The name is certainly cognate with the Doric month name Απέλλαιος and the Doric festival απελλαι.

Since the early 20th century it has been commonly accepted that Old Irish Bel ( l ) taine is derived from a Common Celtic * belo-te ( p ) niâ, meaning " bright fire " ( where the element * belo-might be cognate with the English word bale in ' bale-fire ' meaning ' white ' or ' shining '; compare Anglo-Saxon bael, and Lithuanian / Latvian baltas / balts, found in the name of the Baltic ; in Slavic languages byelo or beloye also means ' white ', as in Беларусь ( White Russia or Belarus ) or Бе ́ лое мо ́ ре Sea ).

A more recent etymology by Xavier Delamarre would derive it from a Common Celtic * Beltinijā, cognate with the name of the Lithuanian goddess of death Giltinė, the root of both being Proto-Indo-European * gʷelH-" suffering, death ".

Using comparative linguistic evidence from continental Germanic sources, the 19th century scholar Jacob Grimm proposed the existence of a cognate form of Ēostre among the pre-Christian beliefs of the continental Germanic peoples, whose name he reconstructed as * Ostara.

For instance, the second word of the Arabic name of the festival, has the root F-Ṣ-Ḥ, which given the sound laws applicable to Arabic is cognate to Hebrew P-S-Ḥ, with " Ḥ " realized as in Modern Hebrew and in Arabic.

The name Freyja is in fact a title meaning " lady ", from Proto-Germanic * frawjōn, cognate with West Frisian frou, Dutch vrouw, Low German Fro, Fru, German Frau.

In the Koran, however, it is clearly stated that the messiah will be named " Isa " ( note that Arabic-speaking Christians use the name Yasu, cognate to the Hebrew and Aramaic Yeshua, to refer to Jesus Christ: the character of " Isa " is present solely in Islamic tradition ):

The name derives from the Greek word for " delight " ( hēdonismos from hēdonē " pleasure ", cognate with English sweet + suffix-ισμός-ismos " ism ").

Nuada is cognate with the British god Nodens ; Lug is a reflex of the pan-Celtic deity Lugus, the name of whom may indicate " Light "; Tuireann may be related to the Gaulish Taranis ; Ogma to Ogmios ; the Badb to Catubodua.

It is possible that daburinthos may be cognate with the name of Mt.

" It is related to " Abdeel ", " servant of God ", which is also cognate to the Arabic name " Abdullah " or " Obaidullah ".

Modern scientific linguistics suggests that the name derived from the Proto-Indo-European root that also produces the Vedic pra math, " to steal ," hence pramathyu-s, " thief ", cognate with " Prometheus ", the thief of fire.

* San Luis ( disambiguation ), the Spanish language cognate of the name

* São Luís, the Portuguese language cognate of the name

In the late Icelandic Eddas, Tyr is portrayed, alternately, as the son of Odin ( Prose Edda ) or of Hymir ( Poetic Edda ), while the origins of his name and his possible relationship to Tuisto ( see Tacitus ' Germania ) suggest he was once considered the father of the gods and head of the pantheon, since his name is ultimately cognate to that of * Dyeus ( cf.

The name Dagda may ultimately be derived from the Proto-Indo-European * Dhagho-deiwos " shining divinity ", the first element being cognate with the English word " day ", and possibly a byword for a deification of a notion such as " splendour ".

The Old English cognate wuldor means " glory " but is not used as a proper name, although it figures frequently in kennings for the Christian God such as wuldres cyning " king of glory ", wuldorfæder " glory-father " or wuldor alwealda " glorious all-ruler ".

In the younger Avesta, Harax < sup > v </ sup > atī is Arachosia, a region described to be rich in rivers, and its Old Persian cognate Harauvati, which gave its name to the present-day Hārūt River in Afghanistan, may have referred to the entire Helmand drainage basin ( the center of Arachosia ).

The Helmand historically besides Avestan Haetumant bore the name Haraxvaiti, which is the Avestan form cognate to Sanskrit Sarasvati.

Estragon's name has another connotation, besides that of the aromatic herb, tarragon: " estragon " is a cognate of oestrogen, the female hormone ( Carter, 130 ).

The English word noun comes from the Latin nōmen, meaning " name " or " noun ",, a cognate of the Ancient Greek ónoma ( also meaning " name " or " noun ").

