Examples of non-volatile memory are flash memory ( sometimes used as secondary, sometimes primary computer memory ) and ROM / PROM / EPROM / EEPROM memory ( used for firmware such as boot programs ).

Examples of non-volatile memory include read-only memory ( see ROM ), flash memory, most types of magnetic computer storage devices ( e. g. hard disks, floppy discs and magnetic tape ), optical discs, and early computer storage methods such as paper tape and punched cards.

The widespread adoption of digital video has also drastically reduced the bandwidth needed for a high-definition video signal ( with HDV and AVCHD, as well as several commercial variants such as DVCPRO-HD, all using less bandwidth than a standard definition analog signal ) and tapeless camcorders based on flash memory and often a variant of MPEG-4.

* MPEG-4 good for online distribution of large videos and video recorded to flash memory

* Flash Translation Layer, a software layer used in computing to support normal file systems with flash memory

** Garbage collection ( SSD ), in flash memory

There are three general manifestations of such trauma-the typical knock out which results in a sustained loss of consciousness ( comparable to general anesthesia-where the recipient emerges and has lost memory of the event ), a " flash " knock out where a very transient ( less than three seconds ) loss of consciousness occurs ( where the recipient often maintains awareness and memory of the combat ), and lastly a " stunning " where consciousness is maintained despite extremely distorted proprioception, visual fields, and auditory processing.

However, machines also exist which have some ( or all ) microcode stored in SRAM or flash memory.

MPEG-2 Systems also defines the MPEG program stream, a container format designed for file-based media such as hard disk drives, optical discs and flash memory.

The standard bootloader for the HC11 family is called BUFFALO, " Bit User Fast Friendly Aid to Logical Operation " ( a BUFFALO prompt seen on the serial port at bootup is a sign that a board's flash memory has been erased ).

Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM.

Depending on the device, the program memory may be permanent, read-only memory that can only be programmed at the factory, or program memory may be field-alterable flash or erasable read-only memory.

In addition to the SRAM, some microcontrollers also have internal EEPROM for data storage ; and even ones that do not have any ( or not enough ) are often connected to external serial EEPROM chip ( such as the BASIC Stamp ) or external serial flash memory chip.

A few recent microcontrollers beginning in 2003 have " self-programmable " flash memory.

The necessary keys are usually too large to memorize ( but see proposal Passmaze ) and must be stored on a local computer, security token or portable memory device, such as a USB flash drive or even floppy disk.

The program is stored in the PLC either in battery-backed-up RAM or some other non-volatile flash memory.

On the contrary, the frenzy and furor of combat is only the sombre foil against which the sudden illuminations of the human flash forth with the piercing radiance of a Caravaggio.

Enough daylight is usually available from the windows, but if you have synchronized flash -- use it.

Leaving the theatre after the performance, I had a flash of intuition that life, after all ( as Rilke said ), is just a search for the nonexistent cup of hot coffee, and that this unpretentious, moving, clever, bitter slice of life was the greatest thing to happen to the American theatre since Brooks Atkinson retired.

`` The pattern '', says Dr. Morton Schillinger, psychologist at New York's Lincoln Institute for Psychotherapy, `` is for the husband to hover about anxiously and eagerly, virtually trembling in his hope that she will flash him the signal that tonight is the night ''.

Lightning is also caused by a violent separation, this time of clouds by winds to create a bright, fire-like flash.

The flash point of a liquid fuel is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mix with air.

* Preheating phase, when the unburned fuel is heated up to its flash point and then fire point.

Although it is less controllable than the more conventional oxy-fuel welding, arc welding and flash welding, it requires much less equipment and is still used to mend rails, especially in remote areas.

Modern flash chromatography systems are sold as pre-packed plastic cartridges, and the solvent is pumped through the cartridge.

Gypsum is often added to Portland cement to prevent early hardening or " flash setting ", allowing a longer working time.

