Advocates of central bank independence argue that a central bank which is too susceptible to political direction or pressure may encourage economic cycles (" boom and bust "), as politicians may be tempted to boost economic activity in advance of an election, to the detriment of the long-term health of the economy and the country.

Advocates see turning over economic institutions to those who run them as counteracting the negative effects of both state and private ( particularly corporate ) monopolies such as concentration of power and decision-making ability and negative externalities.

Advocates for regional planning such as new urbanist Peter Calthorpe, promote the approach because it can address region-wide environmental, social, and economic issues which may necessarily require a regional focus.

Advocates of this point to growing globalization, particularly with international economic interaction.

Advocates of limited government, in the form laissez faire ( little or no government role in the economy ) follow from the 19th century philosophical tradition classical liberalism, and are particularly associated with the mainstream economic schools of classical economics ( through the 1870s ) and neoclassical economics ( from the 1870s onwards ), and with the heterodox Austrian school.

Advocates of a laissez-faire economic policy are quick to assert ( barring private criminal conduct ) that a coercive monopoly can only come about through government intervention, and defend these situations as non-coercive monopolies in which government should not intervene.

Advocates of trade justice argue that growing inequity and serious gaps in social justice, and the global export of terrorism, are symptoms of an economic system that permits harms to be exported to other countries, while importing their goods.

Advocates of Pan-Africanism – i. e. “ Pan-Africans ” or “ Pan-Africanists ”-often champion socialist principles and tend to be opposed to external political and economic involvement on the continent.

Advocates of soft balancing have proposed a number of mechanisms through which states engage in this form of balancing, including diplomacy, diplomatic coalitions, international institutions and agreements, statecraft mechanisms such as territorial denial, as well as economic initiatives and multilateral and regional economic endeavours that exclude the superpower in the process.

Advocates of a " culture of life " argue that a " culture of death " results in political, economic, or eugenic murder.

Advocates have defined astrology as a symbolic language, an art form, a science, and a method of divination.

Advocates respond that it is difficult to undertake a comprehensive design effort in the absence of significant funding for such efforts, and that despite this handicap much useful design-ahead has nevertheless been accomplished with new software tools that have been developed, e. g., at Nanorex.

Advocates are often normal users who devote their spare time to advocacy of their operating system of choice ; many have a deep and abiding interest in the use, design and construction of operating systems and an emotional investment in their favourite operating system.

In December 2009, a 96-page report titled Human Rights in Ethiopia: Through the Eyes of the Oromo Diaspora, compiled by the Advocates for Human Rights, documented human rights violations against the Oromo in Ethiopia under three successive regimes: the Abyssinian Empire under Haile Selassie, the Marxist Derg and the current Ethiopian government of the Ethiopian People ’ s Revolutionary Democratic Front ( EPRDF ), dominated by members of the Tigray People ’ s Liberation Front ( TPLF ) and which was accused to have arrested approximately 20, 000 suspected OLF members, to have driven most OLF leadership into exile, and to have effectively neutralized the OLF as a political force in Ethiopia.

Advocates of pan-Arabism have often espoused socialist principles and strongly opposed Western political involvement in the Arab world.

Advocates of Condorcet methods argue that a candidate can claim to have majority support only if they are the " Condorcet winner " – that is, the candidate who would beat every other candidate in a series of one-on-one elections.

Advocates of this philosophy point to the many well-known artists and intellectuals who have used drugs, experimentally or otherwise, with few detrimental effects on their lives.

Though a Segway-focused organization, Disability Rights Advocates for Technology, advocates for Segway PT sidewalk and facility access as an ADA issue, Segways cannot be marketed in the US as medical devices: they have not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a medical device and Johnson & Johnson claims exclusive rights to the medical uses of the balancing technology found in the iBOT and Segway.

Advocates of the fuzzy logic approach have included K. F. Machina ( 1976 ) and Dorothy Edgington ( 1993 ).

Advocates of evidence-based medicine have used this as an example of the importance of basing health-care recommendations on statistical evidence, with one researcher estimating that as many as 50, 000 infant deaths in Europe, Australia, and the US could have been prevented had this advice been altered by 1970, when such evidence became available.

Advocates of local currency in effect argue that, in certain circumstances, an entire country is not an optimum currency area, and that various regions should have different currencies.

Advocates of counterfactual history often respond that all statements about causality in history contain implicit counterfactual claims — for example, the claim that a certain military decision helped a country win a war presumes that if that decision had not been made, the war would have been less likely to be won, or would have been longer.

