The ALARA ( As Low As Reasonably Achievable ) principle has been advocated for an ultrasound examination — that is, keeping the scanning time and power settings as low as possible but consistent with diagnostic imaging — and that by that principle non-medical uses, which by definition are not necessary, are actively discouraged.

They can be formulated as SMART criteria: Specific, Measurable ( or at least evaluable ) achievement, Achievable ( recently Agreed-to or Acceptable are used regularly as well ), realistic ( given the current state of organizational resources ) and Time terminated ( bounded ).

This means the measure has a Specific purpose for the business, it is Measurable to really get a value of the KPI, the defined norms have to be Achievable, the improvement of a KPI has to be Relevant to the success of the organization, and finally it must be Time phased, which means the value or outcomes are shown for a predefined and relevant period.

Lowest Achievable Emissions Rate is used by the Environmental Protection Agency to determine if emissions from a new or modified major stationary source are acceptable under SIP guidelines.

" Magic is a set of techniques and approaches for extending the limits of Achievable Reality " is probably the most concise definition of Hine's approach to magic.

The amount of radiation from diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures is kept within a safe limit relative to the established " ALARA " ( As Low As Reasonably Achievable ) principle.

Integrative Thinking as described may be learned by applying the SOARA ( Satisfying, Optimum, Achievable Results Ahead ) Process of Integrative Thinking devised by Graham Douglas to any problem with which the learner is dealing. The SOARA Process of Integrative Thinking employs a comprehensive and easily remembered set of triggers of internal and external knowledge.

The standards for a particular source category require the maximum degree of emission reduction that the EPA determines to be achievable, which is known as the Maximum Achievable Control Technology ( MACT ).

The process must be SMART ( Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Timebound ), scalable and proportionate to the risk and resources.

However, the deprecated parts-per notation is often used to describe small mass ratios.

If two elements form more than one compound between them, then the ratios of the masses of the second element which combine with a fixed mass of the first element will be ratios of small whole numbers.

Other effective theories are heavy quark effective theory ( which expands around heavy quark mass near infinity ), and soft-collinear effective theory ( which expands around large ratios of energy scales ).

Rockets as a group have the highest thrust-to-weight ratio of any type of engine ; and this helps vehicles achieve high mass ratios, which improves the performance of flights.

The highest mass ratios are generally achieved with liquid rockets, and these types are usually used for orbital launch vehicles, a situation which calls for a high delta-v.

The mass ratios can be calculated by dividing each by the total in the whole reaction.

Different minerals in a given geologic setting can acquire distinctly different ratios of radiogenic strontium-87 to naturally occurring strontium-86 (< sup > 87 </ sup > Sr /< sup > 86 </ sup > Sr ) through time ; and their age can be calculated by measuring the < sup > 87 </ sup > Sr /< sup > 86 </ sup > Sr in a mass spectrometer, knowing the amount of < sup > 87 </ sup > Sr present when the rock or mineral formed, and calculating the amount of < sup > 87 </ sup > Rb from a measurement of the Rb present and knowledge of the < sup > 85 </ sup > Rb /< sup > 87 </ sup > Rb weight ratio.

This concept, called a laser-pushed lightsail, was analyzed by physicist Robert L. Forward in 1989 as a method of Interstellar travel that would avoid extremely high mass ratios by not carrying fuel.

However, recent advances in mass spectrometry ( i. e. multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ) now enable the measurement of isotope ratios in heavier stable elements, such as iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, etc.

For instance, the variation in the ratios of stable hydrogen isotopes across latitudes makes it possible to roughly establish the origins of migrant birds using mass spectrometric analysis of feather samples.

Treeshrews have a higher brain to body mass ratio than any mammals, including humans, though high ratios are not uncommon for animals weighing less than a kilogram.

) Newton estimated the mass ratios Sun: Jupiter and Sun: Saturn ( Proposition 8, Corollary 2 ), and pointed out that these put the centre of the Sun usually a little way off the common center of gravity, but only a little, the distance at most " would scarcely amount to one diameter of the Sun " ( Proposition 12 ).

Many of these quantities are related to each other by various physical laws, and as a result the units of some of the quantities can be expressed as products ( or ratios ) of powers of other units ( e. g., momentum is mass times velocity and velocity is measured in distance divided by time ).

In chemistry, mass concentration " ratios " are usually expressed as w / v percentages, and are really proportions.

Most significantly, the LACE system is far heavier than a pure rocket engine having the same thrust ( air-breathing engines of almost all types have relatively poor thrust-to-weight ratios compared to rockets ), and the performance of launch vehicles of all types is particularly affected by increases in vehicle dry mass ( such as engines ) that must be carried all the way to orbit, as opposed to oxidizer mass that would be burnt off over the course of the flight.