According to The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Asgard is derived from Old Norse āss, god + garðr, enclosure ; from Indo-European roots ansu-spirit, demon ( see cognate ahura ) + gher-grasp, enclose ( see cognates garden and yard ).< ref >; See also ansu-and gher -< sup > 1 </ sup > in " Appendix I: Indo-European Roots " in the same work .</ ref >

The same word for “ sea ” is also known from Germanic, but with an a (* mari -), whereas a cognate of marbh is unknown in all dialects of Germanic.

It is also cognate to the word " wem " ( the dative form of " wer ") in German.

Eos is cognate to Vedic Sanskrit ' Ushas ' and Latin Aurora, both goddesses of dawn, and all three considered derivatives of a PIE stem * H₂ewsṓs (→ * Ausṓs ), " dawn ", a stem that also gave rise to Proto-Germanic * Austrō, Old Germanic Ôstara and Old English Ēostre / Ēastre.

The Roman equivalent of Eos is Aurora, also a cognate showing the characteristic Latin rhotacism.

Like most Indo-European roots in the Germanic languages, it was altered by Grimm's law, so that Indo-European / p / > / f /, and / d / > / t /, as the German cognate furzen also manifests.

The German word Land is the exact cognate of English land but it carries many political, constitutional, and historical meanings absent from the English term ( among other things a constituent state of the German Federal Republic, historically a principality of the Holy Roman Empire, but also " rural " as opposed to " urban ", etc .— the Swedish lantis equating to " country bumpkin " or " hick "— most of these meanings are borne by the Anglo-Norman word country in English ).

At the same time he compiled a Sanskrit and Latin glossary ( 1830 ) in which, more especially in the second and third editions ( 1847 and 1868 – 71 ), he also took account of the cognate languages.

The generic * þiuda-" people " occurs in many personal names such as Thiud-reks and also in the ethnonym of the Swedes from a cognate of Old English Sweo-ðēod and Old Norse: Sui-þióð ( see e. g. Sö Fv1948 ; 289 ).

It is also thought to be a cognate of the Latin verb servo ( original meaning: to preserve whole ) and of the Avestan verb haurvaiti ( to keep vigil over ), although the original Proto-Indoeuropean root is unclear.

Other branches lacking any trace of the noun-class system are Dogon and Ijaw, whereas the Talodi branch of Kordofanian does have cognate noun classes, suggesting that Kordofanian is also not a unitary group.

In their origins, these usages derived from pagus, " province, countryside ", cognate to Greek πάγος " rocky hill ", and, even earlier, " something stuck in the ground ", as a landmark: the Proto-Indo-European root * pag-means " fixed " and is also the source of the words page, pale ( stake ), and pole, as well as pact and peace.

Such a translation is, however, imprecise, as Shalom, which is also cognate with the Arabic " salaam ", has multiple other meanings in addition to peace, including justice, good health, safety, well-being, prosperity, equity, security, good fortune, and friendliness.

Reich (; ) is a German word cognate with the English word rich with the same meaning as an adjective, but more importantly its homonym as a noun, Reich, is usually used in German to designate a kingdom or an empire and also the Roman Empire.

Jewish Shabbat is a weekly day of rest cognate to Christian Sabbath, observed from sundown on Friday until the appearance of three stars in the sky on Saturday night ; it is also observed by a minority of Christians.

The Baltic word is cognate with Slavic земля ( zemlja ), which also means " land ".

Paronomastically, dao is equated with its homonym 蹈 dao < d ' ôg, " to trample ," " tread ," and from that point of view it is nothing more than a " treadway ," " headtread ," or " foretread "; it is also occasionally associated with a near synonym ( and possible cognate ) 迪 ti < d ' iôk, " follow a road ," " go along ," " lead ," " direct "; " pursue the right path "; a term with definite ethical overtones and a graph with an exceedingly interesting phonetic, 由 yu < djôg ," " to proceed from.

They also have many parallels across the Celtic world: Nuada is cognate with the British god Nodens ; Lugh is a reflex of the pan-Celtic deity Lugus ; Tuireann is related to the Gaulish Taranis ; Ogma to Ogmios ; the Badb to Catubodua.

The Greek word for " year ",, is cognate with Latin vetus " old ", from PIE * wetus-" year ", also preserved in this meaning in Sanskrit " yearling ( calf )" and " year ".

The Indo-Eurpoeans worshiped the oak and connected it with a thunder or lightning god ; " tree " and drus may also be cognate with " Druid ," the Celtic priest to whom the oak was sacred.