The dissection of scientific theory, the examination of a theory from the vantage-points of language, epistemology, and ethics, is itself a distinct contribution to knowledge, no less so because of its removal from empirical research.

There was no close examination of his clothes for bloodstains, and certainly no scientific test was made of them.

Conservators routinely use chemical and scientific analysis for the examination and treatment of cultural works.

After each of the landing missions, he participated in the examination and evaluation of the returned lunar samples and helped the crews with the scientific aspects of their mission reports.

Konrad Gessner wrote the first scientific description of a killer whale in his " Fish book " of 1558, based on examination of a dead stranded animal in the Bay of Greifswald that had attracted a great deal of local interest.

The idea of using this particular raw material originated from Edison's recalling his examination of a few threads from a bamboo fishing pole while relaxing on the shore of Battle Lake in the present-day state of Wyoming, where he and other members of a scientific team had traveled so that they could clearly observe a total eclipse of the sun on July 29, 1878, from the Continental Divide.

The similarities have inspired popular culture references for decades, as well as scientific examination.

In spite of early attempts to classify gaits based on footprints or the sound of footfalls, it wasn't until Eadweard Muybridge and Étienne-Jules Marey began taking rapid series of photographs that proper scientific examination of gaits could begin.

Skelton's scientific colleagues at the British Museum made a short preliminary examination in 1967 and found that:

No further scientific examination has since been conducted on the bones, which remain in Westminster Abbey, and DNA analysis, which would now determine the sex, has not, so far, been attempted.

* Piercing an Ancient Tale Solving the mystery of a Christian relic by Maryann Bird is an article in the European Edition of TIME magazine on British metallurgist Robert Feather ’ s scientific examination of the Spear in Vienna.

The philosophical community has investigated the logical requirements for scientific evidence by examination of the relationship between evidence and hypotheses, in contrast to scientific approaches which focus on the candidate facts and their context.

Questioned document examination is a scientific process for investigating many aspects of various documents, and is often used to examine the provenance and verity of a suspected forgery.

* Paranormal matters: Accounts of miracles, alleged UFO / alien encounters ( including examination of the Roswell UFO Incident and the Phoenix UFO Incident, the UFO incident in Eupen, Belgium observed by NATO fighter jets, or scientific questions about life on Mars ), ghosts, Bigfoot, or other inexplicable phenomena.

The imperial examination system has been argued to be an important cause of the Great Divergence, in which China's scientific and economic development diverged from Europe, since the imperial examination system is argued to have removed the incentives for Chinese intellectuals to learn mathematics or to conduct experimentation.

John Drewe was able to pass off as genuine paintings, a large number of forgeries that would have easily been recognised as such by scientific examination.

They can be used for traffic control, scientific examination, airport observation systems, and hydrology.

Through his own efforts, he acquired sufficient scientific skills and knowledge to ask for, and receive, an examination by the professor of chemistry at Tübingen.

These samples were subjected to scientific examination and analysis by several experts.

By using scientific dating methods, or examination of marine fossils found on the platform, it is possible to work out when the platform was formed, thus giving geographers and geologists information about sea levels at known times in the past.

James Strachey considered free association as ' the first instrument for the scientific examination of the human mind '.

The program concluded usually after five years with the final examination and a thesis ( Diplomarbeit ) which usually is an extensive project of a current practical or scientific aspect of the profession.

In the 13th century medieval Europe the English bishop Robert Grosseteste wrote on a wide range of scientific topics discussing light from four different perspectives: an epistemology of light, a metaphysics or cosmogony of light, an etiology or physics of light, and a theology of light, basing it on the works Aristotle and Platonism.

The Buddha taught to the civilized Aryans of India 25 centuries ago a scientific religion containing the highest individualistic altruistic ethics, a philosophy of life built on psychological mysticism and a cosmogony which is in harmony with geology, astronomy, radioactivity and relativity.

His scientific interests were planetary cosmogony, astrophysics and geophysics.

* Lithic analysis – the analysis of stone tools using basic scientific techniques

However, the various preconditions for the development at Ford stretched far back into the 19th century, from the gradual realization of the dream of interchangeability, to the concept of reinventing workflow and job descriptions using analytical methods ( the most famous example being scientific management ).

The general consensus in the scientific community, however, was to associate this type of complexity with Kolmogorov, who was concerned with randomness of a sequence, while Algorithmic Probability became associated with Solomonoff, who focused on prediction using his invention of the universal a priori probability distribution.

" This local zinc was used in speltering and allowed greater control over the zinc content of brass and the production of high zinc copper alloys which would have been difficult or impossible to produce using cementation, for use in expensive objects such as scientific instruments, clocks, brass buttons and costume jewellery.

Thus, computing includes designing and building hardware and software systems for a wide range of purposes ; processing, structuring, and managing various kinds of information ; doing scientific studies using computers ; making computer systems behave intelligently ; creating and using communications and entertainment media ; finding and gathering information relevant to any particular purpose, and so on.

Modern scientific investigations into consciousness are based on psychological experiments ( including, for example, the investigation of priming effects using subliminal stimuli ), and on case studies of alterations in consciousness produced by trauma, illness, or drugs.

Though controversial ( with many traditional herpetologists still using Bufo marinus ) the binomial Rhinella marina is gaining in acceptance with such bodies as the IUCN, Encyclopaedia of Life, Amphibian Species of the World and increasing numbers of scientific publications adopting its usage.

In 1978 the magician and scientific sceptic James Randi and a team from the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal examined the photographs, using a " computer enhancement process ".

** A natural science – one that seeks to elucidate the rules that govern the natural world using empirical and scientific method.

Anton and Phelps have provided a detailed HOWTO to conduct the performance evaluation of the business, whereas others are using various scientific technologies to do the jobs.

In 1884 he met Georges Seurat and Paul Signac, both of whom relied on a more “ scientific ” theory of painting by using very small patches of pure colors to create the illusion of blended colors and shading when viewed from a distance.

In 1973, Texas Instruments ( TI ) introduced the SR-10, ( SR signifying slide rule ) an algebraic entry pocket calculator using scientific notation for $ 150.

He pursued his interest in behaviour by encouraging his protégé George Romanes, who investigated animal learning and intelligence using an anthropomorphic method, anecdotal cognitivism, that did not gain scientific support.

In scientific use the term empirical refers to the gathering of data using only evidence that is observable by the senses or in some cases using calibrated scientific instruments.

Accurate analysis of data using standardized statistical methods in scientific studies is critical to determining the validity of empirical research.

The euphonium has an extensive range, comfortably from E2 to about D5 for intermediate players ( using scientific pitch notation ).

* 1921: The French Academy of the Sciences recommends using Esperanto for international scientific communication.

Aubrey's vivid account, which portrays Bacon as a martyr to experimental scientific method, had him journeying to Highgate through the snow with the King's physician when he is suddenly inspired by the possibility of using the snow to preserve meat: " They were resolved they would try the experiment presently.

Among other things, Schroeder attempts to reconcile a six day creation as described in Genesis with the scientific evidence that the world is billions of years old using the idea that the perceived flow of time for a given event in an expanding universe varies with the observer ’ s perspective of that event.

It was the first underwater archaeology operation using autonomous diving, opening the way for scientific underwater archaeology.

The interest in Leonardo's genius has continued unabated ; experts study and translate his writings, analyse his paintings using scientific techniques, argue over attributions and search for works which have been recorded but never found.