ) of the Jewish people.

Leadership of the movement passed to the Jewish Agency in Palestine, now led by the anti-British Socialist-Zionist party ( Mapai ) and led by David Ben-Gurion.

The principal non-Zionist Orthodox Jewish ( or Haredi ) party, Agudat Israel, recommended to UNSCOP that a Jewish state be set up after reaching a religious status quo agreement with Ben-Gurion regarding the future Jewish state.

Our war is based on moral grounds " and during the 1948 War, the Mapam, the political party affiliated to Palmach, asked " a strict observance of the Jewish Purity of arms to secure the moral character of war ".

The Jewish oral law states that capital punishment would only be applicable if two men were caught in the act of anal sex, if there were two witnesses to the act, if the two witnesses warned the men involved that they committed a capital offense, and the two men-or the willing party, in case of rape-subsequently acknowledged the warning but continued to engage in the prohibited act anyway.

Founded by Rabbi Meir Kahane in the early 1970s, and following his Jewish nationalist ideology ( subsequently dubbed Kahanism ), the party entered the Knesset in 1984 after several electoral failures.

When the Nazis took power in Germany in 1933, the Jewish community in Kolberg comprised 200 people, and the antisemitic repression by Germany's ruling party led several of them to flee the country.

Then the congress discussed the position of the Jewish Bund, which had co-founded the RSDLP in 1898 but wanted to remain autonomous within the party.

Kahane founded both the Jewish Defense League ( JDL ) in the USA and Kach (" This is the Way "), an Israeli political party.

Some of these agents included exiled communists and Socialist party members, labor activists, anti-Nazi prisoners-of-war, and German and Jewish refugees.

Neither party can be forced into arbitration by a sharia or a Jewish court.

Kahanism is an nationalist ideology based on the views of Meir Kahane, founder of the Jewish Defense League and the Kach party in Israel, who said that the State of Israel must defend itself against its enemies.

Arguing that his party includes people of various ethnic or religious origins like Jean-Pierre Cohen, Farid Smahi or Huguette Fatna, he has attributed some anti-Semitism in France to the effects of Muslim immigration to Europe and suggested that some part of the Jewish community in France might eventually come to appreciate National Front ideology.

Other critics, such as Roger Cukierman of the Representative Council of French Jewish Institutions did not attack the party as a whole, but rather its anti-Zionist wing, claiming that it promoted a " brown-green alliance ".

In Josephus ' Jewish War ( vii ), after the fall of the Temple in 70 CE, the sicarii became the dominant revolutionary Jewish party, scattered abroad.

The situation in Palestine was becoming even more chaotic when the Security Council met on 1 April 1948 it adopted Resolution 43 ( 1948 ), calling for an " immediate truce be effected in Palestine " and calls for " the Jewish Agency for Palestine and the Arab Higher Committee to make representatives available to the Security Council for the purpose of arranging a truce between the Arab and Jewish communities of Palestine ; and emphasizes the heavy responsibility which would fall upon any party failing to observe such a truce ".

* The Jewish High Priest Menelaus, who is supported by the Hellenist party, is removed from office and is executed.

Regardless of whether the purpose of the Doctors ' Plot was a party purge or deportation of Jews, efforts to relocate Jewish refugees to Birobidzhan ended with the Doctors ' plot, the establishment of Israel as a Jewish state, and Stalin's second wave of purges shortly before his death.

Within this frame of reference policies appropriate to claims advanced in the name of the Jews depend upon which Jewish identity is involved, as well as upon the nature of the claim, the characteristics of the claimant, the justifications proposed, and the predispositions of the community decision makers who are called upon to act.

The disputed books, included in one canon but not in others, are often called the Biblical apocrypha, a term that is sometimes used specifically ( and possibly pejoratively in English ) to describe the books in the Catholic and Orthodox canons that are absent from the Jewish Masoretic Text ( also called the Tanakh or Miqra ) and most modern Protestant Bibles.

Also called the Megillah, the book is the basis and an integral part of the Jewish celebration of Purim.

Esther sends a letter instituting an annual commemoration of the Jewish people's redemption, in a holiday called Purim ( lots ).

His Hellenic Jewish parents called him Joseph ( although the Byzantine text-type calls him, Iōsēs, ' Joses ', a Greek variant of ' Joseph '), but when he sold all his goods and gave the money to the apostles in Jerusalem, they gave him a new name: Barnabas.

A year later, Herzl founded the Zionist Organization ( ZO ), which at its first congress, " called for the establishment of a home for the Jewish people in Palestine secured under public law ".

He called his approach towards Judaism " Positive-Historical ," which meant that one should have a positive attitude towards accepting Jewish law and tradition as normative, yet one should be open to developing the law in the same fashion that it has always historically developed.

Lenin called Jewish people in Poland as a caste, a claim that became controversial.

Celia Heller has called the rigid social segregation and status of Jewish people from Middle Ages through early 20th century in Poland as a closed caste system.

This allows the Jewish people as a community to strive and fulfill the prophecy " I, the Lord, have called you in righteousness, and will hold your hand and keep you.

Given the great historical link between Persian and Jewish history, modern day Persian Jews are called " Esther's Children ".

" In 1937, speaking before the Women's Division of the American Jewish Congress, LaGuardia called for the creation of a special pavilion at the upcoming New York World's Fair, " a chamber of horrors " for " that brown-shirted fanatic ".

The Christian groups first called " gnostic " a branch of Christianity, however Joseph Jacobs and Ludwig Blau ( Jewish Encyclopedia, 1911 ) note that much of the terminology employed is Jewish and note that this " proves at least that the principal elements of gnosticism were derived from Jewish speculation, while it does not preclude the possibility of new wine having been poured into old bottles.