Advocates for gays and lesbians have pointed to the inheritance rights of spouses as desirable for same-sex couples as well, through same-sex marriage or civil unions.

Advocates of indigenous rights have also criticized some of Toledo's efforts to jump-start the economy through investments, such as his support for the Camisea natural-gas project and other projects that involved exploring or developing natural resources.

Cockburn entered the Faculty of Advocates in 1800, and attached himself, not to the party of his relatives, who could have afforded him most valuable patronage, but to the Whig party, and that at a time when it held out few inducements to men ambitious of success in life.

Advocates of the former, the Normative Principle, argue that attributions of intentional idioms to physical systems should be the propositional attitudes that the physical system ought to have in those circumstances ( Dennett 1987, 342 ).

Advocates of BDSM have sought to distinguish themselves from widely held notions of antiquated psychiatric theory by the adoption of the initialized term, " BDSM " as a distinction from the now common usage of those psychological terms, abbreviated as " S & M ".

Advocates of the Paleolithic diet have argued that these components of agrarian diets promote vitamin and mineral deficiencies and may explain the development of the " diseases of civilization " as well as a number of autoimmune-related diseases.

The State Advocates have been instrumental in building communities of volunteers and educators, state-by-state.

In recent years, programs derived from yoga, a Hindu religious practice, have been introduced into public schools in the U. S. Advocates for the programs say they help children to relax and concentrate, but critics counter that the programs violate the separation of church and state.

Advocates of both Arminianism and Calvinism find a home in many Protestant denominations, and sometimes both exist within the same denomination as with the Puritans.

Advocates of Keynesian economics argue that private sector decisions sometimes lead to inefficient macroeconomic outcomes which require active policy responses by the public sector, particularly monetary policy actions by the central bank and fiscal policy actions by the government to stabilize output over the business cycle.

" Advocates of these " cultural segments " are often zealous and overstated in their attempts to redefine generational boundaries, often claiming wide adoption and sometimes advancing self-promotional agendas.

Advocates of this approach sometimes cite a quotation from a dissent by Louis Brandeis in New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann:

Advocates of both sides of the debate in the United States sometimes claim that gasoline manufacturers have been forced to add MTBE to gasoline by law.

Advocates sometimes focus on other supposed health benefits of the algae, such as claims of weight control, cancer prevention, and immune system support.

Advocates of this philosophy therefore hold the " institution of property ", as they sometimes call it, to be immoral in itself, so the accumulation of wealth that includes productive resources, especially land, is also immoral.

On April 11, 2001, Gay and Lesbian Advocates and Defenders ( GLAD ) sued the Massachusetts Department of Health in Superior Court on behalf of seven same-sex couples, all residents of Massachusetts, who had been denied marriage licenses in March and April 2001.

This suit coming on this day before this court for withdrawal in the presence of Mr. R. Rangachariar, Advocate for the Plaintiffs herein, of Mr. K. Venugopala Iyengar, Advocate for Defendants 1 herein, and of Mr. R. Soundara rajan, Advocate for Defendants 2 to 5 herein, and the said Advocates for the parties hereto represent to this court that the suit has been settled out of court, it is ordered as follows :-

Advocates for the rights of people with developmental disabilities focus their efforts on gaining acceptance in the workforce and in everyday activities and events from which they might have been excluded in the past.

Advocates have been calling for Chinese language services to be available in the community centers to accommodate the growing number of Chinese residents in the area.

Shinkai has been called " The New Miyazaki " in several reviews including Anime Advocates and ActiveAnime, comparisons which he calls an " overestimation ".< ref >

Advocates of both sides are adamant on their version, and for this reason neither has been passed by either house of Congress.

Advocates suggest that modern Christian translations of the Old Testament reduce emphasis on this concept, which they believe indicated the serpent had been an upright, human-like creature.

Thornton has been described by the Advocates for Self-Government as " one of America's experts on the economics of illegal drugs.

The Faculty of Advocates is an independent body of lawyers who have been admitted to practise as advocates before the courts of Scotland, especially the Court of Session and the High Court of Justiciary.

A comprehensive range of materials has been built up over the last three hundred years, and a modern library management system utilising the latest technology, ensure that the Advocates Library is able to meet the increasingly complex needs of members of the Faculty of Advocates.

Advocates of stereotype threat explanation have been criticized for exaggerating the importance of stereotype threat and for misrepresenting evidence as more conclusive than it is.

He has been Sheriff Principal of Ayr and Bute, Dean of the Faculty of Advocates and a Senator of the College of Justice.