According to several accounts of this time, guilds became increasingly involved in simple territorial struggles against each other and against free practitioners of their arts.

According to the survey conducted by the All Japan Kendo Federation, the number of active kendo practitioners in Japan is 477, 000 in which 290, 000 dan holders are included.

" According an journalist Ethan Gutmann, security officers had been expecting them, and corralled the practitioners onto Fuyou Street in front of Zhongnanhai government compound.

According to Zhao, Falun Gong practitioners have established a " resistance identity "— one that stands against prevailing pursuits of wealth, power, scientific rationality, and " the entire value system associated with China's project of modernization.

According to James Tong, the regime aimed at both coercive dissolution of the Falun Gong denomination and " transformation " of the practitioners.

According to the Vajrayana tradition, at certain times the bodymind is in a very subtle state which can be used by advanced practitioners to transform the mindstream.

According to Heimskringla's account, king Olaf had practitioners of seiðr tied and left on a skerry at tide | ebb.

According to a 2000 census, China is home to approximately 9. 8 million Hui people, the majority of whom are Chinese-speaking practitioners of Islam, though some practice other religions.

According to Tripitaka Master Shramana Hsuan Hua of the City of Ten Thousand Buddhas, All of these beings are invoked ( hooked and summoned ) and exhorted to behave ( subdued ) and protect the Dharma and its practitioners in the Shurangama Mantra

According to Thomas A Potterfield, many organizational theorists and practitioners regard employee empowerment as one of the most important and popular management concepts of our time.

According to the Party's official historian this period was marked by a growing division between the practitioners of cultural politics – heavily inspired by the writings of Antonio Gramsci and party's powerful industrial department which advocated a policy of militant labourism.

: " According to various gossip columnists in chiropractic, our profession appears to be currently enmeshed in a brutal civil war between BOOP ( bone-out-of-place ) practitioners and low back pain practitioners.

According to certain proponents of the Paleolithic diet, practitioners should derive about 56 – 65 % of their food energy from animal foods and 36 – 45 % from plant foods.

According to Wagner, the basic methodology is to use “ spiritual mapping ” to locate areas, demon-possessed persons, occult practitioners such as witches and FreeMasons, or occult idol objects like statues of Catholic saints, which are then named and fought, using methods ranging from intensive prayer to burning with fire, “ they must burn the idols … the kinds of material things that might be bringing honor to the spirits of darkness: pictures, statues, Catholic saints, Books of Mormon … and what have you ….

According to Garzon, this raised questions about some practitioners ' level of training.

According to Hugh de Ferranti, modern, live performances of biwa narrative singing are rare, with almost all performers as “ practitioners of chikuzenbiwa and satsumabiwa ”.

According to Quigley: practitioners of anthropology cling on to the flotsam of a theory which their own evidence devastatingly undermines.

According to practitioners, this gives them a better grip on the ball and allows for tighter spin and greater movement.

According to Bernstein, “ these themes are also basic applications of urbanism .” As pragmatism shares a history of development with modern cities, both pragmatists and urban practitioners have influenced each other.

According to Vicenzo Perna, author of Timba: The Sound of the Cuban Crisis, timba needs to be spoken of because of its musical, cultural, social, and political reasons ; its sheer popularity in Cuba, its novelty and originality as a musical style, the skill of its practitioners, its relationship with both local traditions and the culture of the black Diaspora, its meanings, and the way its style brings to light the tension points within society.

According to some observers, one may trim the beard after a loss in an effort to change the team's luck ; Jim Dowd and Roberto Luongo were such practitioners.

According to the National Surgical Assistant Association ( NSAA ), the average annual salary for the non-physician surgical first assistant in 2005 ranged from $ 50, 000 ( entry level ) to $ 150, 000 annually for full-time practitioners, with top wages reaching $ 200, 000 yearly.

According to Lee Hee-Soo ( Yi Hui-su ), president of the Korea Islam Institute, there are about 40, 000 listed Muslims in South Korea, and about 10, 000 are estimated to be highly active practitioners.

According to the official interpretation of the Charter, a member cannot be penalized by not having the right to vote in the General Assembly for nonpayment of financial obligations to the `` special '' United Nations' budgets, and of course cannot be expelled from the Organization ( which you suggested in your editorial ), due to the fact that there is no provision in the Charter for expulsion.

