Finally, in the 2004 edition of the Factbook, the name of the entry was changed back to Macedonia, following a November 2004 US decision to refer to the country using this name, even though the official appelation of the republic within the UN remains FYROM.

In 1947, the King issued letters patent granting his Canadian governor general permission to exercise all those powers belonging to the monarch in respect of Canada and, at the Imperial Conference of 1949, the decision was reached to use the term member of the Commonwealth instead of Dominion to refer to the non-British member states of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Judges may refer to various types of persuasive authority to reach a decision in a case.

At first the Eastern Roman Emperor Michael II showed himself tolerant towards the image-worshippers, and their great champion, Theodore the Studite, wrote to him to exhort him " to unite us Church of Constantinople to the head of the Churches of God, Rome, and through it with the three Patriarchs " and to refer any doubtful points to the decision of Old Rome in accordance with ancient custom.

There is an active and growing movement among professionals who treat gender dysphoria in children to refer and prescribe hormones, known as a puberty blocker, to delay the onset of puberty until a child is old enough to make an informed decision on whether hormonal gender reassignment leading to surgical gender reassignment will be in that person's best interest.

If the umpire is unsure of a " line decision ," that is, a run out or stumped decision, or if the umpire is unsure that the ball is a four, six, or neither, he may refer the matter to the Third Umpire.

This works as follows ; When a decision has been made by the on-field umpire ( either out or not-out ), then either the batsmen or fielding player ( depending on which way the decision went ), can decide to refer the decision to the Third Umpire.

The terms " myopia " and " myopic " ( or the common terms " shortsightedness " or " shortsighted ", respectively ) have been used metaphorically to refer to cognitive thinking and decision making that is narrow in scope or lacking in foresight or in concern for wider interests or for longer-term consequences.

Conservative Charles Krauthammer, coiner of the term " Bush Doctrine ," deployed " unilateralism ," in February 2001 to refer to the president's increased unilateralism in foreign policy, specifically regarding the president's decision to withdraw from the ABM treaty.

In these cases, the Court may simply refer to the decision of the court below to explain its own reasons.

His decision in 1976 to exercise his power to refer a bill to the Supreme Court to test its constitutionality brought him into conflict with the Fine Gael-Labour National Coalition.

Section 102 of the Government of Wales Act 2006 required the Clerk to the Assembly to present Measures passed by the Assembly after a four-week period during which the Counsel General for Wales or the Attorney General could refer the proposed Measure to the Supreme Court for a decision as to whether the measure was within the Assembly's legislative competence.

Ó Dálaigh's decision in 1976 to exercise his power to refer a bill to the Supreme Court to test its constitutionality brought him into more direct conflict with the National Coalition.

) President Hyde also twice used his power under Article 26 of the Constitution, having consulted the Council of State, to refer a Bill or part of a Bill to the Supreme Court, for the court's decision on whether the Bill or part referred is repugnant to the Constitution ( so that the Bill in question cannot be signed into law ).

An About. com spokesman, relating his company's decision to use the name " East Sea " to refer to the body of water, stated that they chose to use the name " not necessarily because it agreed with the South Korean geography activists but because the e-mail bombardment was annoying.

Academically, the term is commonly used to refer to the study of how individuals, groups, and organizations evaluate, design, implement, manage, and utilize systems to generate information to improve efficiency and effectiveness of decision making, including systems termed decision support systems, expert systems, and executive information systems ..

Subsequently, the Board in decision T 154 / 04 refused to refer questions " explicitly taken from the questions proposed for referral to the Enlarged Board of Appeal in the " Aerotel / Macrossan " judgement " to the Enlarged Board of Appeal.

The decision to refer a question to the ECJ can be made by the court of its own initiative, or at the request of any of the parties before it.

Where a question of European law is in doubt and there is no appeal from the decision of a court, it is required ( except under the doctrine of acte clair ) to refer the question to the ECJ ; otherwise any referral is entirely at the discretion of the court.

Controversy arose again in Canadian political circles in 2003 following the company's decision to refer solely to its acronym " CN " and not " Canadian National ", a move some interpret as being an attempt to distance the company from references to " Canada ".

