According to Jürgen Habermas, the " substantive unity " of reason has dissolved in modern times, such that it can no longer answer the question " How should I live?

" According to the distinguished German social theorist, Jürgen Habermas, " For Weber, the intrinsic ( that is, not merely contingent ) relationship between modernity and what he called ' Occidental rationalism ' was still self-evident.

According to Habermas, the " substantive " ( i. e. formally & semantically integrated ) rationality that characterized pre-modern worldviews has, since modern times, been emptied of its content and divided into three purely " formal " realms: ( 1 ) cognitive-instrumental reason ; ( 2 ) moral-practical reason ; and ( 3 ) aesthetic-expressive reason.

According to Buddhist teachers, the experience of lucidity helps us understand the unreality of phenomena, which would otherwise be overwhelming during dream or the death experience.

According to this view, all that exists is matter and void, and all phenomena result from different motions and conglomerations of base material particles called " atoms " ( literally: " indivisibles ").

According to one theory, myths began as allegories for natural phenomena: Apollo represents the sun, Poseidon represents water, and so on.

According to these thinkers, the ancients worshipped natural phenomena such as fire and air, gradually coming to describe them as gods.

According to the particular tradition, with the experience of nirvana the mind ( Buddhism ) or soul ( Jainism ) or spirit ( Hinduism ) has ended its identity with material phenomena and experiences a sense of great peace.

According to the Parapsychological Association, parapsychologists do not study all paranormal phenomena, nor are they concerned with astrology, UFOs, Bigfoot, paganism, vampires, alchemy, or witchcraft.

According to some parapsychologists, controversy stems from the apparent elusiveness and unpredictability of parapsychological phenomena and their incompatibility with the established scientific laws.

According to structural theory in anthropology and social anthropology, meaning is produced and reproduced within a culture through various practices, phenomena and activities that serve as systems of signification.

According to the currently accepted theory, three of those four phenomena do not produce superluminal communication, even though they may give that appearance under some conditions.

According to a respected author: " There is no compelling reason to believe that the classical thermodynamic entropy is a measurable property of nonequilibrium phenomena, ..."

Following the success of The Stranglers ' previous four albums they were given complete freedom for their next, The Gospel According to The Meninblack, a concept album exploring religion and the supposed connection between religious phenomena and extraterrestrial visitors.

According to Durkheim, these phenomena cannot be reduced to biological or psychological grounds.

According to epiphenomenalism, free will having an effect on the physical world is an illusion, as physical phenomena can only be caused by other physical phenomena.

According to Time, descriptions of the phenomena varied, but the pilots agreed that the mysterious lights followed their aircraft closely at high speed.

According to Lévi-Strauss, each of these four combinations corresponds to the phenomena that are to be observed in one people or another.

According to astrological theory, celestial phenomena reflect or determine human activity on the principle of ' as above so below '.

According to Merton, middle-range theory starts its theorizing with clearly defined aspects of social phenomena, rather than with broad, abstract entities such as society as a whole.

According to Kant humans can never know noumena ; all that humans know is the phenomena.

According to the traditional explanation, the theory of the consciousnesses attempted to explain all the phenomena of cyclic existence, including how rebirth occurs and precisely how karma functions on an individual basis.

According to Bly, many of the phenomena of depression, juvenile delinquency and lack of leadership in business and politics have their roots in these problems.

According to Kant, space and time, which are the a priori forms and preconditions of all sensory experience, " refer to objects only to the extent that these are considered as phenomena, but do not represent the things in themselves ".

According to Tibetan tradition, after death and before one's next birth, when one's consciousness is not connected with a physical body, one experiences a variety of phenomena.

According to the Bhairavi, Ramakrishna was experiencing phenomena that accompany mahabhava — the supreme attitude of loving devotion towards the divine – and quoting from the bhakti shastras, she said that other religious figures like Radha and Chaitanya had similar experiences.

According to Bailey, she had come to see the society as authoritarian and involved with " lower psychic phenomena .".

