Afonso V (, originally Affonso ) KG ( 15 January 1432 – 28 August 1481 ), called the African (), was King of Portugal and the Algarves.

Contemporary portrait of Afonso V of Portugal, as depicted in the Itinerarium of Georg von Ehingen ( printed 1600, Augsburg, but based on earlier image c. 1470 )

Afonso V was only six years old when he succeeded his father in 1438.

During his minority, Afonso V was placed under the regency of his mother in accordance with a will of his late father.

But on 9 June 1448, when the king came of age, Peter had to surrender his power to Afonso V. The years of conspiracy by the Duke of Braganza finally came to a head.

On 15 September of the same year, Afonso V nullified all the laws and edicts approved under the regency.

Administratively, Afonso V was a passive king.

A copy of the Fra Mauro map was made under a commission by Afonso V in 1457.

In 1452, Pope Nicholas V issued the papal bull Dum Diversas, granting Afonso V the right to reduce " Saracens, pagans and any other unbelievers " to hereditary slavery.

When the campaigns in Africa were over, Afonso V found new grounds for battle in the Iberian Peninsula.

Her half-aunt, the future Queen Isabella I of Castile, was due to inherit the crown, but Afonso V was keen to interfere with the succession in Castile.

Since her adulteress mother was his own sister, Afonso V had not only ambition, but the family honour to protect.

pt: Afonso V de Aragão

* Afonso V of Portugal-( 1432 – 1481 )

* Afonso V of Portugal ( 1432 – 1481 ) The African

gl: Afonso V

pt: Afonso V

The city is also famous for the Convento de Jesus ( now known as the City Museum " Santa Joana "), built in the 15th century, which contains the tomb of the daughter of Afonso V, St. Joana, who died in 1490.

** Afonso V, The African 1438-1481

* 1432 – King Afonso V of Portugal ( d. 1481 )

* August 28 – King Afonso V of Portugal ( b. 1432 )

* August 24 – King Afonso V of Portugal conquers the Moroccan town of Arzila.

* October 24 – King Afonso V of Portugal conquers Alcácer Ceguer in North Africa.

Thus the possibility of re-incorporating Portugal ( up to then Southern Galicia ) into a Kingdom of Portugal and Galicia as before was eliminated and Afonso became sole ruler ( Duke of Portugal ) after demands for independence from the county's church and nobles.

Afonso then turned his arms against the persistent problem of the Moors in the south.

Secure on the throne, Afonso III then proceeded to make war with the Muslim communities that still thrived in the south.

He then becomes Afonso I, King of Portugal, after calling the first assembly of the estates-general of Portugal at Lamego, where he is given the Crown from the Bishop of Bragança, to confirm the independence.

* June 24 – Battle of São Mamede: King Afonso I of Portugal ( then Count of Portugal ) defeats his mother, Teresa of León, and gains control of the county, which thus becomes de facto independent.

Afonso then turned his arms against the persistent problem of the Moors in the south.

In 1168 Afonso again felt menaced by Ferdinand II's repopulation of the area of Ciudad Rodrigo: he then attacked Galicia, occupying Tui and the territory of Xinzo de Limia, former fiefs of his mother.

Philip then remarried, to Princess Matilda of Portugal, daughter of Afonso I, the first King of Portugal, and Maud of Savoy.

Unfortunately for the Jews, he decided that he wanted to marry Infanta Isabella of Aragon, then heiress of the future united crown of Spain ( widow of his nephew Prince Afonso ).

The ceremony was presided by José Neto, Cardinal of Lisbon, then exiled in Seville, who had baptized D. Manuel when he was the Prince Royal ; D. Manuel was also assisted by the Prince of Wales ( Edward VIII ) and King Afonso XIII of Spain, as well as representatives of the Royal Houses of Europe ( including Spain, Germany, Italy, France and Romania, in addition to the principalities and German kingdoms ).

In 1170, Sancho was knighted by his father, King Afonso I, and from then on he became his second in command, both administratively and militarily.

In 1246 recalcitrant nobles invited Sancho's brother Afonso, then living in France as Consort Count of Boulogne, to take the throne.

In Portugal, Afonso I of Portugal ( then Afonso Henriques, Count of Portugal ) declared himself King in 1139, continuing the Reconquista, thus founding both the Portuguese monarchy and the modern country of Portugal.

In 1469, King Afonso V of Portugal granted the monopoly of trade in the Gulf of Guinea to Lisbon merchant Fernão Gomes, including the exclusive trade of Aframomum melegueta, then called " malagueta " pepper-which was granted by 100 000 real-annually in exchange for exploring 100 miles of the coast of Africa a year for five years.

King John I had a first illegitimate son, Afonso, and a daughter Beatrice ; after marrying Philippa of Lancaster, John of Gaunt's daughter, and establishing the House of Aviz, they had a first boy ( died of young age ), a girl Isabella ( who became a famous duchess of Burgundy and Flanders ), then five boys who were grew up under the memories of the famous battle.

Philip then remarried, to Infanta Matilda of Portugal, daughter of Afonso I, the first King of Portugal, and Maud of Savoy.

This is followed by passages on the meaning of Portuguese nationality and then by an enumeration of the warrior deeds of the 1st Dynasty kings, from D. Afonso Henriques to D. Fernando.

Legend holds that Fernão Mendes ( a Braganção ) presumably kidnapped, then married, Sancha, daughter of Afonso Henriques and Teresa, obtaining with his dead the important defense of the region.

His plan was such a personal issue that he threw Afonso de Albuquerque in jail after being informed of the King's orders, then advancing to the battle.

Established as a proper village in 1532 by Martim Afonso de Sousa on what was then the Porto dos Escravos ( port of the slaves ), operated by three Portuguese colonists who trafficked on slaves captured by allied tribes, São Vicente is titled Cellula Mater ( Mother Cell ) of Brazil for being the first organized town in the country.

In 1338, during the reign of Afonso IV, it was once again transferred to Lisbon, from whence it returned in 1354, this time to the centre of the town which was then in full expansion.

Between 1513 and 1516, King Manuel I issued a new foral to Mafra, Ericeira and Cheleiros, and in 1519, conceded a foral to Enxara dos Cavaleiros, while confirming a foral to Gradil ( then originally donated by Afonso IV of Portugal in 1327 ).

In 1903 he was successively elected Senator and then President ( Governor ) of the state of Rio de Janeiro, remaining in the latter position until 1906, when he was elected vice-president under President Afonso Pena.