According to the section of the chronicle entitled ‘ On Ermac, and where he was born ,’ Ermac ’ s grandfather named Afonasiy Grigor ’ yevich Alenin was from Suzdal, northeast of Moscow.

The AMPAS was originally conceived by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio boss Louis B. Mayer as a professional honorary organization to help improve the film industry ’ s image and help mediate labor disputes.

The International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences defines psychological altruism as " a motivational state with the goal of increasing another ’ s welfare ".

Psychological altruism is contrasted with psychological egoism, which refers to the motivation to increase one ’ s own welfare.

One way is a sincere expression of Christian love, " motivated by a powerful feeling of security, strength, and inner salvation, of the invincible fullness of one ’ s own life and existence ".

Another way is merely " one of the many modern substitutes for love, ... nothing but the urge to turn away from oneself and to lose oneself in other people ’ s business.

* David Firestone-When Romney ’ s Reach Exceeds His Grasp-Mitt Romney quotes the song

" Swift extends the metaphor to get in a few jibes at England ’ s mistreatment of Ireland, noting that " For this kind of commodity will not bear exportation, and flesh being of too tender a consistence, to admit a long continuance in salt, although perhaps I could name a country, which would be glad to eat up our whole nation without it.

George Wittkowsky argued that Swift ’ s main target in A Modest Proposal was not the conditions in Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic ills.

In response, Swift ’ s Modest Proposal was " a burlesque of projects concerning the poor ", that were in vogue during the early 18th century.

Critics differ about Swift ’ s intentions in using this faux-mathematical philosophy.

Charles K. Smith argues that Swift ’ s rhetorical style persuades the reader to detest the speaker and pity the Irish.

Swift ’ s specific strategy is twofold, using a " trap " to create sympathy for the Irish and a dislike of the narrator who, in the span of one sentence, " details vividly and with rhetorical emphasis the grinding poverty " but feels emotion solely for members of his own class.

Swift ’ s use of gripping details of poverty and his narrator ’ s cool approach towards them create " two opposing points of view " that " alienate the reader, perhaps unconsciously, from a narrator who can view with ' melancholy ' detachment a subject that Swift has directed us, rhetorically, to see in a much less detached way.

Once the children have been commodified, Swift ’ s rhetoric can easily turn " people into animals, then meat, and from meat, logically, into tonnage worth a price per pound ".

Swift uses the proposer ’ s serious tone to highlight the absurdity of his proposal.

In making his argument, the speaker uses the conventional, text book approved order of argument from Swift ’ s time ( which was derived from the Latin rhetorician Quintilian ).

James Johnson argued that A Modest Proposal was largely influenced and inspired by Tertullian ’ s Apology: a satirical attack against early Roman persecution of Christianity.

Johnson notes Swift ’ s obvious affinity for Tertullian and the bold stylistic and structural similarities between the works A Modest Proposal and Apology.

He reminds readers that " there is a gap between the narrator ’ s meaning and the text ’ s, and that a moral-political argument is being carried out by means of parody ".

Rousseau believed that young boys should avoid formal schooling and pursue instead an “ education direct from nature .” Ampère ’ s father actualized this ideal by allowing his son to educate himself within the walls of his well-stocked library.

She became involved in politics in Tiberius ’ imperial court, became an advocate for her sons to succeed Tiberius, and opposed Tiberius ’ natural son and natural grandson Tiberius Gemellus for succession.

Agrippina ’ s son Drusus died of starvation being imprisoned in Rome and Nero either committed suicide soon after the trial.

In March 37, Tiberius died and Agrippina ’ s remaining son Caligula succeeded as emperor.

Germanicus ’ father, Drusus the Elder, was the second son of the Empress Livia Drusilla by her first marriage to praetor Tiberius Nero, and was the Emperor Tiberius ’ s younger brother and Augustus ’ s stepson.

Messalina considered Agrippina ’ s son a threat to her son ’ s position and sent assassins to strangle Lucius during his siesta.

Lucius ’ name was changed to Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus and he became Claudius ’ s adopted son, heir and recognised successor.

For instance, in 51, Agrippina ordered the execution of Britannicus ’ tutor Sosibius because he had confronted her and was outraged by Claudius ’ adoption of Nero and his choice of Nero as successor, instead of choosing his own son Britannicus.

In the first months of Nero ’ s reign Agrippina controlled her son and the Empire.

Years before she died, Agrippina had visited astrologers to ask about her son ’ s future.

One was a praetor under Emperor Tiberius ’ reign and the other, his son, was a general.

The press was continued after Aldus ’ s death in 1515 by his wife and her father until his son Paolo ( 1512 – 1574 ) took over.

She arranged for Alexander to marry Sallustia Orbiana, the daughter of a noble Patrician family, but grew so jealous of Sallustia ’ s influence over her son that she had her banished from court.

His comment on Numbers 23: 19 has a still more polemical tone: “ God is not a man that he should lie ; neither the son of man, that he should repent ; < font face =" times new roman " size = 3 > if a man says: ‘ I am a god ’ he is a liar ; if he says: ‘ I am a son of man ’ he will have cause to regret it ; and if he says, ‘ I will go up to heaven ’ he has said but will not keep his word ” last phrase is borrowed from B ' midbar 23: 19 ( Yer.

One of the Siberian chronicles, the Remezov Chronicle, written more than one hundred years after Ermac ’ s death describes him as “ flat-faced, black of beard with curly hair, of medium stature and thick-set and broad-shouldered ,” but even this detailed account is not reliable because the narrator had never seen Ermac.

In addition to his physical features being unknown, the details of Ermac ’ s life and the circumstances leading up to his excursion into Siberia are obscure.

Our knowledge of Ermac ’ s upbringing and voyages pales in comparison to that of other renowned explorers such as Christopher Columbus.

Historians encounter serious difficulties when attempting to piece together the specifics of Ermac ’ s life and exploits because the two key, primary sources about Ermac may be biased or inaccurate.

The Sinodik is an account of Ermac ’ s campaign written forty years after his death by the archbishop of Tobolsk, Cyprian ( Kipriyan ).

The text was formed based on oral tradition and memories of his expedition but almost certainly was affected by the archbishop ’ s desire to canonize Ermac.

These documents, along with the various others that chronicle Ermac ’ s expeditions, are filled with contradictions that make the truth about Ermac ’ s life difficult to discern.

The only information about Ermac ’ s upbringing comes from a source called the Cherepanov Chronicle.

Though the chronicle was compiled by a Tobolsk coachman in 1760, far after Ermac ’ s death, and was never published in full, in 1894, the historian A.

Prior to his conquest of Siberia, Ermac ’ s combat experience consisted of leading a Cossack detachment for the tsar in the Livonian War of 1558-83 and plundering merchant ships.

Historian Valerie Kivelson refers to Ermac ’ s group as “ his gang of thugs .” Like many other Cossacks, Ermac ’ s gang was involved in the “ thieves ” trade remeslom.