According to Hawks, a new set was in need of quickly being built when the studios set designer was unavailable and Hawks volunteered to do the job himself, much to Fairbank's satisfaction.

According to Giles ' theory of sexual desire it is an existential need based on the awareness of having a gender.

According to Bohr's model of the atom, electrons have a high velocity, and the larger the nucleus they are orbiting the faster they would need to move.

According to the LTTE's then head of police, the force was to be assigned to tasks such as rehabilitation, construction, forest conservation and agriculture, but would also be used to battle the Sri Lankan military if the need arose.

According to this view, flour mixed with other liquids would not need to be treated with the same care as flour mixed with water.

According to Holmstrom, punk rock was " rock and roll by people who didn't have very much skills as musicians but still felt the need to express themselves through music ".

According to a UK site on work etiquette, the " fact that swearing is a part of everyday life means that we need to navigate a way through a day in the office without offending anyone, while still appreciating that people do swear.

According to Pelagian doctrine, because humans are sinners by choice, they are therefore criminals who need the atonement of Jesus Christ.

According to author Anne Henderson of the Sydney Institute, Lyons held a steadfast belief in " the need to balance budgets, lower costs to business and restore confidence " and the Lyons period gave Australia " stability and eventual growth " between the drama of the Depression and the outbreak of the Second World War.

According to the principle of ontological parsimony, he holds that we do not need to allow entities in all ten of Aristotle's categories ; we thus do not need the category of quantity, as the mathematical entities are not " real ".

According to Aristotle, the process of dividing a continuum need never come to an end.

According to Crosland, it was now possible to achieve greater equality in society without the need for " fundamental " economic transformation.

According to the Weimar Republic 1928 Law on Firearms & Ammunition, firearms acquisition or carrying permits were “ only to be granted to persons of undoubted reliability, and — in the case of a firearms carry permit — only if a demonstration of need is set forth .” The Nazis replaced this law with the Weapons Law of March 18, 1938, which was very similar in structure and wording, but relaxed gun control requirements for the general population.

According to Russell, " we need a description of the fact which would make a given belief true " where " Truth is a property of beliefs.

According to scholar Ervand Abrahamian, although there were several decades of prohibition of torture that spread from Europe to most parts of the world, by the 1980s, the taboo against torture was broken and torture " returned with a vengeance ," propelled in part by television and an opportunity to break political prisoners and broadcast the resulting public recantations of their political beliefs for " ideological warfare, political mobilization, and the need to win ' hearts and minds.

According to Gruber ( 1993 ): " Ontologies are often equated with taxonomic hierarchies of classes, class definitions, and the subsumption relation, but ontologies need not be limited to these forms.

According to the CCAR, personal autonomy still has precedence over these platforms ; lay people need not accept all, or even any, of the beliefs stated in these platforms.

According to Schechter, the qigong society under which Li and other qigong masters belonged asked Li to hike his tuition, but again Li refused, and emphasised the need for the teachings to be free of charge.

According to one study, the hippocampal reelin expression rapidly goes up when there is need to store a memory, as demethylases open up the RELN gene.

According to Enthoven and Smith, the basic ideas of PPBS were: " the attempt to put defense program issues into a broader context and to search for explicit measures of national need and adequacy "; " consideration of military needs and costs together "; " explicit consideration of alternatives at the top decision level "; " the active use of an analytical staff at the top policymaking levels "; " a plan combining both forces and costs which projected into the future the foreseeable implications of current decisions "; and " open and explicit analysis, that is, each analysis should be made available to all interested parties, so that they can examine the calculations, data, and assumptions and retrace the steps leading to the conclusions.

According to Giles Lury, this marketing trend echoes the deeply rooted need of all humans to be entertained.

According to Goldemberg et al .. ( 1996, p. 28 ), short-term leakage effects need to be judged against leakage effects in the long-term.

According to one legend, in 1994 he had a dream in which a woman told him: " We need your help ; you must rise.

According to Skáldskaparmál, the gods Odin, Loki and Hœnir set out one day on a journey, traveling through mountains and wilderness until they were in need of food.