2011 also saw the arrival of Frank Foster who was a sexual predator, the first flash of malevolence we see is when Maria Connor visits his home to finalise a deal.

In Ireland, the Civil Defence is still very much an active organisation and is occasionally called upon for its Auxiliary Fire Service and ambulance / rescue services when emergencies such as flash flooding occur and require additional manpower.

A storage array, a common external storage unit, typically has storage hierarchy of it own, from a fast cache, typically consisting of ( volatile and fast ) DRAM, which is connected ( again via standard interfaces ) to drives, possibly with different speeds, like flash drives and magnetic disk drives ( non-volatile ).

A storage array, a common external storage unit, typically has storage hierarchy of it own, from a fast cache, typically consisting of ( volatile and fast ) DRAM, which is connected ( again via standard interfaces ) to drives, possibly with different speeds, like flash drives and magnetic disk drives ( non-volatile ).

Duck Creek, a stream situated in Bettendorf and Davenport, is also vulnerable to flash flooding.

Usually, a flash cell is smaller than an equivalent EEPROM cell and is therefore less expensive to manufacture.

The extra space between the die faces is called the flash.

An episode of CSI: Miami, " Murder in a Flash " centers on a flash mob which is a very similar idea, albeit produced by standard transportation.

From the violence of that salt called saltpetre with sulphur and willow charcoal, combined into a powder so horrible a sound is made by the bursting of a thing so small, no more than a bit of parchment it, that we find ear assaulted by a noise exceeding the roar of strong thunder, and a flash

Bailiff Bull Shannon responds that it is " sudden flash of insight derived from a profound empathetic experience.

However, the flashover voltage of a string is less than the sum of its component discs, because the electric field is not distributed evenly across the string but is strongest at the disc nearest to the conductor, which will flash over first.

The primary advantages of a pistol caliber carbine are increased accuracy due to the buttstock and longer barrel ( and with it, sight radius ), relatively low muzzle blast / flash / recoil, higher muzzle velocity and energy of a longer barrel for increased wounding potential and penetration ( depending on the particular load used ), and ( sometimes, but not always ) greater adaptability for easily accepting accessories such as optics, weaponlights, and lasers.

Multiple other terms for the phenomenon exist, often coming from the name of a particular prominent, high-traffic site whose normal base of viewers can constitute a flash crowd when directed to a less famous website.

In 1937 Edgerton began a lifelong association with photographer Gjon Mili, who used stroboscopic equipment, in particular, multiple studio electronic flash units, to produce strikingly beautiful photographs, many of which appeared in Life Magazine.

Flash memory ( in particular, NAND flash ) has an established and growing niche as a replacement for magnetic hard disks in high performance enterprise computing installations because it has no moving parts ( making it more robust ) and has a much lower latency ; as removable storage such as USB sticks, because in lower capacity ranges it can be made smaller and cheaper than hard disks ; and on portable devices such as notebook computers and cell phones because of its lower size and weight, better tolerance of physical stress caused by e. g. shaking or dropping, and low power consumption.

Here, the absorbance at a particular wavelength or range of wavelengths of a sample is measured as a function of time after excitation by a flash of light.

Normally, flash powder mixtures are compounded to achieve a particular purpose.

In addition to the metering shutter scale, the viewfinder also displays the set lens aperture through an optical " eye " ( this particular feature missing on the Nikkormat EL ) and has a flash " ready " LED to give context to the metering needles.

Guide numbers are especially useful in dealing with manual flash units when calculating the aperture for a particular exposure or the maximum flash range for a given aperture.

Many of the characters in The Serial also speak a particular jargon or lexicon, saying words and phrases like " flash on " ( a phrasal verb meaning to " have a sudden insight about "), " Really " ( to signify assent ), and others.

Nevertheless, for most applications analogue TTL flash exposure metering was more advanced and accurate than systems used previously and permitted far more flexibility-with bounced flash exposures in particular being more accurate than manually calculated equivalents.