In science fiction circles ( especially in genres like Steampunk ), the word is also used loosely to describe imaginary, mock-Victorian worlds, where the look and technology of the Victorian era may sit alongside impossible machinery or fantastic creatures.

* Iron Sky, a 2012 Finnish film in which a colony of Nazis on the Moon have been educated with a revisionist history based on a heavily edited version of The Great Dictator in which the ' Dictator ' is portrayed as a kind and benevolent leader wishing to bring peace to the planet.

According to the revisionist version of the Oz history chronicled in Gregory Maguire's novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, the slippers were given to Nessarose, the future Wicked Witch of the East, by her father.

In recent years, revisionist productions, including those by Mark Morris, Matthew Bourne, and Mikhail Chemiakin have appeared ; these depart radically from both the original 1892 libretto and Vainonen's revival, while Maurice Bejart's version completely discards the original plot and characters.

The " Encyclopedia of Hindi Cinema " analyzed that " he defied the image of the conventional hero in both these films and created his own version of the revisionist hero.

Political developments in Spain and Catalonia eventually led to the enshrinement of a revisionist version of how Cerdà secured official approval of his plan.

In his revisionist Oz novels Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, Son of a Witch, and A Lion Among Men, Gregory Maguire portrays a very different version of the Land of Oz.

A somewhat sinister version of Tik-Tok is a minor character in Gregory Maguire's revisionist Oz novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West.

Neil Gaiman's revisionist version of The Sandman showed the somewhat Cinderella-like tyranny of Jed's guardians as genuine abusive behaviour.

In Khan's entry in Encyclopædia Britannica's " Encyclopedia of Hindi Cinema " it was stated that " he defied the image of the conventional hero in both these films and created his own version of the revisionist hero.

Both Czechoslovak leaders Jan Masaryk and Edvard Beneš expressed the opinion that the frontier between Poland and Germany could not be treated as final, and supported German revisionist claims towards Poland.

Gregory Maguire, author of the revisionist Oz novels Wicked and Son of a Witch, has written that The Emerald City of Oz " is suffused with an elegiac quality " and compares its tone with that of The Last Battle, the final volume of C. S. Lewis ' Chronicles of Narnia.

Bowie starred in The Hunger ( 1983 ), a revisionist vampire film, with Catherine Deneuve and Susan Sarandon.

This argument is at odds with the more commonly accepted Keynesian view of the causes of the Depression, and has been challenged as revisionist by many economists including Brad DeLong of U. C.

This early interest in Heidegger followed Marcuse's demand for “ concrete philosophy ,” which, he declared in 1928, “ concerns itself with the truth of contemporaneous human existence .” These words were directed against the neo-Kantianism of the mainstream, and against both the revisionist and orthodox Marxist alternatives, in which the subjectivity of the individual played little role.

The constitution enshrined in law the idea of autarky and prohibited the government from seeking financial aid or credits or from forming joint companies with partners from capitalist or communist countries perceived to be " revisionist " ( Having changed the original doctrines of Marx, Lenin and Stalin ).

However, this " nativist " position has been challenged by " revisionist " scholars who believe that much of it was created in Christian times in deliberate imitation of the epics of classical literature that came with Latin learning.

In the Historiography of the Cold War, a controversy over negationist historical revisionism exists, where numerous revisionist scholars in the West have been accused of whitewashing the crimes of Stalinism, overlooking the Katyn massacre in Poland and disregarding the validity of the Venona messages with regards to Soviet espionage in the United States.

Many Holocaust deniers reject " denier " as an accurate description of their point of view, preferring, instead, the term " Holocaust revisionist "; nonetheless, scholars prefer " Holocaust denier " to differentiate deniers from legitimate historical revisionists, whose goal is to accurately analyze historical evidence with established methods.

Despite their initial cooperation against " revisionism ," Hoxha denounced Mao as a revisionist, along with almost every other self-identified Communist organization in the world.

Opponents of this view include revisionist historians and a number of post – Cold War and otherwise dissident Soviet historians including Roy Medvedev, who argues that although " one could list the various measures carried out by Stalin that were actually a continuation of anti-democratic trends and measures implemented under Lenin ... in so many ways, Stalin acted, not in line with Lenin's clear instructions, but in defiance of them ".

In 1963, the Chinese Communist Party began to openly denounce the Soviet Union, publishing a series of nine polemics against its Marxist revisionism, with one of them being titled On Khrushchev's Phoney Communism and Historical Lessons for the World, in which Mao charged that Khrushchev was not only a revisionist but also increased the danger of capitalist restoration.

Other historians, however, including David Carpenter, have criticised the methodology behind this revisionist approach and disagree with the conclusions.

These elements, along with the Navy's long-term Anglophobia and antidemocratic posture and its belief that Germany's and the navy's defeat in World War I had been the result of a " stab in the back " formed its revisionist outlook from 1918 to 1933.

Additionally, with revisionist history, in later years many of the corporate raiders would be re-characterized as " activist shareholders ".

