The physical oceanography of the Aegean Sea is controlled mainly by the regional climate, the fresh water discharge from major rivers draining southeastern Europe, and the seasonal variations in the Black Sea surface water outflow through the Dardanelles Strait.

Water flows in both directions along the strait, from the Sea of Marmara to the Aegean via a surface current and in the opposite direction via an undercurrent.

Mentioned in the book of Genesis, slag heaps found in Asia Minor and on the islands of the Aegean Sea indicate silver was being separated from lead as early as the 4th millennium BC using surface mining.

Analysis of the Aegean during 1991 and 1992 revealed 3 distinct water masses:

The Black Sea has a positive water balance ; that is, a net outflow of water 300 km < sup > 3 </ sup > per year through the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles into the Aegean Sea.

* Large outflow of fresh water from Black Sea into Aegean Sea

Stara Planina forms a water divide between the rivers flowing to the Danube in the north and those flowing to the Aegean Sea in the south.

A rising sea flood, recently disclosed and much-discussed refilling of the freshwater glacial Black Sea with water from the Aegean, was described as " a violent rush of salt water into a depressed fresh-water lake in a single catastrophe that has been the inspiration for the flood mythology " ( Ryan and Pitman, 1998 ).

The oscillating hypothesis specifies that over the last 30, 000 years, water has intermittently flowed back and forth between the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea in relatively small magnitudes, and does not necessarily presuppose that there occurred any sudden " refilling " events.

A large part of the academic geological community also continues to reject the idea that there could have been enough sustained long-term pressure by water from the Aegean to dig through a supposed isthmus at the present Bosporus, or enough of a difference in water levels ( if at all ) between the two water basins.

Countering the hypothesis of Ryan and Pitman are data collected prior to its publication by Ukrainian and Russian scientists including Valentina Yanko-Hombach, who claims that the water flow through the Bosporus repeatedly reversed direction over geological time depending on fluctuation in the levels of the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea.

The Kea Channel, is a passage of water in the Aegean Sea, lying between the islands of Makronisi and Kea, just off Cape Sounion on the mainland of Greece.

While in the Aegean Sea the gland surrounding the propellor shaft failed allowing water to flood into the ship.

The Euripus Strait (, pronounced ), is a narrow channel of water separating the Greek island of Euboea in the Aegean Sea from Boeotia in mainland Greece.

Nikolaos, plus the volcanic island Nea Kameni at the center with Thirassia Island in the distant west on blue Aegean water.

The evening of our first day we drove with Christopher and Judy Sakellariadis, who were friends and patients of Norton, to dine at a restaurant on the shores of the Aegean.

The Aegean Islands are found within its waters, with the following islands delimiting the sea on the south ( generally from west to east ): Kythera, Antikythera, Crete, Kasos, Karpathos and Rhodes.

The bays and gulfs of the Aegean beginning at the South and moving clockwise include on Crete, the Mirabelli, Almyros, Souda and Chania bays or gulfs, on the mainland the Myrtoan Sea to the west, the Saronic Gulf northwestward, the Petalies Gulf which connects with the South Euboic Sea, the Pagasetic Gulf which connects with the North Euboic Sea, the Thermian Gulf northwestward, the Chalkidiki Peninsula including the Cassandra and the Singitic Gulfs, northward the Strymonian Gulf and the Gulf of Kavala and the rest are in Turkey ; Saros Gulf, Edremit Gulf, Dikili Gulf, Çandarlı Gulf, İzmir Gulf, Kuşadası Gulf, Gulf of Gökova, Güllük Gulf.

* Aegean Sea Surface Water – thick veneer, with summer temperatures of 21 – 26 ° C and winter temperatures ranging from in the north to in the south.

* Aegean Sea Intermediate Water – Aegean Sea Intermediate Water extends from 40 – 50 m to with temperatures ranging from 11 – 18 ° C.

* Aegean Sea Bottom Water – occurring at depths below 500 – 1000 m with a very uniform temperature ( 13 – 14 ° C ) and salinity ( 39. 1 – 39. 2 %).

Located on the west coast of Anatolia, the Aegean region has a fertile soil and a typically Mediterranean climate ; with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers.

W. H. Roscher thinks that both nectar and ambrosia were kinds of honey, in which case their power of conferring immortality would be due to the supposed healing and cleansing powers of honey, and because fermented honey ( mead ) preceded wine as an entheogen in the Aegean world ; on some Minoan seals, goddesses were represented with bee faces ( compare Merope and Melissa ).

He was born into the aristocratic, warrior class that dominated Mytilene, the strongest city-state on the island of Lesbos and, by the end of the seventh century BC, the most influential of all the North Aegean Greek cities, with a strong navy and colonies securing its trade-routes in the Hellespont.

there is very close commerce with Egypt, and Aegean things find their way to all coasts of the Mediterranean.

