The Connally amendment says that the United States, rather than the court, shall determine whether a matter is essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of the United States in a case before the World Court to which the United States is a party.

If the case is thus determined by us to be domestic, the court has no jurisdiction.

But it is crucial that here, unlike Burford, the trial court was ordered to retain the case until the state courts had had a reasonable opportunity to settle the state-law question.

`` Unfortunately '', says Chief Postal Inspector David H. Stephens, who has prosecuted many device quacks, `` the ghouls who trade on the hopes of the desperately ill often cannot be successfully prosecuted because the patients who are the chief witnesses die before the case is called up in court ''.

William A. Redding asserted that if the case had been heard in open court under rules of evidence, the testimony would have been completed in sixty days instead of five years.

He asked members of the panel to tell him if anyone outside the court had spoken to them about the case.

In United States appellate procedure, an appeal is a petition for review of a case that has been decided by a court of law.

The nature of an appeal can vary greatly depending on the type of case and the rules of the court in the jurisdiction where the case was prosecuted.

Depending on the particular legal rules that apply to each circumstance, a party to a court case who is unhappy with the result might be able to challenge that result in an appellate court on specific grounds.

The appellant is the party who, having lost part or all their claim in a lower court decision, is appealing to a higher court to have their case reconsidered.

This can mean that where it is the defendant who appeals, the name of the case in the law reports reverses ( in some cases twice ) as the appeals work their way up the court hierarchy.

The second is the collateral appeal or post-conviction petition, in which the petitioner-appellant files the appeal in a court of first instance — usually the court that tried the case.

Generally, an appeal of the judgment will also allow appeal of all other orders or rulings made by the trial court in the course of the case.

However, certain critical interlocutory court orders, such as the denial of a request for an interim injunction, or an order holding a person in contempt of court, can be appealed immediately although the case may otherwise not have been fully disposed of.

The highest state court, generally known as the Supreme Court, exercises discretion over whether it will review the case.

It may, in addition, send the case back (" remand " or " remit ") to the lower court for further proceedings to remedy the defect.

This might be the proper standard of review, for example, if the lower court resolved the case by granting a pre-trial motion to dismiss or motion for summary judgment which is usually based only upon written submissions to the trial court and not on any trial testimony.

After an appeal is heard, the " mandate " is a formal notice of a decision by a court of appeal ; this notice is transmitted to the trial court and, when filed by the clerk of the trial court, constitutes the final judgment on the case, unless the appeal court has directed further proceedings in the trial court.

In an FELA controversy the state court followed established state procedure by construing a vague complaint `` most strongly against '' the complainant.

That is, it goes to the intermediate appellate court, followed by the highest court.

They are followed by a further wicked king, or " little horn ", who subdues three of the ten ( 7: 24 ), speaks against the Most High, wages war against the saints, and attempts to change the set times and laws ( 7: 25 ); after ' a time and times and half a time ', this king is judged and stripped of his kingdom by an " Ancient of Days " and his heavenly court ( 7: 26 ); next, " one like a son of man " approaches the Ancient of Days and is invested with worldwide dominion ; moreover, his everlasting reign over all kings and kingdoms is shared with " the people of the Most High " ( 7: 27 )

The following year, Constantine was again in England at Æthelstan's court, this time at Cirencester where he appears as a witness, appearing as the first of several subject kings, followed by Owen of Strathclyde and Hywel Dda, who subscribed to the diploma.

The reformed Dead Kennedys followed their court victory by announcing a number of tour dates, releasing reissues of all Dead Kennedys albums ( except Fresh Fruit for Rotting Vegetables, to which they did not have the rights until 2005 ), releasing several new archival concert DVDs, and licensing several songs to The Manchurian Candidate remake and the Tony Hawk Pro Skater video game.

Many courtiers of the court including, Empress Hashihito, followed him.

The rebellion and court intrigues that followed took a heavy toll on Jahangir's health.

The highest court in the judicial system is the Federal Court, followed by the Court of Appeal, and two High Courts, one for Peninsular Malaysia, and one for East Malaysia.

One must also note that in addition to redacting the Mishnah, Rabbi and his court also ruled on which opinions should be followed, though the rulings do not always appear in the text.

Michinaga's other daughters, Kenshi and Ishi, followed similar fates to Shōshi and further ensured Michinaga's power over the court.

There are three court levels in Oman, the Elementary Court is the lowest court, followed by the Court of Appeal, and then the Supreme Court as the highest court in the country.

After both criteria are satisfied the court additionally checks whether formalities related to the legislative requirements are followed and only then makes decision.

Henry the Young King abandoned his father and left for the French court seeking the protection of Louis VII ; he was soon followed by his younger brothers, Richard and Geoffrey, while the 5-year-old John remained with Henry II.

In essence, the Tudors followed a composite of Lancastrian ( the court party ) and Yorkist ( the church party ) policies.

