Historically, CLT has been seen as a response to the audio-lingual method ( ALM ), and as an extension or development of the notional-functional syllabus.

In a notional-functional syllabus, instruction is organized not in terms of grammatical structure as had often been done with the ALM, but in terms of “ notions ” and “ functions .” In this model, a “ notion ” is a particular context in which people communicate, and a “ function ” is a specific purpose for a speaker in a given context.

Proponents of the notional-functional syllabus claimed that it addressed the deficiencies they found in the ALM by helping students develop their ability to effectively communicate in a variety of real-life contexts.

A notional-functional syllabus is a way of organizing a language-learning curriculum, rather than a method or an approach to teaching.

In a notional-functional syllabus, instruction is not organized in terms of grammatical structure, as had often been done with the audio-lingual method ( ALM ), but instead in terms of " notions " and " functions.

Proponents of the notional-functional syllabus ( Van Ek & Alexander, 1975 ; Wilkins, 1976 ) claimed that it addressed the deficiencies they found in the ALM by helping students develop their ability to effectively communicate in a variety of real-life contexts.

Alcuin of York is the most influential teacher in Europe as he set the basis of the syllabus for European schools.

A curriculum is prescriptive, and is based on a more general syllabus which merely specifies what topics must be understood and to what level to achieve a particular grade or standard.

In the DVIDA Nightclub Two-Step syllabus, this action is called a Traveling Cross.

In Denmark it is mandatory to receive education answering to the basic school syllabus until the 10th year of school education.

In the United States, Virgil and specifically the Aeneid were taught in the fourth year of a Latin sequence, at least until the 1960s ; the current ( 2011 ) Advanced Placement curriculum in Latin continues to assign a central position to the poem: " The AP Latin: Virgil Exam is designed to test the student's ability to read, translate, understand, analyze, and interpret the lines of the Aeneid that appear on the course syllabus in Latin.

Part 141 is a more structured method for pilot training, based on FAA syllabus and other standards.

Military pilots are trained with a different syllabus than civilian pilots, which is delivered by military instructors.

The close link with the undergraduate syllabus is underlined by the refusal until 1856 to admit Scholars to the Library ( a request for admission was rejected by the Board in 1842 on the grounds that Scholars should stick to their prescribed books and not indulge in ' those desultory habits ' that admission to an extensive library would encourage ).

Also, the term is used in the international Latin-American dance syllabus, where it is a misnomer: the music used for this slower dance is the bolero-son.

The syllabus is limited to natural and reverse turns, Changes, Fleckerls, Contra Check, Left Whisk, and canter time Pivots ( Canter Pivots ).

It is a commonly assigned reading for undergraduates of American universities majoring in the political or social sciences, and part of the introductory political theory syllabus at Cambridge, Oxford and other institutions.

The original Shotokan kata syllabus is introduced in Funakoshi's book Karate-do Kyohan, which is the Master Text of Shotokan karate.

Japan Shotokai's kata syllabus is the same as established in " Karate-do Kyohan " added Gigo Funakoshi's staff kata Matsukaze No Kon.

This type of kata is not traditional Gōjū-ryū kata ; instead, they are " promotional kata ", simple enough to be taught as part of Physical Education programs at schools, and part of a standardized karate syllabus for schools, independently of the sensei's style.

Nagamine Shoshin ( Matsubayashi Shorin-Ryū ) developed fukyugata dai ichi, which is part of current Matsubayashi Shorin Ryu syllabus ; and Miyagi Chojun developed fukyugata dai ni, which is part of current Gōjū-ryū syllabus under the name gekisai dai ichi.

The BBC Prison Study is now taught as a core study on the UK A-level Psychology OCR syllabus.

To this day, Shitō-ryū recognizes the influences of Itosu and Higaonna: the kata syllabus of Shitō-ryū is still often listed in such a way as to show the two lineages.