The Aegean written documents have not yet proved ( by being found outside the area ) to be epistolary ( letter writing ) correspondence with other countries.

; In the Aegean area at a later time, discordant with the civilization in which they were practised and indicating survival from earlier systems.

Thus the " Aegean Area " has now come to mean the Archipelago with Crete and Cyprus, the Hellenic peninsula with the Ionian islands, and Western Anatolia.

The world's narrowest strait used for international navigation, it connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Marmara ( which is connected by the Dardanelles to the Aegean Sea, and thereby to the Mediterranean Sea.

Greece was the only Balkan country with a navy powerful enough to deny use of the Aegean to the Ottoman Empire, thus a treaty between Greece and Bulgaria became necessary ; it was signed in May 1912.

After the end of the operations in Thrace — and confirming Greek concerns — Bulgaria was not satisfied with the territory it controlled in Macedonia and immediately asked Greece to relinquish its control over Thessaloniki and the land north of Pieria, effectively handing over all Aegean Macedonia.

Prominent issues in Hellenic foreign policy include the claims in the Aegean Sea and Eastern Mediterranean by Turkey, the Turkish occupation of Cyprus, the dispute over the name of the Republic of Macedonia ( recognized under the provisional denomination of " former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia "), and relations with the United States and Russia.

The Gallipoli peninsula (; ; ) is located in Turkish Thrace ( or East Thrace ), the European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles straits to the east.

A bird that had been associated with Hera on an archaic level, where most of the Aegean goddesses were associated with " their " bird, was the cuckoo, which appears in mythic fragments concerning the first wooing of a virginal Hera by Zeus.

The Treaty of Bucharest, which concluded the war, left Greece with southern Epirus, the southern half of Macedonia, Crete and the Aegean islands, except for the Dodecanese, which had been occupied by Italy in 1911.

It is a peninsula bound by the Black Sea to the north, Georgia to the north-east, the Armenian Highland to the east, Mesopotamia to the south-east, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west.

The Aegean Sea (;, Aigaio Pelagos ; or historically ) is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located between the southern Balkan and Anatolian peninsulas, i. e., between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey.

One chain extends across the sea to Chios, another extends across Euboea to Samos, and a third extends across the Peloponnese and Crete to Rhodes, dividing the Aegean from the Mediterranean.

The Aegean was the site of the original democracies, and its seaways were the means of contact among several diverse civilizations of the Eastern Mediterranean.

The region is bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and the Aegean Sea to the west.

The Anatolian peninsula, also called Asia Minor, is bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean Sea to the west, and the Sea of Marmara to the northwest, which separates Anatolia from Thrace in Europe.

True lowland is confined to a few narrow coastal strips along the Aegean, Mediterranean, and Black Sea coasts.

* Monuments and records of other contemporary civilizations ; for example, representations of alien peoples in Egyptian frescoes ; imitation of Aegean fabrics and style in non-Aegean lands ; allusions to Mediterranean peoples in Egyptian, Semitic or Babylonian records.

In West Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean early copper zinc alloys are now known in small numbers from a number of third Millennium BC sites in the Aegean, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kalmykia, Turkmenistan and Georgia and from 2nd Millennium BC sites in West India, Uzbekistan, Iran, Syria, Iraq and Israel.

The Black Sea is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean and the Aegean Seas and various straits.

The Bosphorus Strait connects it to the Sea of Marmara, and the Strait of the Dardanelles connects that sea to the Aegean Sea region of the Mediterranean.

Constantinople was the largest and richest urban center in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea during the late Eastern Roman Empire, mostly as a result of its strategic position commanding the trade routes between the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea.

The Corinth Canal, carrying ship traffic between the western Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea, is about 4 km east of the city, cutting through the Isthmus of Corinth and separates the Peloponnesian peninsula from the Greek mainland, thus effectively making the former an island.

The Hamidiye then left the Aegean for the Eastern Mediterranean, making stops at Beirut and Port Said before entering the Red Sea.

The navy also contested and protected key seagoing trade routes, in competition with the Italian city states in the Black, Aegean and Mediterranean seas and the Portuguese in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean.

Western Asia is geographically contained from Europe, Asia and Africa, clockwise, by the Caucasus Mountains, the Caspian Sea, the Iranian plateau, the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Oman, the Arabian Sea, the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea, the Sinai Peninsula, the Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea, and the Black Sea, and lies largely on the Arabian tectonic plate.

Turkey is situated in Anatolia and the Balkans, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria.

Coastline: Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: in the Black Sea only: to the maritime boundary agreed upon with the former USSR territorial sea: in the Aegean Sea ; in Black Sea and in Mediterranean Sea

True lowland is confined to the Ergene Plain in Thrace, extending along rivers that discharge into the Aegean Sea or the Sea of Marmara, and to a few narrow coastal strips along the Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea coasts.

The periphery is divided into the Black Sea region, the Marmara region, the Aegean region, and the Mediterranean region.