Isotope ratios are measured using mass spectrometry, which separates the different isotopes of an element on the basis of their mass-to-charge ratio.

Lean game meat, such as cooked wild rabbit, is more energy-dense ( up to 1. 7 calories per gram ), but it does not constitute the bulk of the diet by mass / volume at the recommended plant / animal ratios, and it does not reach the densities of many processed foods commonly consumed by modern humans: most McDonalds sandwiches such as the Big Mac average 2. 4 to 2. 8 calories / gram,

Particle – antiparticle pairs are seen to travel in helices with opposite directions but identical radii, implying that the ratios differ only in sign ; but this does not indicate whether it is the charge or the inertial mass which is inverted.

This one is for the measurement of carbon dioxide isotope ratios ( Isotope ratio mass spectrometry | IRMS ) as in the carbon-13 urea breath test

The advantage to this is that the mass ratios of the individual stages is vastly reduced due to the way cross feed modifies the rocket equation.

Optimistically, the lower mass ratios would translate to lower overall R & D costs, even if two different stage designs.

The effects of television and other mass media are erasing regional dialects and localisms with a startling force.

The problem is rather to find out what is actually happening, and this is especially difficult for the reason that `` we are busily being defended from a knowledge of the present, sometimes by the very agencies -- our educational system, our mass media, our statesmen -- on which we have had to rely most heavily for understanding of ourselves ''.

To the extent that our sampling of the orientations of American college students in the years 1950 and 1952 may be representative of our culture -- and still valid in 1959 -- we are disposed to question the summary characterization of the current generation as silent, beat, apathetic, or as a mass of other-directed conformists who are guided solely by social radar without benefit of inner gyroscopes.

The novels and stories like Pohl's Drunkard's Walk ( 1960 ), with the focus on adventure and with the dystopian elements only a dim background -- in this case an uneasy, overpopulated world in which the mass of people do uninteresting routine jobs while a carefully selected, university-trained elite runs everything -- are in all likelihood as numerous as dystopias.

From an estimated mass of 25 g for a zero-magnitude meteorite, the other masses are derived with the assumption of a mass decrease by a factor of 2.512 for each unit increase in magnitude.

The flux values are for all particles with masses greater than the given mass and are based on an estimate of the numbers of visual meteors.

The popularity of local color literature before the Spanish-American War, the steady currency of the Lincoln myth, the increased emphasis on the frontier West in our mass media are cases in point.

In denying motions for dismissal, Judge Powell stated that mass trials have been upheld as proper in other courts and that `` a person may join a conspiracy without knowing who all of the conspirators are ''.

There are some sharp and whipping lines and some hilariously funny situations -- the best of the latter being a mass impromptu plunge into a nightclub tank where a `` mermaid '' is performing.

Dramatic declines in amphibian populations, including population crashes and mass localized extinction, have been noted in the past two decades from locations all over the world, and amphibian declines are thus perceived as one of the most critical threats to global biodiversity.

Atoms having the same atomic number Z but different neutron number N, and hence different atomic mass, are known as isotopes.

In hot climates, compared with wooden buildings, adobe buildings offer significant advantages due to their greater thermal mass, but they are known to be particularly susceptible to earthquake damage.

Six astatine isotopes, with mass numbers of 214 to 219, are present in nature as the products of various decay routes of heavier elements, but neither the most stable isotope of astatine ( with mass number 210 ) nor astatine-211 ( which is used in medicine ) is produced naturally.

Alloy constituents are usually measured by mass.

In 1976 the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) revised the definition of the AU for greater precision, defining it as that length for which the Gaussian gravitational constant ( k ) takes the value when the units of measurement are the astronomical units of length, mass and time.

The acoustic wave equation ( and the mass and momentum balance equations ) are often expressed in terms of a scalar potential where.

and the momentum balance and mass balance are expressed as

The acoustic equations for the conservation of momentum and the conservation of mass are often expressed in time harmonic form ( at fixed frequency ).

Because of their relatively large mass, + 2 electric charge and relatively low velocity, alpha particles are very likely to interact with other atoms and lose their energy, so their forward motion is effectively stopped within a few centimeters of air.

It encloses a mass of ruins conspicuous in which are a fine triumphal arch, the colonnades of two streets, a gymnasium, etc.

The pieces are carefully heated with exclusion of air and then compressed into a uniform mass by intense hydraulic pressure ; the softened amber being forced through holes in a metal plate.