It called this a ' smear ' which was ' completely at variance with the facts ' because ' revisionist scholars ' such as Faurisson, Butz ' and bestselling British historian David Irving acknowledge that hundreds of thousands of Jews were killed and otherwise perished during the Second World War as a direct and indirect result of the harsh anti-Jewish policies of Germany and its allies '.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the Western was re-invented with the revisionist Western.

One of his revisionist modern biographers, however, Miriam Griffin says in her biography of Seneca that " the evidence for Seneca's life before his exile in 41 is so slight, and the potential interest of these years, for social history as well as for biography, is so great that few writers on Seneca have resisted the temptation to eke out knowledge with imagination.

It is a revisionist film in that it abandons the standard presentations of the Unionists that characterized Hollywood productions up to that time, along with the dark depictions of the Missouri riders.

Japan is an example of a state that has gone from being a revisionist state to one that is satisfied with the status quo, because the status quo is now beneficial to it.

In the 1980s, Zhao was branded by conservatives as a revisionist of Marxism, but his advocacy of government transparency and a national dialogue that included ordinary citizens in the policymaking process made him popular with many.

He set out to make a crime film about truly " criminal " criminals – a revisionist modern-day Western populated with multi-layered characters whose actions are not motivated by backstories contrived to make them endearing and sympathetic.

The Vietnam War led to the rise of a revisionist school in the United States, which led many American historians such as Gabriel Kolko and William Appleman Williams to reject traditional diplomatic history in favor of a Primat der Innenpolitik approach that saw a widespread examination of the influence of American domestic politics together with various social, economic and cultural forces on foreign-policy making.

Though the perception of the Quiet Revolution as a great upheaval in Quebec society persists ( with significant merit ), the revisionist argument that describes this period as a natural continuation of innovations already occurring in Québec cannot be omitted from any discussion on the merits of the Quiet Revolution.

In response, Soviet historians produced revisionist histories to help the ETR justify its own claims to sovereignty, with statements such as that the Uyghurs were the " most ancient Turkic people " that had contributed to world civilization.

A key revisionist method used by Azerbaijani scholars mentioned by Victor Schnirelmann and others was ” re-publishing of ancient and medieval sources, where the term “ Armenian state ” was routinely and systematically removed and replaced with “ Albanian state .” American author George Bournoutian gives examples of how that was done by Ziya Bunyadov, vice-chairman of Azerbaijani Academy of Sciences, who earned the nickname of “ Azerbaijan ’ s foremost Armenophobe .”

This revisionist approach to writing history is in direct opposition to methods which tend to emphasize single great figures in history, referred to as the great man theory ; it argues that the driving factor of history is the daily life of ordinary people, their social status and profession.

Furthermore, as an encouragement to revisionist thinking, it manifestly is fair to admit that any fraternity has a constitutional right to refuse to accept persons it dislikes.

Traditionally ascribed to the prophet Samuel, it is regarded by revisionist scholars as a novella of probable Hellenistic-era date.

Initially Sorel had officially been a revisionist of Marxism, but by 1910 announced his abandonment of socialist literature and claimed in 1914, using an aphorism of Benedetto Croce that " socialism is dead " because of the " decomposition of Marxism ".

In party names, the appellation " Marxist – Leninist " is normally used by a communist party who wishes to distinguish itself from some other ( and presumably ' revisionist ') communist party in the same country.

" Historians Hill and Yukiko have pointed out that attempts to minimize the importance of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki is revisionist history.

In the novel, historical revisionism is the principal method of propaganda used by the Ministry of Truth, where the protagonist, Winston Smith, works as a historical revisionist.

* In James Callis's revisionist 2003 miniseries Helen of Troy, Menelaus is encouraged to fight the Trojan War by his brother Agamemnon instead of by Helen's infidelity or the resulting slight to his honor.

Lisa S. Starks reads the film as a revisionist horror movie and feels that Taymor is herself part of the process of twentieth century re-evaluation of the play ; " in adapting a play that has traditionally evoked critical condemnation, Taymor calls into question that judgement, thereby opening up the possibility for new readings and considerations of the play within the Shakespeare canon.

One of the ways they do this is by purposely mischaracterizing revisionist scholars as ' deniers.

The Outlaw Josey Wales is a 1976 American revisionist Western film set during and after the American Civil War.

In order to understand their views in context, it is helpful to see the breadth and scope of traditional Jewish theodicies of evil, as well as to describe the roots of Modern and Post-Modern revisionist Jewish philosophical views.

This form predominates when what is viewed as evidence of possible reciprocation can be re-experienced ( a kind of selective or revisionist history ).

This modern narrative is revisionist history at best ..."

A revisionist view is that such rights were more common in the 11th century throughout the Conquest, but were largely suppressed in England, and survived in the Marches.

A modern revisionist interpretation is that it was a crushing defeat for the Eastern European forces where they suffered heavy casualties.

Frank McDonough is a leading proponent of this view of appeasement and describes his book Neville Chamberlain, Appeasement and the British Road to War as a " post revisionist " study.