Deoband's curriculum is based on the 17th-century Indo-Islamic syllabus known as Dars-e-Nizami.

American Style Viennese Waltz has much more freedom, both in dance positions and syllabus.

A curriculum is prescriptive, and is based on a more general syllabus which merely specifies what topics must be understood and to what level to achieve a particular grade or standard.

At this summer school the students are stretched, with daily lectures going beyond the normal GCSE syllabus and exploring some of the wider ( and more appealing ) aspects of mathematics.

Largely due to the end of the cold war in the 1990s, the TOPGUN syllabus was modified to include more emphasis on the air-to-ground strike mission as a result of the expanding multi-mission taskings of the F-14 and F / A-18.

There are currently over 1, 000 students in full-time or part-time teacher training programmes with the Academy and each year, the examination syllabus is taught to more than a quarter of a million students worldwide.

There is now however a new syllabus since 2010 and there are more than two exams.

With its training syllabus based on the UK Sea Cadet Corps programme, the corps soon expanded to include five more school units and two open units by 1951.

Following the replacement of the Language A2 option with the group 1 Language and Literature offering for courses starting in summer 2011, the Language B syllabus has been changed: the coursework is now more rigorous, and at HL there is the compulsory study of two works of literature ( although this is for comprehension rather than analysis and is only assessed through coursework.

Some styles calls it as Rokkishu and it was created from some movements taken from Hakutsuru, although more careful analysis suggest that it might be Miyagi's personal interpretation of Kakufa-kata that was in Higashionna's syllabus but is omitted in Gōjū-ryū now.

Grade 10 is a preparatory year and introduction to the Grade 11-12 University of Cambridge syllabus which provides students with an International General Certificate of Secondary Education or the more advanced Cambridge IT Skills Diploma.

They looked for new ways to present and organize language instruction, and advocated the notional functional syllabus, and eventually CLT as the most effective way to teach second and foreign languages.

It started in 1998 when two Akban veterans started organizing the vast X-kan syllabus learnt in Akban into a computerized database.

Of the six canonical texts or Vedangas that formed the core syllabus in Brahminic education from the 1st century AD till the 18th century, four dealt with language:

This follows the Hong Kong education syllabus, serving as a reference for primary and secondary school students of mathematics, the English language, Putonghua, and other school subjects.

The most common exception is when the international school requires a teacher trained specifically for an international syllabus or for teaching a foreign language rare to the international school's country of origin.

Aditya Thackeray, grandson of Bal Thackeray, a final-year Arts student at St. Xavier's College, complained to the vice chancellor that the book contains abusive language about his grandfather and the Maharashtrian community and demanded its withdrawal from the syllabus.

An interest in education resulted in Yukteswar developing a syllabus for schools, on the subjects of physics, physiology, geography, astronomy, and astrology He also wrote a book for Bengalis on learning basic English and Hindi called " First Book ", and wrote a basic book on astrology.

It is useful for applications such as games and robot motor control, where it is easy to measure a network's performance at a task but difficult or impossible to create a syllabus of correct input-output pairs for use with a supervised learning algorithm.

Any dentist in the UK who wishes to train in the field of dental implantology must take part in an extended learning program which covers a detailed theory syllabus, as approved by the GDC, in addition to formal supervised surgical training and mentoring.

Many generalized items of a syllabus can be amplified in a specific curriculum to maximize efficient learning by clarifying student understanding of specified material such as grading policy, grading rubric, late work policy, locations and times, other contact information for instructor and teaching assistant such as phone or email, materials required and / or recommended such as textbooks, assigned reading books, calculators ( or other equipment ), lab vouchers, etc., outside resources for subject material assistance ( extracurricular books, tutor locations, resource centers, etc.

The department has a library with management literature of Indian and foreign syllabus accommodative books of international authors, a separate computer lab supplemented by a seminar hall and an audio visual learning center which is equipped with VCD system, VCR, LCD Projector, overhead projector, slide projector and multimedia systems.