The most revolutionary workers were bitter about the labour movement's decision to give up the political power that it had easily gained during the general strike.

* In 2011, IKEA and its Swedwood affiliate came under criticism for its treatment of workers at a U. S. factory in Danville, Virginia and its decision to hire the law firm Jackson Lewis, which is often employed by companies to counter labor demands, to consult with IKEA on attempts to form a union at Danville.

Bahrain Centre for Human Rights issued a press release condemning this decision as discriminatory and promoting negative racist attitudes towards migrant workers.

In August 1985, the service went off the air for the first time when workers striked in protest at the British government's decision to ban a documentary featuring an interview with Martin McGuinness of Sinn Féin.

Following a decision by the Admiralty to dismiss 40 workers at the dockyard, Mintoff declared that " representatives of the Maltese people in Parliament declare that they are no longer bound by agreements and obligations toward the British government ..." ( the 1958 Caravaggio incident ) In response, the Colonial Secretary sent a cable to Mintoff, stating that he had " recklessly hazarded " the whole integration plan.

The immediate cause of the parliamentary loss had been the government's decision to drop the prosecution of communist editor John Ross Campbell under the Incitement to Mutiny Act 1797 for publication of an open letter in Workers Weekly calling on soldiers to " let it be known that, neither in the class war nor in a military war, will you turn your guns on your fellow workers.

Workers in a Participatory Economy would make decisions about what to do in the workplace according to the above decision making principle, where workers have say in proportion to how much they are affected by a decision.

For instance, upgrades to a plant that would require a great deal of time and effort for all workers might need greater than 50 % vote, as workers would be affected adversely by the decision.

Another example is when a decision might have advantages but involves some risk, such as raising a heavy beam while building a bridge that might endanger some workers, but will make the bridge be built faster.

Such a decision would seem to require consensus among the affected workers, giving any one worker veto power due to the danger.

The main alleged reason for this decision was that many workers in Canary Wharf lived in Essex and could change from National Rail to the Jubilee Line at Stratford, London and West Ham.

The Town Council had demanded that any operator of the day-labor center check the laborers ' identification, and a subsequent court decision required the town to open the center to all workers.

Most importantly, they argue this law prevents the more hesitant workers from making the decision to join the strike the day before, once they've been convinced to do so by their colleagues and more particularly the union militants, who maximize their efforts in building the strike ( by handing out leaflets, organising meetings, discussing the demands with their colleagues ) in the last few days preceding the strike.

" The referendum itself was enventually nicknamed le Raffarindum by its opponents while Journée de solidarité envers les personnes âgées ( Day of solidarity with the elderly ) is sometimes referred to as la Saint-Raffarin by discontented workers ( following a decision by Raffarin, French workers are supposed to work on Whit Monday for free ).

He also points out that competition separates individuals from one another and while concentration of workers and development of better communication alleviate this, they are not a decision.

Union Royale Belge des Sociétés de Football Association ASBL v Jean-Marc Bosman ( 1995 ) C-415 / 93 ( known as the " Bosman ruling ") is a 1995 European Court of Justice decision concerning freedom of movement for workers, freedom of association, and direct effect of article 39 ( formerly 48 ) of the EC Treaty.

The servant leader will also encourage the ideas of everyone and involve workers in decision making.

Laval had been in power for a mere two months when he was faced with the decision of providing forced workers to Germany.

In the case versus the Tokyo Board of Education, the General Workers Union won a decision stating that the directly hired ALTs were indeed legally classified as " workers " ( rodosha ) and not simply contractors.

The decision to launch the blog was made by the Shin Bet's top brass, including head Yuval Diskin, and is part of an attempt to attract hi-tech workers to the agency's growing IT department.

In March 2010, Glover supported 375 Union workers in Ohio by calling upon all actors at the 2010 Academy Awards to boycott Hugo Boss suits following announcement of Hugo Boss's decision to close a manufacturing plant in Ohio after a proposed pay decrease from $ 13 to $ 8. 30 an hour was rejected by the Workers United Union.