In the rabbinic literatures of the Talmud and the Jewish Kabbalah, the scholars agree that there are two types of spiritual places called Garden in Eden.

According to Jewish eschatology, the " higher Gan Eden " is called the " Garden of Righteousness ".

Since about the 3rd century CE, the Jewish calendar has used the Anno Mundi epoch ( Latin for “ in the year of the world ,” abbreviated AM or A. M .; Hebrew ), sometimes referred to as the “ Hebrew era .” According to Rabbinic reckoning, the beginning of " year 1 " is not Creation, but about one year before Creation, with the new moon of its first month ( Tishrei ) to be called molad tohu ( the mean new moon of chaos or nothing ).

Between the 7th and 11th centuries, Jewish scribes, called the Masoretes and located in Galilee and Jerusalem, established the Masoretic Text, the final text of the Hebrew Bible.

In the meantime the Jewish Agency called on Palestine's Jewish youth to volunteer for the British Army ( both men and women ).

Although Labour Party conferences had for years called for the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine, the Labour government now decided to maintain the 1939 White Paper restrictions.

The underground Jewish militias, the Haganah, formed an alliance called the Jewish Resistance Movement with the Etzel and Stern Gang to fight the British.

* Hasideans, pietists or " Jewish Puritans " of the Maccabean period, around the 2nd century BCE

The three volumes of this work are a study of classical rabbinic theology and aggadah, as opposed to halakha ( Jewish law.

Sanballat accuses Nehemiah of planning rebellion against Artaxerxes, and he is opposed even by Jewish nobles and prophets, but the wall is completed.

The Canadian Jewish Congress has expressed its opinion over possible anti-Semitic incitement on this station and that the restrictions on Al Jazeera are appropriate, while the Canadian B ' nai Brith is opposed to any approval of Al Jazeera in Canada.

Epicurus's technically hedonistic views and philosophical teachings, though opposed to the Hedonists of his time, countered Jewish scripture, the strictly monotheistic conception of God in Judaism and the Jewish belief in the afterlife and the world to come.

On the issue of circumcision, the books clearly hold very different views, that of the epistle's rejection of the Jewish practice as opposed to the gospel's promotion of the same.

This Jewish rabbinical concept of a " higher Gan Eden " is opposed by the Hebrew terms Gehinnom and Sheol, figurative names for the place of spiritual purification for the wicked dead in Judaism, a place envisioned as being at the greatest possible distance from " heaven ".

In Poland, where the bulk of Yiddish-speaking Jewry had established itself by the 18th century, three branches of Yiddishkheit emerged: those who opposed the predominant study of Kabbalah ( Jewish mysticism ) and those who supported it ; and the Yiddish theater culture of secularism also in Lithuania originally but getting to the whole Yiddish speaking society.

Schneur Zalman of Liadi in Russia saw Jewish emancipation | physical improvement but long term Jewish assimilation | spiritual danger and opposed

During World War I, Zionist volunteers fought in the Jewish Legion of the British Army against the Ottomans because they expected the British would be less opposed to the Zionist project than the Ottoman authorities.

Ginzberg recognized that his pious father was disappointed that his son had chosen a more liberal path with regards to Jewish law opposed to following the path of his forefathers.

He proclaimed a revolt, on 1 February 1944, against the British mandatory government, which was opposed by the Jewish Agency.

In the 1990s, Jewish groups vocally opposed the LDS practice of baptism for the dead on behalf of Jewish victims of the Holocaust and Jews in general.

In newly formed Israel from 1945-1948, Jewish groups opposed British control over Israel.

* 4 November 1995 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated at a peace rally in Tel Aviv by a radical Jewish militant who opposed the Oslo Accords.

In Modern Hebrew usage, an Israelite is, broadly speaking, a lay member of the Jewish ethnoreligious community, as opposed to the priestly orders of Kohanim and Levites.

The General Assembly then convened for its second special session between 16 April to 14 May 1948, during which it considers a working paper submitted by the United States ( U. S .) on the question of the " Trusteeship of Palestine ", which was opposed by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( U. S. S. R .) as well as the Jewish Agency.

In Jewish tradition, Abram is considered to be the eldest of three sons who was opposed to his father ’ s idol shop.

While they were opposed to the participation of Jews in their movement, like Heinrich von Treitschke later, they did allow the possibility of the Jewish ( and other ) minorities to participate in the German state if they were to abandon all signs of ethnic and religious distinctiveness and assimilate into the German Volk.

In general, essential doctrines of Messianic Judaism include views on God ( that he is omnipotent, omnipresent, eternal, outside creation, infinitely significant and benevolent — viewpoints on the Trinity vary ), Jesus ( who is believed to be the Jewish Messiah, though views on his divinity vary ), written Torah ( with a few exceptions, Messianic Jews believe that Jesus taught and reaffirmed the Torah and that it remains fully in force ), Israel ( the Children of Israel are central to God's plan ; replacement theology is opposed ), the Bible ( Tanakh and the New Testament are usually considered the divinely inspired Scripture, though Messianic Judaism is more open to criticism of the New Testament canon than is Christianity ), eschatology ( sometimes similar to many evangelical Christian views ), and oral law ( See also Christian Oral Tradition-observance varies, but most deem these traditions subservient to the written Torah ).

Organizations such as the Messianic Jewish Alliance of America and Union of Messianic Jewish Congregations have explicitly opposed the Two House teaching