Boniface had to uphold the sacredness of the feudal contract at all costs, for it was only as suzerain of Sicily and of the Patrimony of Peter that he had any justification for his Italian wars, but in the English-Scottish-French triangle it was almost impossible for him to recognize the claims of any one of the contestants without seeming to invalidate those of the other two.

As such, it was beyond politics and had no need of justification by a `` message ''.

Osiander's divergence from Luther's doctrine of justification by faith involved him in a violent quarrel with Philip Melanchthon, who had adherents in Königsberg, and these theological disputes soon created an uproar in the town.

Ultimately, the Saville Inquiry was inconclusive on Martin McGuinness's role due to a lack of certainty over his movements, concluding that while he was " engaged in paramilitary activity " during Bloody Sunday, and had probably been armed with a Thompson submachine gun, there was insufficient evidence to make any finding other than they were " sure that he did not engage in any activity that provided any of the soldiers with any justification for opening fire ".

Stephen Pollard, solicitor representing several of the soldiers, said on 15 June 2010 that Saville had cherry-picked the evidence and did not have justification for his findings.

As further justification for this claim, Tom Maguire, one of those anti-Treaty members of the Second Dáil, issued a statement in favour of the Continuity IRA as he had done in 1969 in favour of the Provisionals.

Busembaum's Medulla had been burnt in Toulouse in 1757 because of its justification of regicide, deemed particularly scandalous after Damiens ' assassination attempt against Louis XV.

This provided a moral justification for the accumulation of wealth, which had previously been viewed as sinful.

As Charles shared his father's position on the power of the crown ( James had described kings as " little Gods on Earth ", chosen by God to rule in accordance with the doctrine of the " Divine Right of Kings "), the suspicions of the Parliamentarians had some justification.

A claim or defense may be frivolous because it had no underlying justification in fact, or because it was not presented with an argument for a reasonable extension or reinterpretation of the law.

Furthermore, thousands of Chams ( Tsams, Albanians living in Northern Greece ) were driven out of Greece with the justification that they had collaborated with the Nazis.

In the 18th and 19th centuries the view that Ham's sons in general had been literally " blackened " by the curse of Noah was cited as justification for black slavery.

Ottomans had to have special justification for conquering fellow Muslim Turkish principalities.

The shift of authority from the presence and intuition of knowers-from the good-faith of Reason to seek diverse knowledge integrated for human benefit or truth fidelity-to the automated database and the market had, in Lyotard's view, the power to unravel the very idea of ' justification ' or ' legitimation ' and, with it, the rationale for research altogether-esp.

While the classical writers had been the primary ideological source for the republics of Italy, in Northern Europe, the Protestant Reformation would be used as justification for establishing new republics.

William's exact motivation in ordering the compilation of Domesday Book is unclear, but it probably had several purposes, such as serving as a record of feudal obligations and a justification for increased taxation.

During the Night of the Long Knives in 1934, a purge of those whom Hitler deemed threats to his power took place, he had Röhm murdered and used Röhm's homosexuality as a justification to suppress outrage within the ranks of the SA.

He declared that the university's action had been taken " in the utmost of bad faith ... thereby providing the fig leaf of justification for my removal.

He had added to it the references to the kokutai or " national polity " as the justification of the emperor's authority through his divine descent and the unbroken line of emperors, and the unique relationship between subject and sovereign.

) He became convinced that the church was corrupt in its ways and had lost sight of what he saw as several of the central truths of Christianity, the most important of which, for Luther, was the doctrine of justification — God's act of declaring a sinner righteous — by faith alone through God's grace.

Using the justification that the Incas had " broken the inviolate law observed by all nations of the world regarding ambassadors " the new Viceroy, Francisco de Toledo, Count of Oropesa, decided to attack and conquer Vilcabamba.

but I do not believe that these examples are meant to be used as justification for our own crimes.

Such a general boycott might still be a blunt or indiscriminating instrument, and therefore of questionable justification.

The justification in Christian conscience of the use of any mode of resistance also lays down its limitation -- in the distinction between the persons against whom pressure is primarily directed, those upon whom it may be permitted also to fall, and those who may never be directly repressed for the sake even of achieving some great good.

The ostensible motive for the assassination was a desire to avenge Asahel, and this would be a sufficient justification for the deed according to the moral standard of the time.

The Exodus Rabbah argues that when the Pharaoh instructed midwives to throw male children into the Nile, Amram divorced Jochebed, who was three months pregnant with Moses at the time, arguing that there was no justification for the Israelite men to father children if they were just to be killed ; however, the text goes on to state that Miriam, his daughter, chided him for his lack of care for his wife's feelings, persuading him to recant and marry Jochebed again.

The argument continues that the only justification humanity could give for its continued existence would be the past creation and continued creation of things like a Shakespeare play, a Rembrandt painting or a Bach concerto.

Ultra vires gives a legal justification for the forced cessation of such action, which might be enforced by the people with the support of a decision of the judiciary, in a case of judicial review.

This mandate was said to be taken when rulers became unworthy of their position and provided a shrewd justification for Zhou rule.

While this could be interpreted as a justification for state action to reduce poverty, it was used by classical liberals to justify inaction with the argument that the net benefit to all individuals would be higher.

Additionally, legal experts at the State Department and Justice Department concluded that a declaration of war could be avoided so long as another legal justification, based on the Rio Treaty for defense of the Western Hemisphere, was obtained via a resolution by a two-thirds vote from the members or the Organization of American States ( OAS ).

These rules can be ignored only if justification is clear, or can be provided.

Hume's argument is that we cannot rationally justify the claim that nature will continue to be uniform, as justification comes in only two varieties, and both of these are inadequate.

Nevertheless, even if this belief turned out to be true, the patient would not have known that he would get well since his belief lacked justification.

To qualify as an item of knowledge, goes the theory, a belief must not only be true and justified, the justification of the belief must necessitate its truth.

In other words, the justification for the belief must be infallible.

" When no defeaters of one's justification exist, a subject would be epistemically justified.

Thus, though knowledge requires justification, truth, and belief, the word " knowledge " can't be, according to Williamson's theory, accurately regarded as simply shorthand for " justified true belief.

Either there are some basic beliefs that we can be justified for holding, without being able to justify them on the basis of any other belief, or else for each justified belief there is an infinite regress of ( potential ) justification nebula theory.

Although Haeckel is proven right about the allantois, the utilization of Krause ’ s embryo as justification turns out to be problematic, for the embryo is that of a bird rather than a human.

It is also a justification for free trade policies, since some economies of scale may require a larger market than is possible within a particular country — for example, it would not be efficient for Liechtenstein to have its own car maker, if they would only sell to their local market.