According to The Canadian Dictionary of ASL there are five broad regions of ASL variation in Canada, the Pacific, Prairie, Ontario, Quebec, and Atlantic regions.

According to SonyBMG, there are no plans to release The Sicilian Defence.

According to the anthropologist Tim Ingold, animism shares similarities to totemism but differs in its focus on individual spirit beings which help to perpetuate life, whereas totemism more typically holds that there is a primary source, such as the land itself or the ancestors, who provide the basis to life.

According to Alexei Nakamura, as of 2012, there are only 205 Ainu living in Russia ( up from just 12 people who self-identified as Ainu in 2008 ) and they along with the Kurile Kamchadals ( Itelmen of Kuril islands ) are fighting for official recognition.

According to Stewart, there was evidence that gambling interests may have influenced Johnson's impeachment trial.

According to biblical scholars, the Torah's genealogy for Levi's descendants, is actually an aetiological myth reflecting the fact that there were four different groups among the levites – the Gershonites, Kohathites, Merarites, and Aaronids ; Aaron – the eponymous ancestor of the Aaronids – couldn't be portrayed as a brother to Gershon, Kohath, and Merari, as the narrative about the birth of Moses ( brother of Aaron ), which textual scholars attribute to the earlier Elohist source, mentions only that both his parents were Levites ( without identifying their names ).

According to the Christian doctrine of Universal Reconciliation, the Greek New Testament scriptures use the word " eon " to mean a long period ( perhaps 1000 years ) and the word " eonian " to mean " during a long period "; Thus there was a time before the eons, and the eonian period is finite.

According to federal guidelines, only approved religious symbols — of which there are 38 — can be placed on government headstones or memorial plaques.

According to Autodesk company information, the AutoCAD software is now used in a range of industries, employed by architects, project managers and engineers, amongst other professions, and as of 1994 there had been 750 training centers established across the world to educate users about the company's primary products.

According to Theravada commentaries, there are five requisite factors that must all be fulfilled for an act to be both an act of killing and to be karmically negative.

According to this view, the poem says that there may, or may not, have been a divine visit, when there was briefly heaven in England.

According to the 2009 CIA World Factbook, there are a total of 43 airports in Belgium, 27 of which have paved runways.

According to the International Telecommunication Union, in 2004 there were only 479, 000 telephone subscribers in the country of nearly 11 million people, with. 061 main lines per 1000 inhabitants.

According to bundle theory, an object consists of its properties and nothing more: thus neither can there be an object without properties nor can one even conceive of such an object ; for example, bundle theory claims that thinking of an apple compels one also to think of its color, its shape, the fact that it is a kind of fruit, its cells, its taste, or at least one other of its properties.

According to this understanding, the self can not be reduced to a bundle because there is nothing that answers to the concept of a self.

According to the London IPO filings, the management team was Philippe Kahn as President, Spencer Ozawa as VP of Operations, Marie Bourget as CFO, and Spencer Leyton as VP of business development, while all software development was continuing to take place in Denmark and later London as the Danish co-founders moved there.

According to Ethnologue, there are over 40 million L2 speakers

According to these scholars, there was something they variously call " earliest Buddhism ", " original Buddhism " or " pre-canonical Buddhism ".

According to Ivinskaya, however, " I believe that between Stalin and Pasternak there was an incredible, silent duel.

According to Okrent ( 2009, p. 190 ), there was a final period of conflict, as Bliss would make continuous criticisms to McNaughton often followed by apologies.

According to the E. J. Erickson the Greek Navy also played a crucial, albeit indirect role, in the Thracian campaign by neutralizing no less than three Thracian Corps ( see First Balkan War, the Bulgarian theater of operations ), a significant portion of the Ottoman Army there, in the all-important opening round of the war.

According to film historian Jeffrey Vance, " although he relied upon associates to arrange varied and complex instrumentation, the musical imperative is his, and not a note in a Chaplin musical score was placed there without his assent.

According to the CIA World Factbook, Costa Rica's GDP per capita is US $ 10, 900 ( 2009 ); however, there is a lack of maintenance and new investment in infrastructure, 21. 3 % of the people living below the poverty line and 7. 8 % ( 2009 ) unemployed.