In Gregg, the Court found, in a 7-2 ruling, that Georgia's new death penalty laws passed Eighth Amendment scrutiny: the statutes provided a bifurcated trial in which guilt and sentence were determined separately ; and, the statutes provided for " specific jury findings " followed by state supreme court review comparing each death sentence " with the sentences imposed on similarly situated defendants to ensure that the sentence of death in a particular case is not disproportionate.

* 1093: when the Chinese Empress Dowager Gao dies, the conservative faction that had followed Sima Guang is ousted from court, the liberal reforms of Wang Anshi reinstated, and Emperor Zhezong of Song halted all negotiations with the Tanguts of the Western Xia, resuming in armed conflict with them.

Generally, it followed the king, who typically had no single fixed court either.

A somewhat obscure chain of events followed ( the so-called " Moechian controversy ," from the Greek moichos, " adulterer "), in which Theodore initiated a protest against the marriage from the Sakkudion Monastery, and appears to have demanded the excommunication, not only of the priest Joseph, but also of all who had received communion from him, which, as Joseph was a priest of the imperial church, included implicitly the emperor and his court.

Soon after this move, Liu Yan severed all of his region's ties to the Han imperial court, and several other areas followed suit.

Internal conflicts within the royal court, civil unrest and other political struggles plagued the nation in the years that followed, worsened by the Japanese invasion of Korea between 1592 and 1598.

The Joseon court was aware of the foreign invasions and treaties involving Qing China, as well as the First and Second Opium Wars, and followed a cautious policy of slow exchange with the West.

On January 8, 1982, just before the case was to be heard by the U. S. Supreme Court, President Ronald Reagan authorized his Treasury and Justice Departments to ask that the BJU case be dropped and that the previous court decisions be vacated.

After being banished from court, she lived out the remainder of her life at Kimbolton Castle, and died there on 7 January 1536.

On January 17, 2008, a Brazilian federal court order prohibiting all sales of Counter-Strike and EverQuest and imposing the immediate withdrawal of these from all stores began to be enforced.

Machiavelli was at Borgia's court from 7 October 1502 through 18 January 1503.

In January 2009, a court in Amsterdam ordered the prosecution of Geert Wilders, a Dutch Member of Parliament, for breaching articles 137c and 137d.

In January 1465, Gutenberg's achievements were recognized and he was given the title Hofmann ( gentleman of the court ) by von Nassau.

While the date of his death is not known, " Dowland's last payment from the court was on 20 January 1626, and he was buried at St Ann's, Blackfriars, London, on 20 February 1626.

The Gerichtsverfassungsgesetz ( GVG ) of 27 January 1877 provided that the ( jury court ) would consist of three judges and twelve jurymen, alongside the mixed court, with the jury court reserved for serious crimes except political crimes.

On 20 January 1494, after heavy snowfalls, Lorenzo's heir, Piero de Medici, commissioned a snow statue, and Michelangelo again entered the court of the Medici.

Confined to bed, he became progressively weaker until, on 22 January, he commanded the ladies of the imperial court, particularly his consort of later years Akbarabadi Mahal, to the care of Jahanara.

In January 1532, Cranmer was appointed the resident ambassador at the court of the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. As the emperor travelled throughout his realm, Cranmer had to follow him to his residence in Ratisbon ( Regensburg ).

* January 15 – Ilse Koch, The " Witch of Buchenwald ", wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment in a court in West Germany.

* January 31 – Ernesto Miranda, American defendant in the court case Miranda v. Arizona ( b. 1941 )

* January 18 – Clarence Earl Gideon, Defendant during civil rights court case ( Gideon v. Wainwright ) ( b. 1910 )

* January 1 – James I of England, theatre-going and literary king with absolutist aspirations, attends the masque The Golden Age Restored, a satire by Ben Jonson on fallen court favorite Somerset.

* January 3 – In the court of James I of England, the king's favorite George Villiers becomes Master of the Horse ; on April 24 he receives the Order of the Garter ; and on August 27 is created Viscount Villiers and Baron Waddon, receiving a grant of land valued at £ 80, 000.

* January 10 – Sir Thomas Roe, emissary from the court of King James I of England, presents his credentials to the Mughal Emperor Jahangir, in Ajmer Fort, thus opening the door to the British presence in India.

* January 28 – Bal des Ardents: Four members of the court of Charles VI of France die in a fire at a masquerade ball.

The reprimands of the Pope, couched as they were in such an unprecedented form, infuriated Henry and his court, and their answer was the hastily convened national council in Worms, Germany ( the synod of Worms ), which met on 24 January 1076.

" Cardinal Wolsey condemned Tyndale as a heretic, his first mention in open court as a heretic being in January 1529.

Finally, on September 13, 1376 Gregory XI abandoned Avignon and moved his court to Rome ( arriving January 17, 1377 ), officially ending the Avignon Papacy.

When Sigismund died in 1437, Albert was crowned king of Hungary on 1 January 1438, and just as his predecessor did, he moved his court to the Hungarian Kingdom from where he later oversaw his other domains.